主编谈论文写作第二节结构和语言.pdf

主编谈论文写作第二节结构和语言.pdf

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Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsPart2:

StructuringamanuscriptWritingthetextEnglishlanguageNigelJohnCookPreparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsSoyouwanttowriteascientificpaper?

Howdoyoustart?

Firstly,ensureyouhavetimeandresourcestodothejobproperly.Secondly,thinkaboutthescopeofthepaper,itsgoalsandthekindofimpactitislikelytomake.Thirdly,whichjournalmightpublishit?

Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsFourthly,Potentialco-authors?

Fifthly,howdoesthepaperinquestionfitinwithothersyouhavepublishedorplantowriteinthefuture?

Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsBeforestartingtowriteyourmanuscript:

Howwillthispaperimproveunderstandingoftheissue?

Whyisitnecessarytowritethepaper?

ThinkcarefullyaboutwhatyouwanttosayHowcanyoustructurethemanuscriptmosteffectivelytogetthemessageacrosstothereader?

Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsSomeauthorsstartbywritinganoutlinechoosingsectionsandheadingOtherauthorsstartbypreparingthetablesandfigures,structuringthetextaroundthisIfyouhaveco-authors,thewholeteamshouldagreeonacommonapproachthisisespeciallyvalidifdifferentauthorswillcontributedifferentsectionsPreparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsWhenyouhavedecidedhowyouwillstructurethemanuscript,trytofocusondefiningthemaincomponents:

introduction-backgrounddescription-results-interpretations-conclusionsPreparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsTheintroductionmustincludeabriefdescriptionofthescopeofyourwork.Alwaysgive:

1.Thegoalsofyourwork（whatdidyouhopetoachieve?

）2.Indicatewhytheprojectwascarriedout（economicinterest?

）3.AbriefintroductiontocomplementarypublishedworkbyothersthatimpactonyourworkAgoodmanuscriptwillalwayshaveastrongintroductionthatconvincesthereaderthattheauthorknowswhathe/sheistalkingabout,knowswhyhe/sheiswritingthepaperandcontainsasenseofpurpose.Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsCorrectlengthandbalance:

Neverusemorewordstopresentyourstorythanarenecessary.Readjournalguidelines.Ca.40%ofmanuscriptsaretoolonginproportiontotheamountofnewdataandsignificanceoftheconclusions.Ca.40%ofmanuscriptsaretooshort.Theyhaveinsufficientbackgrounddetailtoallowthereadertoevaluateiftheinterpretationsarejustified.Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsMyexperiencewithmanymanuscriptsfromChinaisthatthemanuscriptsaretooshort.Manyauthorsareverykeentopresenttheirnewdata（isotopes,fluidinclusions,agedataetc.）,buttendtoforgetthatthestoryhastobeintroducedfirst（geologicalsetting）.Thedepositunderconsiderationhastobedescribed（withmaps,sections,pictures.）oftenbecausetherearenoEnglish-languagedescriptionsavailable.Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsGivethewholepicture!

Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsAlltextsarecomposedofsentences,paragraphsandsections.AvoidlongandcomplexsentencesAvoidshortparagraphs（ofjust1-2sentences）Breakthemanuscriptintologicalsections,eachwithanappropriate（short）title.Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsAmajorrecurringproblemisthatmanuscriptsmixintroduction（context）description,presentation（ofresults）,interpretation（ofthoseresults）andconclusions（basedonthewholework）.Alwayskeepthemseparateandensurethatthemanuscriptflowslogicallyfromonesectiontothenext.IntroductionDescriptionResultsInterpretation（Discussion）ConclusionsPreparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsThediscussionsectionisoneofthemostimportantpartsofthepaper.Hereiswhereyouwilluseyourdataandobservations,compareitwiththoseofothersandformulateinterpretationsandconclusionsconsistentwiththedata.Question,analyse,compareandaboveall,beconvincing.Donotignoretheworkofothersthatareindisagreementinstead,confrontthemandconvincethereaderthatyouarecorrect.Preparation,submissionandpublishingofscientificmanuscriptsininternationaljournalsConclusionsneedtobesubstantiated-withasmuchevidenceaspossibleandconvincingargumentationAvoidunnecessaryspeculationorconclusionswhichhavenobasisinyourdata/observationsorplausiblereality.Youcanspeculateonpossibleinterpreta