白鲸MobyDick作品分析.ppt

白鲸MobyDick作品分析.ppt

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MobyDick（1851）HermanMelville,HermanMelville（18191891）wasanAmericannovelist,shortstorywriter,essayist,andpoet.AlthoughMelvillehasbeenregardedthroughoutmostofthetwentiethcenturyasoneofAmericasmostpowerfulliteraryartists,particularlyforhismasterpieceMoby-Dick,hewaslargelyunrecognizedinhislifetime.,AboutTheAuthor,MobyDickTypeofwork:

symbolicworkFirstpublication:

1851Setting:

Mostofthebooktakesplaceonvariousoceans,suchastheAtlantic,theIndian,andthePacific,intheearlytomid1800s.However,agooddealofthefirstpartofthenoveltakesplaceinNewEnglandinsideandaroundNantucket.,MainCharactersIshmael（以实玛利）thenarrator,alsoamemberofthecrewoftheWhalerPequod.Ahab（亚哈伯）theegomaniacal（自大疯狂的）captainoftheWhalerPequod.MobyDickthegreatwhitewhale.Starbuckthefirstmate（大副）ofthePequod.Queequeg（标枪手魁魁格）StarbucksskilledharpoonerandIshmaelsbestfriend.,Pequodwhaleship,MobyDick,Ishmael,thenarrator,havinglittlemoneyandfindinglifeonshoregrim,decidestogotosea.HesignsaboardthewhalingshipnamedPequod.Itscaptain,Ahab,isatall,broadmanseeminglymadeofbronze.Hehasawhiteleg,madefromthejawofaspermwhale,becausehisownlegistornawaybyMobyDickahugewhitewhale.,PlotSummary,AfterloosinghislegheisdeterminedtopursueMobyDickandkillit.Hehangsadoubloononthemastasarewardforanyonewhosightsthewhitewhalefirst.Eventuallythewhitewhaleappears，andthePequodbeginsitsdoomedfightagainstit.,Onthefirstdaythewhalesmashesawhaleboat.Thesecondday，anotherboatisswamped，thecaptainsivorylegissnappedoff.Whenthethirddaycomes,Ahabandhiscrewmanagetoharpoonthewhale,butitcarriesthePequodalongwithittoitsdoom.AllonboardgetdownedexpectIshmael,whoisrescuedbyanotherwhalerandsurvivestotellthestory.,Plot,IshmaelyearnsforawhalingadventureMeetsQueequegSignwiththewhaleshipPequodCaptainAhabappearsOnlypurposeofAhabiskillingMobyDickStarbuckargueswithAhabSeveralsinisteromensappearFindMobyDickTwofightsbetweenMobyDick&thecrewFirstone:

MobyDickescapesSecondone:

AllthecrewdieexceptIshmael,MeaningsofMobyDicktotheCharactersFirst,astoCaptainAhab,MobyDickisevil,istheonehewantstotakerevengeon,anditishisswornenemy.AhabvowedtoavengeandkillMobyDickforrippinghisleg,soheconsideredMobyDickashisaimofconquest.HeheatMobyDick,thinkofitnothingbuttheembodimentofevil,itmakeshimfurious,painful,andmessedupallhislife.InordertochaseandhuntdownMobyDick,Ahababandonedhisfamily,evensacrificedallsailorslife.ToAhab,MobyDickistheevilhemustdefeatanddestroy.,Second,astothefirstmateStarbuck,MobyDickisthesymbolofthepowerofjuggernaut.HeisclearthatMobyDickisnotanormalwhaleasthosetheyhadmet,itcandestroytheshipandkillallpeopleontheship.HetriedtopersuadeCaptainAhabtogiveupchasingMobyDick,buthefailed.Thoughhepredictedtheirtragicfate,hecandonothingtostopit.Therefore,inStarbuckseyes,MobyDickisahorribleguillotine.,Third,astothesecondmateStubb,MobyDickisagoodchanceforhimtomakeprofit.Inthattime,blubber,spermacetiandwhaleboneplayaveryimportantroleinpeoplesdailylife,sowhalingwaslucrativeandbecametheeconomicpillarindustries.SoastoStubb,MobyDickishistooltomakemoney.,Lastly,astoIshmael,MobyDickisthesymbolofnature.Inthe42chapter,IshmaelthinksthatthewhitenessofMobyDickisthepresentfromnature.InIshmaelseyes,MobyDickisbothgorgeousandevil.Itcanbepeaceful,kindandbeautiful,however,italsocanbebrutal,cruelandcrazy.Likehiswhiteness,itsnotonlythesymbolofpurityandinnocencebutalsothesymbolofdeathandevil.,MeaningsofMobyDicktoReadersAstoMelville,MobyDickisthesymbolofnature,oneofthemostcommoninterpretationsofthewhaleisinitscomparisonstonature.Melvilledepictsthewhaleasbeinggracefulandpeacefulinitsnaturalhabitat,muchlikenatureingeneral.Heshowsthatwhenanoutsideforceinterruptsthetruecourseofnature,itcanresultinviolenceandunexpectedactionsofeitherofthetwo.Thewhaleisalsosimilartonatureinthatitisboundbynaturallaws,butthatwithintheselawstheyarecapableofbeingpowerfulandimmortal,atthesametimebeingtemperateandpeaceful.,Symbolism,ThelandTheseaThePequodThevoyageAhabAhabsPipeStarbuckTheDoubloonQueequegsCoffinMobyDick,Land:

asymbolfsafetySea:

asymbolofadventureanddangerThePequod:

asymbolofthehumanworldThevoyage:

tendstoimplythevogageofmindsearchingfortruthandknowledgeoftheforcesworkingintheuniversethatcontrolmenandtheirdestiny.,Starbuck:

asymbolofgoodandnoble.theDoubloon:

asymbolofthelureofevilandtheenticementstogreedAhab:

asymbolofsolipsism,revengeandthenevilAhabsPipe:

ThepipethatCaptainAhabsmokesthroughoutthevoyagerepresentshappinessinAhabslife.OncehetossesitovertheedgeoftheshipinhispursuittofindMobyDick,allhishappinessislost.,QueequegsCoffinQueequegscoffinalternatelysymbolizeslifeanddeath.Queequeghasitbuiltwhenheisseriouslyill,butwhenherecovers,itbecomesachesttoholdhisbelongingsandanemblemofhiswilltolive.Heperpetuatestheknowledgetattooedonhisbodybycarvingitontothecoffinslid.Thecoffinfurthercomestosymbolizelife,inamorbidway,whenitreplacesthePequodslifebuoy.WhenthePequodsinks,thecoffinbecomesIshmaelsbuoy,savingnotonlyhislifebutthelifeofthenarrativethathewillpasson.,MobyDick,ametaphorforthehumangralationshipwiththeChristainGod:

Godisunknownandcannotbepinneddown,MobyDickpossessesvarioussymbolicmeaningsforvariousindividuals.

（1）Symbolofnatureforhumanbeings,becauseitismysterious,powerful,unknown.

（2）SymbolofevilfortheCaptainAhab.（3）Symbolofgoodandpuritybecauseofitswhiteness.,MobyDick,THEMES,Searchfortruth:

Thestorydealswiththehumanpursuitoftruthandthemeaningofexistence.ConflictbetweenGoodandEvil.ConflictbetweenManandNature.Isolationbetweenmanandman;manandnature;manandsociety.Solipsism（唯我论）.,WritingStyle,

（1）Hisworksaresymbolicandmetaphorical.,voyage-searchanddiscovery,thesearchfortheultimatetruthofexperience.,thePequod-theshipoftheAmericansoul,MobyDick-asymbolof,evil,goodness,both,itswhiteness-paradoxicalcolor,deathandcorruption,purity,innocence,andyouth,

（2）Hemanagestoachievetheeffectofambiguitythroughemployingthetechniqueofmultipleviewofhisnarratives.,MobyDickisportrayedforthereaderfromdifferentangles.Theauthorisunwillingnesstocommithimself,andthereaderisthrownuponhimselfforjudgement.,（3）Hetendstowriteperiodicchapters（掉尾章的手法）.thelastparagraphofchapteronepullingallthingintoonesentenceisagoodillustrationinpoint.,