英语中考英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析.docx

英语中考英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析.docx

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英语中考英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

   In1845,adeadlydiseasestruckthefarmsofIreland,killingalltheLumperpotatoplants.Inanotherplaceortime,thedeathofsinglecropspecies（物种）mightnothavebeensoimportant.ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.Now,somescientistsareworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain,butonamuchwiderscale.

   Overthecenturies,farmershavediscoveredthousandsofdifferentspeciesoffoodcrops.Eachspecieshasspecialqualities.Somecanbegrowninveryhotorcoldclimates.Othersarenotaffectedbycertaindiseases.However,youwon'tfindmanyofthesespeciesinyourlocalsupermarket.TofeedthesevenbillionpeopleonEarth,mostfarmerstodayaregrowingonlyspeciesofplantsandfarmingonlyspeciesofanimalsthatareeasytoproduceinlargenumbers.

   Forexample,inthePhilippines,therewereoncethousandsofvarietiesofrice:

nowfewerthan100aregrownthere.InChina,90percentofthewheatvarietiesgrownjustacenturyagohavedisappeared.Scientistsbelievethatoverthepastcentury,wehaveallowedmorethanhalfoftheworld'sfoodvarietiestodisappear.

   Onesolutiontothisproblemistocollectandstoretheseeds（种子）asmanydifferentplantvarietiesaswecanbeforetheydisappear.TheideawasfirstsuggestedbyRussianscientistNikolayVavilov.Inthe1920sand1930s,hecollectedaround400,000seedsfromfivecontients.Morerecently,othersarecontinuingtheworkhebegan.

   IntheU.S.stateofIowa,DianeOttWhealywantedtoprotecthistoricplantvarieties,liketheseedshergreat–grandfatherbroughttotheU.S.fromGermanymorethanahundredyearsago.SheandherhusbandstartedaplacecalledHeritageFarm,wherepeoplecanstoreandtradeseeds.

   Moreimportantly,thepeopleatHeritageFarmdon'tjuststoretheseeds;theyplantthem.Bydoingthis,theyarereintroducingfoodsintothemarketplacethathaven'tbeengrownforyears.Thesefoodspeciesarenotjustspecialintermsofappearanceortaste.Theyalsoofferfarmersfoodsolutionsforthefuture,fromthepast.

（1）Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

A. Theneedtoprotectdifferentfoodspecies.

B. Howtoincreasethenumberoffoodspecies.

C. Thefactthatmanyfoodspeciesaredyingout.

D. Howtopreventfoodspeciesfromdisappearing.

（2）Whyaresomescientistsworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain?

A. Becausepeopledependoncertainspeciesoffoodcrops.

B. Becausethesamedeadlydiseasemayattackcropsagain.

C. Becausetheworld'spopulationislargerthanthatin1845.

D. Becausefarmersgrowthesamepotatoesasthoseinthepast.

（3）Thefollowingsentencewouldbestbeplacedattheendof________.

Meanwhile,thousandsofotherspeciesaredyingout.

A. Paragraph1                   

B. Paragraph2                   

C. Paragraph3                   

D. Paragraph4

（4）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A. ThediseasespreadveryquicklyandkilledthousandsofpeopleinIreland.

B. Around80percentofthericevarietiesinthePhilippineshavedisappeared.

C. Peoplehavebeenstoringseedstosaveplanevarietiesforlessthan100years.

D. HeritageFarmisthefirstplaceintheU.S.forpeopletostoreandtradeseeds.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失。

（1）主旨题。

根据全文可知主要讲了人们发现方法来阻止食物物种消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。

根据in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.Now,somescientistsareworriedthatsuchafaminecouldhappenagain,butonamuchwiderscale.可知人们依赖单一的土豆或者食物，所以科学家担心饥荒再次来临，故选A。

（3）推断题。

根据第二段However,youwon'tfindmanyofthesespeciesinyourlocalsupermarket.在超市里不能发现这些物种，因为一些正在灭绝，故选B。

（4）细节题。

根据ButinIreland,in1845,peopledependedalmostsolelyonthepotatoforfood.Thedeathofonespeciescausedaterriblefamine（饥荒）.可知疾病迅速蔓延，给爱尔兰的人们带去了饥荒，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读下面的材料，判断下列句子是否符合短文内容。

   Moreandmorepeopleareusingmobilephonesnow.Smartphonesareusedastelevisions,cameras,andmusicplayers.Theyarealsousedforsendinge-mailsorsurfingtheInternet.Ifsomeonetalksaboutmobilephones,manyChinesewillthinkofHuawei.

   InChina,evenintheworld,Huaweiisawonder（奇迹）.RenZhengfeibuiltup（创建）Huaweicompanyin1987.Thecompanysold58.4millionsmartphonesinthefirstseasonof2019.Huaweihasgotthesecondplaceatthemobilemarket.

   Now,Huaweihasbeentheleaderin5Gfield.Ithasmorethan75,000topengineersandscientistsonresearch.Theytrytheirbesttobringdigital（数码）andhightechnologytoeverypersonandplace.It'smoreconvenientformodernpeopletoliveinarapidway.Whatausefultechnology5Gis!

   WearelookingforwardtoseeingastrongerHuawei.Itprovidesafasterandbettercommunicationwayforus.Italsobrings"CreatedinChina"totheworld.

（1）YoucanuseHuaweimobilephonestotakephotos.

（2）RenZhengfeisetupHuaweicompanyin1987.

（3）Huaweihasgotthefirstplaceatthemobilemarket.

（4）FewtopengineersandscientistsworkonresearchinHuaweicompany.

（5）Huaweigivesusaslowercommunicationway.

【答案】

（1）1

（2）1

（3）0

（4）0

（5）0

【解析】【分析】短文大意：

这篇短文讲的是华为手机和5G技术的发展情况。

（1）细节理解题。

根据Smartphonesareusedastelevisions,cameras,andmusicplayers.智能手机被用作电视、相机和音乐播放器。

可知可以照相。

故答案为：

正确。

（2）细节理解题。

根据RenZhengfeibuiltup（创建）Huaweicompanyin1987。

任正非于1987年创建华为公司。

故答案为：

正确。

（3）细节理解题。

根据Huaweihasgotthesecondplaceatthemobilemarket.华为在移动市场排名第二。

故华为在移动市场上占据第一。

故答案为：

错误。

（4）细节理解题。

根据Ithasmorethan75,000topengineersandscientistsonresearch.它拥有超过75000名顶尖工程师和研究科学家。

故很少有顶尖工程师和科学家在华为公司从事研究工作。

故答案为：

错误。

（5）细节理解题。

根据It'smoreconvenientformodernpeopletoliveinarapidway现代人快速生活更方便。

故答案为：

错误。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。

这篇短文内容简单容易理解，我们先阅读短文，理解短文大意。

然后仔细阅读短文，根据短文的细节判断问题的正误。

3．根据短文内容，判断句子正误。

   MissGreylivedinasmallhouse.Shewasoldanddidnotlikenoiseatall,soshewasverypleasedwhenhernoisyneighbormovedout.AyoungmanmovedinandMissGreythoughtthemanseemedtobequiet.

   Butatthreeo'clockthenextmorning,thenoiseofadogwokeherup.Shethoughtshehadneverheardadogtherebefore.Itmustbetheyoungman'sdog.Soshetelephonedtheyoungman,saidsomethingbadaboutthedogandthenhungupthetelephonebeforehecouldanswer.Nothingmorehappeneduntilthreeo'clockthenextmorning.ThenMissGrey'stelephonerang,andwhensheanswered,avoicesaid,"Youtelephonedmetwenty-fourhoursago,nowIringyouuptosaythatIdon'thaveadog."

（1）MissGreyfeltsorrywhenhernoisyneighbormovedout.

（2）MissGrey'snewneighborwasasnoisyastheoldneighbor.

（3）MissGreythoughtthenewneighborhadbroughtadogwithhim.

（4）TheyoungmanrangupMissGreybecausehewantedtopunishher.

（5）TheyoungmanhadabigdogsoitalwayswokeMissGreyupinthemorning.

【答案】

（1）0

（2）0

（3）1

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Grey女士不喜欢噪音，一天新邻居搬来后，第二天早上三点，狗叫声把Grey女士吵起来，她给邻居打电话说狗的事情就挂断电话，第二天早上三点邻居给她打电话说自己没有狗。

（1）细节题。

根据soshewasverypleasedwhenhernoisyneighbormovedout.可知所以当她吵闹的邻居搬出去时，她非常高兴，故选错误。

（2）细节题。

根据AyoungmanmovedinandMissGreythoughtthemanseemedtobequiet.可知新邻居是安静的，故选错误。

（3）细节题。

根据Itmustbetheyoungman'sdog.可知Grey女士认为狗是年轻人的，故选正确。

（4）细节题。

根据"Youtelephonedmetwenty-fourhoursago,nowIringyouuptosaythatIdon'thaveadog."可知年轻人告诉Grey女士狗不是自己的，所以在早上三点打电话，目的是惩罚女士，故选正确。

（5）细节题。

根据"Youtelephonedmetwenty-fourhoursago,nowIringyouuptosaythatIdon'thaveadog."可知年轻人告诉Grey女士狗不是自己的，故选错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

4．阅读理解

   DereckandBeverlyarewildlifeanimalfilmmakers（电影制片人）.Theyhavemadelotsoffilmsaboutanimalsandplants.

   TheirjobistokeepandprotectthebigcatsofAfricafromdamage（伤害）.BeverlyalsotakesphotosofthelionsandherpictureshaveappearedinNationalGeographicmagazines.

   Whentheywerekids,Dereckwasquietandhealthy,hewasgoodatmathandscience.Beverlyhadatwinbrother.Atthattime,herbrotherandsheoftengottheirmotherintotrouble!

Beverlywasadancer,anathlete,playedthepiano（notverywell）,andwasaclassleader.Herfavouritesubjectwasscienceandshealwaysgotexcellentgradesinherscienceexams.

   Wheninthefield,theirworkstartsataround4am.Afterdrinkingacupoftea,theydriveoutintoabush（灌木丛）tofindtheirsubjects.Sometimesthatisalionpride（群）.Lionsarefamilyanimals,theyusuallyliveingroupsof15ormore.Sometimesthatisasingleleopard（花豹）.Theyfollowtheanimalsfortheday,filming,researching,andcollectingfacts,informationorpictures.Theydon'tstopworkingevenwhentheyhavelunch.Theyareoftenbackincampby8pm.

   Whentalkingaboutthefavouriteplacestoexplore,Derecksays,“Weliveinit!

”Beverlythinksbeinginnatureisherfavourite.DereckthinksrunningortakingaswimintheOkavangoswamp（沼泽）—especiallyswimmingclosetocrocodile（鳄鱼）isgreatfun,butBeverlysays,"Swimmingisfunbutcrazyinthesewaters."

（1）Fromthesecondparagraph,wecanknowwhentheywerekids,______________.

A. Dereckwasoutgoing

B. Beverlywasquietandhealthy

C. Beverlycouldplaythepianoverywell

D. DereckandBeverlywerebothgoodatscience

（2）WhenDereckandBeverlyareinthefield,therighttimeorder（时间顺序）isthatthey______________________.

①drinkacupoftea②followtheanimals③driveout ④findtheirsubjects

A. ①②③④                           

B. ①④③②                           

C. ①③④②                           

D. ④①③②

（3）Howmanyhoursdotheyusuallyworkeveryday?