初中英语宾语从句讲解练习与答案.docx

初中英语宾语从句讲解练习与答案.docx

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初中英语宾语从句讲解练习与答案

宾语从句讲与练

（一）宾语从句的种类

宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。

根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。

结构：

主语+谓语+宾语（陈述句语序）【注意：

1~引导词.that2~语序v.+主+谓由if、whether引导宾语从句3~时态：

A.主句---现在时从句---任一时态】

1.由that引导的宾语从句。

that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语

和非正式文体中可以省略。

例如：

Hesaid（that）hewantedtostayathome.

Shedoesn’tknow（that）sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure（that）hewillsucceed.

2.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。

这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。

例如：

Doyouknowwho（whom）theyarewaitingfoe?

Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.

CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?

Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.

3.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。

if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。

例如：

Iwanttoknowif（whether）helivesthere.

Heaskedmewhether（if）Icouldhelphim.

一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether

①在不定式前：

Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.

②在介词前：

Itdependson（依靠）whetheritisgoingtorain.

③与ornot连用：

Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.

语法点：

由if或whether引导的宾语从句

词汇：

if,whether,ask,wonder,know,…

句型：

…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wantstoknow/wantedtoknowif/whether…

前后桌同学之间开展采访活动，然后同桌交流采访结果。

如：

—Whodidyouinterview?

—IinterviewedBill.

—Whatdidyouaskhim?

—Iaskedhimifhealwaysobeyedtheschoolrules.

—…

（二）宾语从句的语序

宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。

例如：

Ihear（that）physicsisn’teasy.

Ithink（that）youwilllikethisschoolsoon.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?

Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.

（三）宾语从句的时态

1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。

如：

Idon’tthink（that）youareright.

Pleasetelluswhereheis.

CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?

2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。

例如：

Heaskedwhattimeitwas.

Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.

HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.

HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.

3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。

例如：

OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.

Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.

不省略引导词that

当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时；

当宾语从句较长时；

当主语状语置于主句尾，宾语从句之前时；

当主语谓语动词（包括非谓语动词）与宾语从句之间有插入语时；

当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时，此时第一个that可以省略，第二个that不可以省略；

当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时；

当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时；

当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时；

当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时；

当宾语从句有it做其先行词时；

在直接引语中，转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.

当that在从句中充当主语时

典型例题【中考链接】

1.YourT-shirtissocool.Couldyoutellme________?

A.whereyoubuyitB.wheredoyoubuyit

C.whereyouboughtitD.wheredidyoubuyit

2.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_____IcangettotheSpaceMuseum?

--Ofcourse.YoucantakebusNo.1.

A.whereB.howC.ifD.why

3.—Doyouknow________thenewmobilephonelastweek?

--Maybe900yuan.I’mnotquitesure.A.howmuchshepaidfor

B.howmuchwillshepayforC.howmuchdidshepayfor

4.MichaelJordanhasfailedoverandoveragaininhislife.Andthat’s____hesucceeds.A.whatB.whenC.whyD.where

5.AliceinWonderlandisafantasticmovie.It’sabout______.

A.howdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror（恐怖统治）

B.whatdidAliceendtheRedQueen’sreignofterror

C.howAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror

D.whatAliceendedtheRedQueen’sreignofterror

6.—Doyouknow________thegirlinredis?

—I’mnotsure.Maybeateacher.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what

7.—Whatdidyourparentsthankaboutyourdecision?

--Theyalwaysletmedo_______IthinkIshould.

A.whenB.thatC.howD.what

8.Iwanttoknow________.

A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport

C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat

9.--Wouldyoupleasetellme__________?

--At10:

00thisevening.A.whenwillthetrainleave

B.whenthetrainwillleaveC.whendoesthetrainleave

10.—Couldyoutellme________?

--FillinthisformandIwillgiveyouacard.

A.howIcanmeetCathyB.whereIcanmeetCathyC.whenIcanmeetCathy

11.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?

-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how

12.-Tommy,doyouknowifFrank________tothezoothisSundayifit________?

-Sorry,Ihavenoidea.A.willgo;isfineB.goes;isfine

C.willgo;isgoingtobefineD.goes;willbefine

13.Noonecanbesure_________inamillionyears.

A.whatmanlookslikeB.whatwillmanlooklike

C.whatmanlookedlikeD.whatmanwilllooklike

14.Suetoldmethatshe_________shoppingwithhersisterthenextday.

A.willgoB.wouldgoC.goesD.hasgone

15.Thenew-designedcarisonshownow.Iwonder______.A.howmuchitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostsD.howmuchdoesitcost

16.-Whendoyouthink____?

-Abouthalfpastfive.Iwillpickhimupattheairport.

A.hewillcomeB.willhecomeC.didhecomeD.hecame

17.Ourteachertoldusthesun________intheeast.

A.riseB.roseC.risingD.rises

18.--Listen!

 It is still noisyin thehead teacher’soffice.

-Go and see________theyhavefinished correcting thepapersyet.

A.though B.whetherC.unless D.while

19.-WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?

-Sorry.Idon’tknow________.

A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad

C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad

20.–Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?

-I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how

一、习题练习

1.Doyouknow_______duringthecomingsummerholiday?

D.whatTomdid

A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldo

2.Iwanttoknow_________.A.whatishisname

B.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis

3.Doyouknow________Icouldpasstheexam?

A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which

4.Jimdoesn’tunderstand____________.

A.whichisthewaytothemuseumB.whyhiswifealwaysgoesshopping

C.whatisthewaytothemuseumD.whydoesshealwaysgoshopping

5.---Couldyoutellme______sheislookingfor?

A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.Which答案一.1.C2.D3.B4.B5.C

二.根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子

4.请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？

Couldyoutellme_______IcangettotheBellTower?

5.父亲说他买了一台新电脑。

Fathersaidthathe________________anewcomputer..

6.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。

Iwanttoknow_________thereisatraintoBeijing.

7.你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？

Doyouknow_____________adoubleroom______?

9.叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。

Unclesaidthathe_____________anewnovel.

10.杰克说他有重要事情要做。

Jacksaidhe_______somethingimportanttodo.

答案：

二.4.how5.hadbought6.if（whether）7.howmuch9.waswriting10.had

典型例题：

1C2B3A4C5C6D7D8A9B10A11B12A

13D14B15C16A17D18B19D20B

二、选择填空。

（）1.WhatdidMikesay?

Hesaid____________________.

A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasit

C.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring

（）2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.

A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoon

C.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry

（）3.Letmetellyou__________________.

A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcost

C.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar

（）4.Peterknew_______________.

A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebook

B.whytheboyhadsomanyquestions

C.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis

（）5.Couldyoutellme___________?

A.wheredoyoulive　B.whoyouarewaitingfor

C.whowereyouwaitingfor D.whereyoulivein

答案：

1—5:

DDDBB

一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。

1．TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.

Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.

2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.

Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.

3．Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.

Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.

4．CantheyspeakFrench?

Iwanttoknow.

Iwanttoknow___________________________French.

5．Arethechildrenplayinggames?

Tellme.

Tellme______thechildren____________games.

6．Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?

Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.

Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang____________________homeworkyet.

7．Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?

Whoknows?

Whoknows_______________________________inthepicture?

8．Wheredidsheparkhercar?

Doyouknow?

Doyouknow______________hercar?

9．Whatdoesheoftentalkabout?

Thegirlwondered.

Thegirlwondered__________often________about.

10．Whoknockedatthedoorsoloudly?

Idon’tknow.

Idon’tknow___________atthedoorsoloudly.

参考答案：

一、1.that,were2.that,travels3.that,wouldbe4.if/whethertheycanspeak5.if/whether,areplaying6.if/whetherhehadfinishedhis7.howmanypeopleyoucansee8.wheresheparked9.whathe,talked10.whoknocked

【宾语从句歌诀】

宾语从句三姊妹，that，if/whether，wh-/how展风采。

展风采有三关，引导词、语序、时态在把关。

主从时态要一致，陈述语序永不变。

陈述请你选that，疑问需用if/whether连。

特殊问句作宾从，原来问词不用换。

三关过后莫得意，人称、标点需注意。

留意变脸的if/when，从句的简化记心间。

【歌诀解码】

一、三姊妹宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：

1.由that引导的宾语从句。

如

Weknew（that）weshouldlearnfromeachother.

2.由if/whether引导的宾语从句。

如

Pleasetellmeif/whetheryouhavebeentoAmerica.

3.由who，where，how等连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。

如：

CanyoutellmehowIcangettothenearestpostoffice?

二、三关

1.引导词关

如果从句是陈述句，引导词用that（that在口语或非正式文体中常省略）；如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；如果从句是特殊疑问句，引导词用由疑问词转换而来的疑问代词/副词。

2.语序关

①陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。

如：

Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.

→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.

②一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。

如：

Doesheworkhard?

Iwonder.→Iwonderif/whetherheworkshard.

Whendidheleave?

Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.

3.时态关

①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。

如：

Ihaveheard（that）hewillcomebacknextweek.

②如果主句是过去的某种时态