关于移动支付过去现状未来的文献综述外文翻译.docx

关于移动支付过去现状未来的文献综述外文翻译.docx

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关于移动支付过去现状未来的文献综述外文翻译

毕业论文（设计）外文翻译

一、外文原文

标题：

Past，presentandfutureofmobilepaymentsresearch:

Aliteraturereview

原文：

Themobilepaymentservicesmarketsarecurrentlyundertransitionwithahistoryofnumeroustriedandfailedsolutions,andafutuofpromisingbutyetuncertainpossibilitieswithpotentialnewtechnologyinnovations.Atthispointofthedevelopment,wetakealookatthecurrentstateofthemobilepaymentservicesmarketfromaliteraturereviewperspective.Wereviewpriorliteratureonmobpayments,analyzethevariousfactorsthatimpactmobilepaymentservicesmarkets,andsuggestdirectionsforfutureresearchinthestillemergingfield.Tofacilitatetheanalysisofliterature,weproposeaframeworkoffourcontingencyandfivecompetitiveforcefactorandorganizethemobilepaymentresearchundertheproposedframework.Consumerperspectiveofmobilepaymentsaswellastechnicsecurityandtrustarebestcoveredbycontemporaryresearch.Theimpactsofsocialandculturalfactorsonmobilepayments,aswellcomparisonsbetweenmobileandtraditionalpaymentservicesareentirelyuninvestigatedissues.Mostofthefactorsoutlinedbyframeworkhavebeenaddressedbyexploratoryandearlyphasestudies.

Mobilephoneshavetransformedtelephonyprofoundly.Theyareequippedwithfunctionalitieswhichsurpasstelephonyneeds,andwhichinspirethedevelopmentofvalue-addedmobileservices,theuseofmobilephonesasaccessdevices,andmobilecommerceingeneral.Thenumberofmobilephonesinusefarexceedsanyothertechnicaldevicesthatcouldbeusedtomarket,sell,produce,ordeliverproductsandservicestoconsumers.Thesedevelopmentsopenlucrativeopportunitiestomerchantsandserviceproviders.

Purchasedproductsandserviceshavetobepaidfor.Initially,fixed-linetelephonybillingsystemsweremodifiedtochargemobiletelephony.Later,mobiletelephonybillingsystemswereintroduced,andusedalsotochargevariousmobileserviceswhensuchservicesemerged.Yet,paymentsbasedonbillingsystemshaveseverallimitations.Theseincludecomparativelyhighpaymenttransactionfees,merchantandserviceprovidercomplaintsaboutunfairrevenuesharing,andthenecessitytoprovisionservicestobillingsystems[66,80].Insomeareas,suchastheEuropeanUnion,creditedpaymentservicestothirdpartiesrequirea（limited）creditinstitutionlicense.Thelackofsuitablepay-mentinstrumentshasforalongtimebeenregardedasafactorthathampersthedevelopmentofmobilecommerce.

Mobilepaymentsarepaymentsforgoods,services,andbillswithamobiledevice（suchasamobilephone,smart-phone,orpersonaldigitalassistant（PDA））bytakingadvantageofwirelessandothercommunicationtechnologies.Mobiledevicescanbeusedinavarietyofpaymentscenarios,suchaspaymentfordigitalcontent（e.g.,ringtones,logos,news,music,orgames）,tickets,parkingfeesandtransportfares,ortoaccesselectronicpaymentservicestopaybillsandinvoices.Paymentsforphysicalgoodsarealsopossible,bothatvendingandticketingmachines,andatmannedpoint-of-sale（POS）terminals.

Amobilepaymentiscarriedoutwithamobilepaymentinstrumentsuchamobilecreditcardoramobilewallet.Inadditiontopuremobilepaymentinstruments,mostelectronicandmanyphysicalpaymentinstrumentshavebeenmobilized.Furthermore,mobilepayments,asallotherpayments,fallbroadlyintotwocategories:

paymentsfordailypurchases,andpaymentsofbills（creditedpayments）.Forpurchases,mobilepaymentscomplementorcompetewithcash,cheques,creditcards,anddebitcards.Forbills,mobilepaymentstypicallyprovideaccesstoaccount-basedpaymentinstrumentssuchasmoneytransfers,Internetbankingpayments,directdebitassignments,orelectronicinvoiceacceptance.

Intheearly2000s,mobilepaymentservicesbecameahottopicandremainedsoevenaftertheburstoftheInternethype.Hundredsofmobilepaymentservices,includingaccesstoelectronicpaymentsandInternetbanking,wereintroducedallovertheworld.Strikinglymanyoftheseortsfailed.Forexample,most,ifnotall,ofthedozensofmobilepaymentservicesavailableinEUcountriesandlistedintheePSOdatabasein2002[5]havebeendiscontinued.Tofacilitatethedevelopmentofbettermobilepaymentservices,itisimportanttounderstandthelessonsofhishistorybylearningwhatpreviousstudieshavediscoveredaboutmobilepaymentsandaboutthemobilepaymentservicesmarkets,aswellaswhatissueshaveremainedunanswered.

Theaimofthispaperistosummarizefindingsfrompastmobilepaymentsresearch,andtosuggestpromisingdirectionsforfutureresearch.Thereareanumberoffactorsthathighlightthesignificanceandusefulnessofsuchaliteraturereview.Firstly,thefieldhasseenagrowingnumberofpublications,yetathoroughreviewofexistingworkismissing.Thelackofpublishedliteraturereviewsimpedestheprogressinthefield;reviewarticlesarecriticaltostrengtheninganareaasafieldofstudy[88].Secondly,researchsofarseemsfragmented,andlacksaroadmaporanagenda.Reviewingexistingliteraturenotonlyleadstoabetterunderstandingofthestateoftheresearchinthefield,butitalsodiscernspatternsinthedevelopmentofthefielditself.Finally,asynthesisofexistingfindingsallowsresearchersnottorepeatsimilarwork,anddiscoverimportantgaps.Inotherwords,itclosesareaswhereaplethoraofresearchalreadyexists,andatthesametimeuncoversthoseareaswhereresearchislacking[88].

Anothercontributionofthisliteraturereviewistheproposedtheoreticalframework,aroundwhichthereviewisorganized.WebsterandWatson[88]recommendthatthebestreviewsneedtobeconceptuallystructured,andbasedonaguidingtheory.Ourframeworkprovidesaguidingstructurethatallowsustoeffectivelyaccumulateknowledge,andtointerpretpreviousfindings.Becausetheframeworkitselfaimstoexplainrelevantfactorsinthemobilepaymentservicesmarket,basingtheliteraturereviewontheframeworkensuresthatthereviewiscomprehensiveandholistic,andrevealsresearchgapsthatcouldotherwisebeoverlooked.Theframeworknotonlyhelpstoexplaintheexistingbodyofknowledgeoneachfactoroftheframework,but,moreimportantly,italsoprovidesanoverviewofthemobilepaymentservicesmarket,illustratinghowthevariousperspectivesandresearchfindingsfittogetheraspartofthebigpicture.

Theframeworkusedforthereviewofliteratureappliestwoguidingtheories.TheyarethefiveforcesmodeldevelopedbyPorter[68],andthegenericcontingencytheorywhichemergedfromtheworkofLawrenceandLorchPerrowandThompson[81].Theframeworkisusedtoclassifypastresearch,toanalyzeresearchfindingsofclassifiedstudies,andtoproposemeaningfulresearchquestionsforfutureresearchforeachfactor.

Theprimeactorsinthemobilepaymentservicesmarketaremobilepaymentserviceprovidersandtheircustomers.Variouspartiesassumingtheserolesinthemarketincludeconsumers,merchants,financialinstitutionsandtelecomoperators.Additionalparties,typicallyvendorsofhandsets,software,networksandothertechnologiesmayalsobeinvolved.Thepowerandtheinterestsofthesepartiesimpacthowtechnologiesandotherresourcesareorchestratedintomobilepaymentservices,andhowtheseservicesareoredtoandusedbythemarket.Moreover,mobilepaymentservicescompetefortheattentionofcustomersandotherpartiesagainstphysicalandelectronicpaymentservices.Mobilepaymentservicesareanaturalchoicetopayformobileservices.Yet,tosucceed,mobilepaymentservicesmayhavetoofferaddedvalueandbeavailableforotherrelevantpaymentenvironmentsaswell.

Porter’s[68]competitivefactorsstrategymodel,orthefiveforcesmodel,describesboththekeyroleofamobilepaymentserviceprovider,andothermarketfactors.Themodelappliesinsightsfromindustrialorganizationtheorytoanalyzethecompetitiveenvironmentonthelevelofbusinessunits[3],andrelatestheaverageprofitabilityoftheparticipantsinanindustrytocompetitiveforces[30].Thebasicpropositionisthatorganizationalperformancemainlydependsontheindustrystructure.AccordingtoPearceandRobinson[65]andJohnson[29],thestrengthsofPorter’smodelarethatitprovidesonesimpleapproachtoanalyzeindustrystructure,identifyanddeterminetheattractivenessofanindustry,revealinsightsonprofitability,informimportantdecisionsaboutwhethertoleaveorenterindustriesorsectors,anddevelopstrategicoptionstoimproverelativeperformanceintheindustryorinfluencerelativepositionintheindustry.Asoneofthemostinfluentialmanagementtoolsforstrategicindustryanalysis[3],themodelhasbeenappliedbynumerouspractitionersandacademics[30].Theaboveargumentssuggestthatthemodeliswellsuitedtoguidetheclassificationofliteratureonthemobilepaymentsservicesmarkets.

Inadditiontothecompetitiveforceswithinthemobilepaymentsservicesmarkets,otherfactorsarebelievedtoimpactthesemarketsaswell,forexample,technologyandstandards,regulatoryactivitiesandlegislation,establishedpurchaseandpaymenthabits,ornationaleconomyinfrastructures.Ifweregardamobilepaymentservicesmarketastheunitofanalysis（organization）,theseotherfactorsbecomecontingencyfactors,whichinfluencetheperformanceoftheunitbutarebeyondtheinfluenceandcontrolofthatunit,asdefinedinthecontingencytheory.Contingencytheorythereforeisalsowellsuitedtoclassifymobilepaymentsresearchandtocapturetheenvironmentalfactorswhicharecharacteristictothemobilepaymentservicesmarkets.

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