土木工程专业英语期末复习题学习资料.docx

1、土木工程专业英语期末复习题学习资料 专业英语复习题一、选择题1. civil engineering dealt with permanent structures for (civilian) use, whereas military engineering dealt with temporary structures for military use2. attention must (be paid to) the working temperature of the machine.3. diplomatic relations (have been established) be

2、tween china and the united states of America4. a direct current is a current (flowing) always in the same direction.5. its our duty to (comply with) the specification.6. dose your shop (supply) rebar ?7. neither I nor he (is) fond of music.8. the (above-mentioned)cements(水泥) are widely used on the c

3、onstruction site.9. the production of steel has been increased (by) 70%.10. if the garden is big, some floodlights can be (installed).11. (wherever) you go, you can see many buildings.12. dams, (bridge), water supply systems, and other large projects ordinarily employ several engineers to work toget

4、her.13. the bigger quantity you order,(the lower until cost you will be offered).14. in modern road constructions, powerful modern machines are employed to move mountains and fill valleys to make the (surfaces) as direct as possible.15. besides its ability to sustain loads, concrete is also required

5、 to be (durable).16. tensile failure of (reinforced) concrete happens easily and involves progressive micro-cracking.17. concrete is (inherently) a porous material (多孔材料)18. may I use your bike for a moment?-(by all means)(一定，务必)19.conclusions can be (drawn) from the above discussion.20.its a small

6、country, yet has a lot of (potential) resources.21.a persons calorie requirements vary (throughout)22.there is a computer syetem (with which) the company is experiencing problems.23. usually there is (less) traffic in the streets on weekday than on Sundays.24. The thief tried to open the locked door

7、 but (in vain)25. cracks would not only be unsightly but would (expose) the steel bars to corrosion by moisture and other chemical action.26.(having packed) their luggage, the tourists hurried to the airport.27.generous public funding of basic science would (lead to) considerable benefits for the co

8、untrys health,wealth and security.28.”you are very selfish,its high time you (realized) that you are not the most important person in the world,” edgar said to his boss angrily.29.(even if) the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have include all variables and modeled accura

9、tely.30.remember that customers dont (bargain) about prices in the city. 二、词组互译1. tensile strength 抗拉强度：2. compressive strength 抗压强度3. construction engineering 建筑工程4. reinforced concrete 钢筋混凝土5. raw material 原材料6. civil engineers 土木工程师7. assemblage technology 装配技术8. simply supported beam 简支梁9. conti

10、nuous beam 连续梁10. framing member 框架构件11. bending strength 抗弯强度12. shearing strength 抗剪强度13. bill of quantities 工程量清单14. estimated cost 预算成本15. the column-diagonal truss tube 对顶柱桁架筒体16. cash flow 现金流动17. three-dimensional 三维的18. English for specialized science and technology 专业外语19. geotechnical engi

11、neering 岩土工程20. foundation settlement 地基沉降21. fundamental assumption 基本假设22. bending moment 弯曲力矩23. shear stress 剪应力，剪切应力24. normal stress 正应力，法向应力25. on schedule 按时26. be in equilibrium with 与平衡27. horizontal plane 水平面28. vertical plane 垂直面29. soil mechanics 土力学30. aerial photographs 航空摄影31. sanita

12、ry engineering 卫生工程32. detrimental agents 有害因素33. joint action 联合作用34. deformed bars 变形钢筋35. current situation(present situation) 现状36. positive sequence 正序37. negative sequence 逆序（负序）38. fabrication plant 加工厂（加工设备）39. financial budget 财政预算40. divide by 除以41. in charge of 负责（主管）42. take account of 考

13、虑到，顾及43. spectacular achievements 惊人的成就44. ultrahigh-rise buildings 超高层建筑45. terminate contract 解除合同（终止合同）46. spandrel beams 外墙托梁47. encroach on 侵占，蚕食48. intersect surfaces 相交曲面49. bundled-tube structures 束筒结构50. take delivery of 取货，提货三、翻译句子1. The term civil engineering originally came into use to d

14、istinguish it from military engineering . 土木工程这个术语起初是用来与军事工程相区别的，土木工程处理 的是民用的永久性建筑结构，而军事工程则是主要负责处理临时性的军用建筑。2. Greater height entails increased column and beam sizes to make buildings more rigid so that under wind load they will not sway beyond an acceptable limit. 更多的高度需要增加柱和梁的尺寸来使建筑物的刚性更强，以使它们在风荷载作

15、用下在容许范围内摆动。3. Structural systems of reinforced concrete as well as steel,take full advantage of the inherent potential stiffness of the total building and therefore do not require additional stiffening to limit the sway. 钢筋混凝土个钢结构系统充分利用了整个建筑的固有的潜在的刚度，因此不需要额外的加强材料来限制倾斜。4. The tube structural system was developed for improving the resistance to lateral forces and the control of drift in high-rise building. 筒体结构体系的发展是为了提高高层建筑抵抗侧向力和飘移的能力。薄壳筒体使筒体结构体系又向前迈进了一步。5. With the continuing need for larger and taller buildings,the framed tube or the column-diagonal truss table may be used in a bundled form