土木工程专业英语期末复习题学习资料.docx

土木工程专业英语期末复习题学习资料.docx

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土木工程专业英语期末复习题学习资料

《专业英语》复习题

一、选择题

1.civilengineeringdealtwithpermanentstructuresfor（civilian）use,whereasmilitaryengineeringdealtwithtemporarystructuresformilitaryuse

2.attentionmust（bepaidto）theworkingtemperatureofthemachine.

3.diplomaticrelations（havebeenestablished）betweenchinaandtheunitedstatesofAmerica

4.adirectcurrentisacurrent（flowing）alwaysinthesamedirection.

5.it’sourdutyto（complywith）thespecification.

6.doseyourshop（supply）rebar?

7.neitherInorhe（is）fondofmusic.

8.the（above-mentioned）cements（水泥）arewidelyusedontheconstructionsite.

9.theproductionofsteelhasbeenincreased（by）70%.

10.ifthegardenisbig,somefloodlightscanbe（installed）.

11.（wherever）yougo,youcanseemanybuildings.

12.dams,（bridge）,watersupplysystems,andotherlargeprojectsordinarilyemployseveralengineerstoworktogether.

13.thebiggerquantityyouorder,（theloweruntilcostyouwillbeoffered）.

14.inmodernroadconstructions,powerfulmodernmachinesareemployedtomovemountainsandfillvalleystomakethe（surfaces）asdirectaspossible.

15.besidesitsabilitytosustainloads,concreteisalsorequiredtobe（durable）.

16.tensilefailureof（reinforced）concretehappenseasilyandinvolvesprogressivemicro-cracking.

17.concreteis（inherently）aporousmaterial（多孔材料）

18.–mayIuseyourbikeforamoment?

--（byallmeans）（一定，务必）

19.conclusionscanbe（drawn）fromtheabovediscussion.

20.it’sasmallcountry,yethasalotof（potential）resources.

21.aperson’scalorierequirementsvary（throughout）

22.thereisacomputersyetem（withwhich）thecompanyisexperiencingproblems.

23.usuallythereis（less）trafficinthestreetsonweekdaythanonSundays.

24.Thethieftriedtoopenthelockeddoorbut（invain）

25.crackswouldnotonlybeunsightlybutwould（expose）thesteelbarstocorrosionbymoistureandotherchemicalaction.

26.（havingpacked）theirluggage,thetouristshurriedtotheairport.

27.generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewould（leadto）considerablebenefitsforthecountry’shealth,wealthandsecurity.

28.”youareveryselfish,it’shightimeyou（realized）thatyouarenotthemostimportantpersonintheworld,”edgarsaidtohisbossangrily.

29.（evenif）thecalculationisright,scientistscanneverbesurethattheyhaveincludeallvariablesandmodeledaccurately.

30.rememberthatcustomersdon’t（bargain）aboutpricesinthecity.

二、词组互译

1.tensilestrength抗拉强度：

2.compressivestrength抗压强度

3.constructionengineering建筑工程

4.reinforcedconcrete钢筋混凝土

5.rawmaterial原材料

6.civilengineers土木工程师

7.assemblagetechnology装配技术

8.simplysupportedbeam简支梁

9.continuousbeam连续梁

10.framingmember框架构件

11.bendingstrength抗弯强度

12.shearingstrength抗剪强度

13.billofquantities工程量清单

14.estimatedcost预算成本

15.thecolumn-diagonaltrusstube对顶柱桁架筒体

16.cashflow现金流动

17.three-dimensional三维的

18.Englishforspecializedscienceandtechnology专业外语

19.geotechnicalengineering岩土工程

20.foundationsettlement地基沉降

21.fundamentalassumption基本假设

22.bendingmoment弯曲力矩

23.shearstress剪应力，剪切应力

24.normalstress正应力，法向应力

25.onschedule按时

26.beinequilibriumwith与···平衡

27.horizontalplane水平面

28.verticalplane垂直面

29.soilmechanics土力学

30.aerialphotographs航空摄影

31.sanitaryengineering卫生工程

32.detrimentalagents有害因素

33.jointaction联合作用

34.deformedbars变形钢筋

35.currentsituation（presentsituation）现状

36.positivesequence正序

37.negativesequence逆序（负序）

38.fabricationplant加工厂（加工设备）

39.financialbudget财政预算

40.divideby除以

41.inchargeof负责（主管）

42.takeaccountof考虑到，顾及

43.spectacularachievements惊人的成就

44.ultrahigh-risebuildings超高层建筑

45.terminatecontract解除合同（终止合同）

46.spandrelbeams外墙托梁

47.encroachon侵占，蚕食

48.intersectsurfaces相交曲面

49.bundled-tubestructures束筒结构

50.takedeliveryof取货，提货

三、翻译句子

1.Thetermcivilengineeringoriginallycameintousetodistinguishitfrommilitaryengineering.

土木工程这个术语起初是用来与军事工程相区别的，土木工程处理的是民用的永久性建筑结构，而军事工程则是主要负责处理临时性的军用建筑。

2.Greaterheightentailsincreasedcolumnandbeamsizestomakebuildingsmorerigidsothatunderwindloadtheywillnotswaybeyondanacceptablelimit.

更多的高度需要增加柱和梁的尺寸来使建筑物的刚性更强，以使它们在风荷载作用下在容许范围内摆动。

3.Structuralsystemsofreinforcedconcreteaswellassteel,takefulladvantageoftheinherentpotentialstiffnessofthetotalbuildingandthereforedonotrequireadditionalstiffeningtolimitthesway.

钢筋混凝土个钢结构系统充分利用了整个建筑的固有的潜在的刚度，因此不需要额外的加强材料来限制倾斜。

4.Thetubestructuralsystemwasdevelopedforimprovingtheresistancetolateralforcesandthecontrolofdriftinhigh-risebuilding.

筒体结构体系的发展是为了提高高层建筑抵抗侧向力和飘移的能力。

薄壳筒体使筒体结构体系又向前迈进了一步。

5.Withthecontinuingneedforlargerandtallerbuildings,theframedtubeorthecolumn-diagonaltrusstablemaybeusedinabundledform