高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 2 Robots练习 新人教版选修7doc.docx

高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 2 Robots练习 新人教版选修7doc.docx

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高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit2Robots练习新人教版选修7doc

2019高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit2Robots练习新人教版选修7

一、阅读理解（共8小题;每小题2分,满分16分）

A

Mostpeopleagreethathonestyisagoodthing.ButdoesMotherNatureagree?

Animalscan’ttalk,butcantheylieinotherways?

Cantheyliewiththeirbodiesandbehaviors?

Animalexpertsmaynotcallitlying,buttheydoagreethatmanyanimals,frombirdstochimpanzees,behavedishonestlytofoolotheranimals.Why?

Dishonestyoftenhelpsthemsurvive.

Manykindsofbirdsareverysuccessfulatfoolingotheranimals.Forexample,abirdcalledtheploversometimespretendstobehurtinordertoprotectitsyoung.Whenapredator（猎食动物）getsclosetoitsnest,theploverleadsthepredatorawayfromthenest.How?

Itpretendstohaveabrokenwing.Thepredatorfollowsthe“hurt”adult,leavingthebabybirdssafeinthenest.

Anotherkindofbird,thescrubjay,buriesitsfoodsoitalwayshassomethingtoeat.Scrubjaysarealsothieves.Theywatchwhereothersburytheirfoodandstealit.Butcleverscrubjaysseemtoknowwhenathiefiswatchingthem.Sotheygobacklater,unburythefood,andburyitagainsomewhereelse.

Birdscalledcuckooshavefoundawaytohavebabieswithoutdoingmuchwork.How?

Theydon’tmakenests.Instead,theygetintootherbirds’nestssecretly.Thentheylaytheireggsandflyaway.Whenthebabybirdscomeout,theiradoptiveparentsfeedthem.

Chimpanzees,orchimps,canalsobesneaky.Afterafight,thelosingchimpwillgiveitshandtotheother.Whenthewinningchimpputsoutitshand,too,thechimpsarefriendlyagain.Butananimalexpertoncesawalosingchimptakethewinner’shandandstartfightingagain.

Chimpsaresneakyinotherways,too.Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananas,itisnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.Butsomecleverchimpslearntocryverysoftlywhentheyfindfood.Thatway,otherchimpsdon’thearthem,andtheydon’tneedtosharetheirfood.

Asismentionedabove,animalsbehavedishonestlyforsurvival.IsitOKtolieforushuman?

（2015·福建永安质检）

1.Thewriterusesthethreequestionsatthebeginningofthepassageto　　　　. 

A.askthereaderstoanswerthequestions

B.drawthereaders’attentiontothetopic

C.seekanswerstothequestions

D.showheisatalossaboutthequestions

2.Whichofthefollowingisnotanexampleofanimal’sdishonestbehaviors?

A.Theploverpretendedtohaveabrokenwingtoprotectitsbabybirds.

B.Ascrubjaydugoutitsburiedfoodandreburieditsomewhereelse.

C.Theadoptiveparentsfeedtheirbabybirdsofcuckoos.

D.Alosingchimpstartsfightingagainaftertakingthewinner’shand.

3.Theunderlinedword“sneaky”inParagraph5mostprobablymeans　　　　. 

A.selfishB.friendly

C.entertainingD.dishonest

4.Whatisthecommonreactionofmostchimpswhentheyfindtheirfavoritefood?

A.Theyletoutaloudcry.

B.Theycryinaverylowvoice.

C.Theyhidetheirfoodimmediately.

D.Theysharetheirfoodwithotherchimps.

【文章大意】本文是说明文。

文章通过列举一些鸟类和大猩猩的例子说明,动物有时会出于生存需要而撒谎。

1.B　推理判断题。

文章开头提出几个与主题相关的问题,又一一作出回答,可见作者意不在问,而是为了吸引读者的注意。

2.C　细节理解题。

文中第二、三、五段举例说明了plover,scrubjay和chimp使用欺骗手段取得自保的做法,因此选择C项。

事实上,把蛋下在别的鸟巢里才是欺骗手段,而喂鸟并不是。

3.D　词义推测题。

结合第一段倒数第三句中的“frombirdstochimpanzees,behavedishonestlytofoolotheranimals”,第二段第一句以及划线词sneaky前的also一词可知,此处指猩猩和鸟类一样,也会表现得不诚实,故选D项。

4.A　细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段第二句和第三句“Whenchimpsfindfoodthattheylove,suchasbananas,itisnaturalforthemtocryout.Thenotherchimpscomerunning.”可知,当猩猩们找到自己喜欢的食物时,往往会大声叫喊,呼朋引伴,故选A项。

B

Eventhoughitdoesn’thaveahead,youcanstilltellwhatkindofanimalitis:

therobotisdefinitelymodeleduponacat.DevelopedbyEPFL’sBioroboticsLaboratory（Biorob）,the“cheetah-cubrobot,”asmall-sizequadrupedprototyperobot,isdescribedinanarticleappearingtodayintheInternationalJournalofRoboticsResearch.Whatisspecialisthedesignofitslegs,whichmakesitveryfastandstable.

Thisrobotisthefastestinitskind.Duringtests,itshoweditsabilitytorunnearlyseventimesitsbodylengthinonesecond.Inaddition,therobotisextremelylightandcanbeeasilymadefrommaterialsthatareinexpensiveandreadilyavailable.

Themachine’sstrengthsalllieinthedesignofitslegs.Theresearchersdevelopedanewmodelwiththisrobot,onethatisbasedonthecarefulobservationandfaithfulreproductionofthecat-likeleg.Thenumberofsegments（分段）—threeoneachleg—andtheirproportions（比例）arethesameastheyareonacat.Springsareusedtoreproducetendons（肌腱）,andactuators—smallmotorsthatturnenergyintomovement—areusedtoreplacethemuscles.

BiorobdirectorAukeIjspeertsaid,“It’sstillintheexperimentalstages,butthelong-termgoalofthecheetah-cubrobotistobeabletodevelopfast,agile,groundedmachinesforuseinexploration,forexampleforsearchandrescueinnaturaldisastersituations.Studyingandusingtheprinciplesoftheanimalkingd