广东省广雅中学江西省南昌二中届高三下学期联合测试英语试题有答案.docx
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广东省广雅中学江西省南昌二中届高三下学期联合测试英语试题有答案
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
Bigmessagingappsabroad
WhileWeChatisChina'sbiggestmobilemessagingapp,therearemanyequivalentappsinothercountriesthatoffersimilarfeatures.
WhatsApp(US)
Users:
morethan300million
Platforms:
Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerry
Features:
Textchat,push-to-talk,filesharing,locationsharing
Withmorethan300millionactiveusers,WhatsAppisoneofWeChat'sbiggestcompetitors.Developedbytwoex-Yahooemployeesin2009,WhatsApporiginallyfocusedontextchat,butonAug.6italsostartedpush-to-talkservice.It'snotedforitsaccessibility,easeofuseandtheabsenceofadverts.Theserviceisfreeforthefirstyear,afterwhich$0.99(6.06yuan)ischargedforaone-yearsubscription.
KakaoTalk(SouthKorea)
Users:
morethan100million
Platforms:
Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerryandBada(anoperatingsystemdevelopedbySamsung)
Features:
Textchat,groupchat,push-to-talk,groupcalls,filesharing
Withmorethan100millionusersinmorethan230countries,KakaoTalkisamulti-platformtextingapplicbtionthatallowsuserstosendandreceivemessagesforfree.WithKakaoTalk,userscanmessageeachotherone-on-oneoringroupchatswithunlimitednumbersoffriends.Youcanalsochoosefrommorethan250animatedemoticonsandsharethemwithfriends.
Line(Japan)
Users:
morethan200million
Platforms:
Android,iOS,WindowsPhone,BlackBerryandPC
Features:
Textchat,groupchat,push-to-talk,filesharing,locationsharing,gaming,stickers
Linetopsthelistofthemostdownloadedfreeappsin52countries.Apartfromtextandvoicemessaging,Lineprovidesitsuserswithmorethan250originalstickersandemoticonstobuyfromitsownshop.Inthefirstquarterof2013alone,itmade$17millionjustfromstickers.ThepopularappalsoallowsfriendstobattleeachotherintheLINEGame.
1.Comparedwiththeothertwoapps,whichofthefollowingfeaturesmakesLinestandout?
A.Groupmobilegames.B.Freeemoticons.
C.Freedownloadoftheapp.D.Textandgroupchat.
2.WhichofthestatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.UserscanalwayssendandreceivemessagesforfreewithWhatsApp.
B.Userscansharefileswithanyofthethreeapps.
C.KakaoTalkfreesusersfromunwantedadvertisjments.
D.Lineranksfirstinthelistofthemostdownloadedappsin52countries.
3.Inwhichpartofthenewspapermaythisarticlebefound?
A.Advertisement.B.EconomyandFinance.
C.Entertainment.D.ScienceandTechnology.
B
Whenit'sfiveo'clock,peopleleavetheiroffice.Thelengthoftheworkday,formanyworkers,isdefinedbytime.Theyleavewhentheclocktellsthemthey'redone.
Thesedays,thetimeiseverywhere:
notjustonclocksorwatches,butoncell-phonesandcomputers.Thatmaybeabadthing,particularlyatwork.Newresearchshowsonthatclock-basedworkscheduleshindermoraleandcreativity.
Clock-timersorganizetheirdaybyblocksofminutesandhours.Forexample:
ameetingfrom9a.m.to10a.m.,researchfrom10a.m.tonoon,etc.Ontheotherhand,task-timershavealistofthingstheywanttoaccomplish.Theyworkdownthelist,eachtaskstartswhentheprevioustaskiscompleted.Itissaidthatallofusemployamixofboththesetypesofplanning.
What,then,aretheeffectsofthinkingabouttimeinthesedifferentways?
Doesonemakeusmoreproductive?
Betteratthetasksathand?
Happier?
InexperimentsconductedbyTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellier,theyhadparticipintsorganizedifferentactivities-fromprojectplanning,holidayshopping,toyoga-bytimeorto-dolisttomeasurehowtheyperformedunder"clocktime"vs"tasktime".Theyfoundclocktimerstobemoreefficientbutlesshappybecausetheyfeltlittlecontrolovertheirlives.Tasktimersarehappierandmorecreative,butlessproductive.Theytendtoenjoythemomentwhensomethinggoodishappening,andseizeopportunitiesthatcomeup.
Theresearchersarguethattask-basedorganizingtendstobeundervaluedandunder-supportedinthebusinessculture.Smartcompanies,theybelieve,willtrytobakemoretask-basedplanningintotheirstrategies.
Thismightbeasmallchangetothewayweviewworkandtheoffice,buttheresearchersarguethatitchallengesawidespreadcharacteristicoftheeconomy:
workorganizedbyclocktime.Whilemostpeoplewillstillprobablyneed,andbe,tosomeextent,clock-timers,task-basedtimingshouldbeusedwhenperformingajobthatrequiresmorecreativity.It'llmakethosetaskseasier,andthetask-doerswillbehappier.
4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftimedisplayedeverywhere?
A.Itmakeseverybodyawareoftime.B.Itisaconvenienceforworkandlife.
C.Itmayhaveanegativeeffectoncreativework.D.Itclearlyindicatesthefastpaceofmodernlife.
5.WhatdidTamarAvnetandAnne-LaureSellierfindintheirexperimentsaboutclock-timers?
A.Theyseizeopportunitiesastheycomeup.B.Theyalwaysgettheirworkdoneintime.
C.Theyhavemorecontrolovertheirlives.D.Theytendtobemoreproductive.
6.Whatdotheresearcherssayabouttoday'sbusinessculture?
A.Itdoesnotsupportthestrategiesadoptedbysmartcompanies.
B.Itdoesnotattachenoughimportancetotask-basedpractice.
C.Itplacesmoreemphasisonworkefficiencythanonworkers’lives.
D.Itaimstobringemployees'potentialandcreativityintofullplay.
7.Whatdotheresearcherssuggest?
A.Task-basedtimingispreferredfordoingcreativework.
B.Itisimportanttokeepabalancebetweenworkandlife.
C.Performingcreativejobstendstomakeworkershappier.
D.Ascientificstandardshouldbeadoptedinjobevaluation.
C
“HeaveniswherethepoliceareEnglish,thecooksareFrenchthemechanicsareGerman,theloversareItalianandeverythingisorganizedbytheSwiss.Helliswherethe.policeareGerman,thecooksareEnglish,themechanicsareFrench,theloversareSwiss,andeverythingisorganizedbytheItalians.”
Obviouslythenationalstereotypes(模式化的思想)inthis,oldjokearegeneralizations,butsuchstereotypesareoftensaidto"existforareason".Isthereactuallyasliveroftruthinthem?
Notlikely,aninternationalresearchteamnowsays.
"Nationalandculturalstereotypesdoplayanimportantroleinhowpeopleseethemselvesandothers,andbeingawarethatthesearenotdependableisausefulthing,"saidstudyauthorRobertMcCraeoftheNationalInstituteonAging."Theseareinfactunfoundedstereotypes.Theydon'tcomefromlookingaroundyou,"McCraesaid.
Ifnationalstereotypesaren'trootedinrealexperiences,thenwheredotheycomefrom?
Onepossibilityisthattheyreflectnationalvalues,whichmaybecomeknownfromhistoricalevents.Forexample,manyhistorianshavearguedthatthespiritofAmericanindividualismhasitsoriginsintheexperiencesofthepioneersontheOldWest.
SocialscientistssuchaspsychologistRichardRobinshavegivenseveralotherpossibleexplanationsforstereotypesandwhytheymaybeincorrect.Robinsnotesthatsomestereotypesmayhavebeencorrectatonepointinhistoryandthenremainedunchangedwhiletheculturechanged.
Wemaybe"hard-wired",tosomedegree,tokeepincorrectstereotypes,sincewearelesslikelytonoticeandrememberinformationthatisdifferentfromourstereotypes.Generally,accordingtoRobins,whenwemeetpeoplewhoaredifferentfromourstereotypes,weseethemasuniqueindividualsratherthantypicalnationalorculturalgroups.
8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?
A.Tointroducethetopicofnationalstereotypes.
B.Tomakeacomparisonbetweenthecharactersofdifferentcountries.
C.Toexemplifytheargumentagainststereotyping.
D.Toanalyzethestrengthsandweaknessesofpeopleindifferentcountries.
9.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMcCrae'sattitudetowardsnationalstereotypes?
A.Supportive.B.Indifferent.C.Critical.D.Uncertain.
10.Accordingtosocialscientists,whyaren’tnationalstereotypesalwayscorrect?
A.Becausetheyareformedbyindividualhistorians.
B.Becausepeopletendtohavefalseideaaboutothercultures.
C.Becausegeneralizationsaremadethroughpersonalexperience.
D.Becausewhatwastrueinthepastmaynotbetrueatpresent.
11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hard-wired"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?
A.Forgetful.B.Fixed.C.Anxious.D.Helpless.
D
Inthedulltwilightofthewinterafternoon,ScarlettcametotheendofthelongroadwhichhadbegunthenightAtlantafell.Shehadsetherfeetuponthatroadasaspoiled,selfishanduntriedgirl,fullofyouth,warmofemotion,easilyconfusedbylife.Now,attheendoftheroad,therewasnothingleftofthatgirl.Hungerandhardlabor,fearandconstantpressure,theterrorsofwarandtheterrorsofReconstructionhadtakenawayallwarmthandyouthandsoftness.Aroundthecoreofherbeing,ashellofhardnesshadformedand,littlebylittle,layerbylayer,theshellhadthickenedduringtheendlessmonths.
Butuntilthisveryday,twohopeshadbeenlefttosupporther.Shehadhopedthatthewarbeingover,lifewouldgraduallyreturntoitsoldface.ShehadhopedthatAshley'sreturnwouldbringbacksomemeaningintolife.Nowbothhopesweregone.Sherealizedthatforher,forthewhaleSouth,thewarwouldneverend.Thebitterestfighting,themostviolentandcruelrevenges,werejustbeginning.AndAshleywasimprisonedforeverbywordswhichwerestrongerthananyjail.
PeacehadfailedherandAshleyhadfailedher,bothinthesameday,anditwasasifthelastcrevice(裂口)intheshellhadbeenclosed,thefinallayerhardened.ShehadbecomewhatGrandmaFontainehadcounseledagainst,awomanwhohadseentheworstandsohadnothingelsetofear.NotlifenorMothernorlosso