The Analysis on Translation of Loong.docx

The Analysis on Translation of Loong.docx

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TheAnalysisonTranslationofLoong

对于“龙”翻译的剖析

TheAnalysisonTranslationof“Loong”

Contents

Abstract………………………………………………………………...……1

Keywords……………………………………………………………………1

I.Introduction…………………………………………………………….…2

1.Thetranslationof“dragon”inChineseversionBible………...……………2

2.Theimpropertranslationof“loong”to“dragon”…………………………4

II.LiteratureReview…………………………...……………………...…...5

1.TheoriginofChinese“loong”……………………………………………5

2.ThesymbolsofChinese“loong”……………………………………………6

3.Theoriginof“Dragon”…………...……………………………………..6

4.Thedefinitionof“dragon”………………………………………………7

III.Correction………………………………………………………………8

IV.Conclusion…………………………………………………………….…9

References…………………………………………………………………10

Abstract:

SomewesternprofessorstranslatedtheChinese“loong”intothedevil“dragon”thefirsttimeintheBibletranslationofEnglishtoChinese.Sincethen,Chinesetranslatorshavebeenmakingthewordof“dragon”torepresentthetotemofchinainmanyaspectstointroducetoforeigners.Infactthisisanimproperresolutionfromtheculture,historyandthetechniquesoftranslation.“Loong”isbeingthesymbolofChinesenationandisamythologicalcreature,withtheheadofacamelorhorseorsnake,thehornsofadeer,theeyesofarabbit,theearsofacow,theneckandbodyofasnake,thebellyofakindofhugeclam,thescalesofacarp,theclawsofahawk,thepalmofatiger,whiskersandabeardandisthemeaningsofbeingimperial,powerful,prosperouseventalentedetc.Butthe“dragon”inthewestcultureisthemythicalbeastusuallyrepresentedasahuge,winged,fire-breathingreptile，andthebaddefinitionsofSatan,devil,vixenandsoonbadwords.Sowhendoingtranslationorinterpreting,weshouldnottakethedifferencesofculturebackgroundforgrantedandtakethecultureinformationgapintoconsideration.

Keywords:

loong;dragon;translation;

摘要:

当一些西方学者在对圣经进行汉译时，他们把邪恶的“的拉根”翻译成了中国的龙，这是历史上的第一次。

自从那时起，中国翻译者们向西方介绍中国时，一直都把中国的龙图腾翻译成“的拉根”。

事实上，我们从中西方文化、历史和翻译技巧上来看，这都是误译。

龙作为中华民族的象征，是一种想象出来的生物，头部似骆驼或马或蛇，角似鹿，眼似兔子，耳似牛，脖子和身体似蛇，腹似蜃，鳞似鲤鱼，爪似鹰，掌似虎，还有着胡须和腮须。

她还是皇权、力量、繁荣、甚至是才能的象征。

但是西方世界的“的拉根”是虚构出来的，身躯庞大笨拙，颜色是黑灰色的，长着巨大的翅膀，口中吐火，经常用作撒旦、邪恶和悍妇等不好的词。

当我们在翻译时，忽视了不同的文化背景。

因此，我们应当多注意文化信息的隔阂。

关键词：

龙；的拉根；翻译；

I.Introduction

1.Thetranslationof“dragon”inChineseversionBible

TheChineseversionBiblefinallywaspublishedin1919whichwastheblessinggivenbyGodanditexperienceduncountableyears.Atthebeginning,thepurposeofBibletranslationwastopreachtoChineseandpropagatetheChristcultureinChina.AstheeconomicofEnglish-speakingcountrieshaddevelopedfast,thetideofstudyingEnglishinthesecountriesbecamemoreandmorepopularandimportant.Atthesametime,ChinesehadbeguntointroduceChineseculturetoEnglish-speakingcountries,inwhichChinamastersfrequentlyquotedthetranslationofChineseversionBible.Gradually,theChineseversionBiblehadbeentheauthoritativereference.Whenchinamastersintroducedtheloongtowestern,theytranslated“loong”into“dragon”.So,westernpeoplerecognizedChineseloongasthesamesymbolandfigureofdragon.Infact,“dragon”and“loong”iscompletelydifferent.The“dragon”wastherepresentativeofSatananditjustsimplyindicatedakindofevilmonster,anevilthinginthewesternpeople’smind.The“loong”istherepresentativeofgoodnessanditwasakindoftraditionalChinesemythologicalanimal,bearsthemeaningofbeingimperial,powerful,prosperousandeventalentedetc.Itwaswildlyusedinpeople’sdailylife.Wecouldclearlyseethetranslationof“dragon”to“loong”intheNewTestament:

“Andthereappearedanotherwonderinheaven;andbeholdagreatreddragon,havingsevenheadsandtenhorns,andsevencrownsuponhishead”.（Revelation12:

3）天上又出现出异象来。

有一条大红龙，七头十角，七头上戴着七个冠冕。

“Andhistaildrewthethirdpartofthestarsofheaven,anddidcastthemtotheearthandthedragonstoodbeforethewomanwhichwasreadytobedelivered,fortodevourherchildassoonasitwasborn”.（Revelation12:

4）他的尾巴拖拉着天上星辰的三分之一，摔在地上。

龙就站在那将要生产的妇人面前，等他生产之后，要吞吃他的孩子。

“Andtherewaswarinheaven:

Michaelandhisangelsfoughtagainstthedragon;andthedragonfoughtandhisangels”.（Revelation12:

7）在天上就有了争战，米迦勒通他的使者与龙争战。

龙也同他的使者去争战。

“Andthegreatdragonwascastout,thatoldserpent,calledtheDevil,andSatan,whichdeceiveththewholeworld:

hewascastoutintotheearth,andhisangelswerecastoutwithhim”.（Revelation12:

9）大龙就是那古蛇，名叫恶魔，又叫撒旦，是迷惑普天下的。

他被摔在地上，他的使者也一同被摔下去。

“Andwhenthedragonsawthathewascastuntotheearth,hepersecutedthewomanwhichbroughtforththemanchild”.（Revelation12:

13）龙见自己被摔在地上，就逼迫那生男孩的妇人。

“Andtheearthhelpedthewoman;andtheearthopenedhermouth,andswallowedupthefloodwhichthedragoncastoutofhismouth”.（Revelation12:

16）地却帮助妇人，开口吞了从龙口吐出来的水。

（原文作河）

“Andthedragonwaswrothwiththewoman,andwenttomakewarwiththeremnantofherseed,whichkeepthecommandmentsofGod,andhavethetestimonyofJesusChrist”.（Revelation12:

17）龙向妇人发怒，去与他其余的儿女争战，这儿女就是那守神诫命，为耶稣作见证的。

那时龙就站在海边的沙上。

“AndthebeastwhichIsawwaslikeuntoaleopard,andhisfeetwereasthefeetofabear,andhismouthasthemouthofalion:

andthedragongavehimhispower,andhisseat,andgreatauthority”.（Revelation13:

2）我所看见的兽，形状像豹，脚像熊的脚，口像狮子的口。

那龙就将自己的能力，座位和大权柄都给了他。

“Andtheyworshippedthedragonwhichgavepoweruntothebeast:

andtheyworshippedthebeast,saying,whoislikeuntothebeast?

Whoisabletomakewarwithhim?

”（Revelation13:

4）又拜那龙，因为他将自己的权柄给了兽。

也拜兽说，谁能比这兽，谁能与他交战呢？

“AndIbeheldanotherbeastcomingupoutoftheearth;andhehadtwohornslikealamb,andhespakeasadragon”.（Revelation13:

11）我又看见另有一个兽从地中上来。

有两角如同羊羔，说话好像龙。

“AndIsawthreeuncleanspiritslikefrogscomeoutofthemouthofthedragon,andoutofthemouthofthebeast,andoutofthemouthofthefalseprophet”.（Revelation16:

13）我又看见三个污秽的灵，好像青蛙，从龙口兽口并假先知的口中出来。

“Andhelaidholdonthedragon,thatoldserpent,whichistheDevil,andSatan,andboundhimathousandyears”.（Revelation20:

2）他捉住那龙，就是古蛇，又叫恶魔，也叫撒旦，把他捆绑了一千年。

Fromabove,weknowthatintheNewTestament,allof“dragons”weretranslatedinto“loong”.AndinsomewhereofNewTestamentthe“dragon”wastranslatedinto“bigsnake”,perhaps,becauseofthesimilaritybetweensnakeanddragon,andthesimilaritybetweensnakeandloong,whichcausedthewrongtranslation.Underthatcircumstances,chinamasters’abilitywaslimited.Itwasnatureforthemtoignorethedifferenceofculture,anditwasimpossibleforthemtorecognizethefault.So,nowadays,manyamainstreamChinesemedia,book,orperson,whentheydothetranslation,theywouldliketoputthe“loong”into“dragon”inEnglish.InmythesisIwanttocorrectthemisinterpretation.

2.Theimpropertranslationof“loong”to“dragon”

Fromabove,wecanclearlygetthetranslationofabout“dragon”to“loong”.Infact“loong”,however,isakindoftraditionalChinesemythologicalanimalwiththeheadofacamelorhorseorsnake,thehornsofadeer,theeyesofarabbit,theearsofacow,theneckandbodyofasnake,thebellyofakindofhugeclam,thescalesofacarp,theclawsofahawk,thepalmofatiger,whiskersandabeard,bearsthemeaningofbeingimperial,powerful,prosperousandeventalented,etc.Itiswildlyusedinpeople’sdailylife.Butthe“dragon”inthewestcultureisthemythicalbeastusuallyrepresentedasahuge,winged,fire-breathingreptile，andthebaddefinitionsofSatan,devil,vixenandsoon.Fromthedifferentangles,wecanclearlygettheresultthatthisismisinterpretation.Soin2004，MenTean-shan,Taiwanmasterhasputforwardthatwehavetheresponsibitytocorrectthemisinerpretationof“loong”to“dragon”intheChineseversionBible.Ifindthatnowadays,manyamainstreamChinesemedia,book,orperson,whentheydothetranslation,theywouldliketoputthe“loong”into“dragon”inEnglish.Thatcausesthemisunderstandings.Iuse“loong”asatypicalexampletoputforwardtheideathat“dragon”and“loong”aretwototallydifferentideas.Theydonotcorrespondwitheachother.Theyjustalwaysignoretheculturedifferences.Cultureisanextremelycomplexconceptandanenormoussubject.Itembracesalmosteverythingintheworld,whethermaterialorspiritual.Buthowevercomplexculturecanroughlybedividedintothreecategories:

materialculture,whichreferstoalltheproductsofmanufacture;institutionalculturewhichreferstovarioussystemsandthetheoriesthatsupportthem,suchassocialsystems,religioussystems,ritualsystems,educationalsystems,kinshipsystemsandlanguage;andmentalculture,whichreferstopeople'smentalityandbehaviors,theirthoughtpatterns,beliefs,conceptionsofvalue,aesthetictastes.Language,whichpossessesallthefeaturesofculture,belongstoinstitutionalculture.Likeallotheraspectsofculture,languageisnotinheritedbutacquiredandsharedbyawholesociety;likeallotheraspectsofinstitutionalculture,languageisconventionalandgovernedbyruleswhichareacknowledgedandobservedbyallmemoirsofsociety.Languagemirrorsotherpartsofculture,supportsthem,spreadsthemandhelpstodevelopothers.Thisspecialfeatureoflanguagedistinguishesitfromallotherfacetsofcultureandmakesitcruciallyimportantforthetransferofculture.Itisnoexaggerationtosaythatlanguageisthelife-bloodofcultureandthatcultureisthetrackalongwhichlanguageformsanddevelops.

II.LiteratureReview

Thiskindoftranslationof“loong”to“dragon”iscompletelymisinterpretation.Thedifferenceof“loong”and“dragon”comesfromitssource,symbolandmeaning.

1.TheoriginofChinese“loong”

Thereisarecordofabout“loong”inchina.Itissa