届人教版高三英语二轮复习测试题型组合练二十九阅读理解+阅读七选五.docx

届人教版高三英语二轮复习测试题型组合练二十九阅读理解+阅读七选五.docx

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届人教版高三英语二轮复习测试题型组合练二十九阅读理解+阅读七选五

题型组合练（二十九）　阅读理解＋阅读七选五

Ⅰ.阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

（2019·太原高三模拟）Wheretherearehumans，therearehousesparrows.Butdespitetheirsuggestivespeciesname，PasserDomesticus，theyaren'tofficiallydomesticated.Thebold，tinyandgrayandbrownbirdsarefoundoneverycontinentexceptAntarctica，hoppingaroundcities，pecking（啄）atleftoverfoodonsidewalks，andsometimeschasingawaynativebirdspecies.Thehousesparrowshaveadaptedtolivingalongsidehumans，butthisfriendlybehaviortohumansislegendary.Nooneknewwhatsetthemapartfromtheotherwildmembersofthesparrowfamily.

Lookingforageneticexplanation，MarkRavinet，an

evolutionarybiologistandhiscolleaguescaughtdozensofsparrowsatsitesacrossEurope.Theysetupmistnetsthatharmlesslytrappedthebirdsastheyflewinside—measuredandtaggedthebirds，drewbloodsamples，andthenreleasedthem.Backinthelab，theysequencedthebirds'DNA.Theyfoundthatthehousesparrow'sgenesofmanyregionsappearedtohaveexperiencedpositiveselection，helpingthebirdslivealongsidehumans.Theevolutionaryprocessofnaturalselectionmayhavefavoredgeneticchangesthatalteredtheirskullshapeandallowedthemtoeatfoodwithstarch（淀粉）—similartodomesticatedanimalslikedogs.Themostsignificantsignofpositiveselectioni

nthebirds'

DNAwasfoundinaregionwithtwoknowngenes：

oneislinkedtoskulldevelopmentandanotherhelpscreatetheamylase（淀粉酶），whichhelpsbreakdownstarchinhumans，dogsandotherdomesticatedanimals.Changestobothgenesmighthavehelpedthehousesparrowseathumancultivatedfoods.

AnotherevolutionarybiologistSamuelAndrewsaystheworkisanexcitingnewstepforbirdresearchersthatcouldanswermanyquestionsabouthowsparrowspeciesadaptedtodifferentconditions.ButheandRavinetagreetheremaybechangestoothergenesthatweremissedinthisinitialanalysis，yetstillhelpedthebirdstakeadvantageofhumans.

“Ifyouliveinamajorcity，therearemoreanimalsaroundyouthanyourealize，”Ravinetsays.“Theyhaveahistoryandastorytotell.”

1．WhatdoweknowaboutthehousesparrowsfromParagraph1?

A．Theyaredomesticated.

B．Theyareveryfriendly.

C．Theyarewelladapted.

D．Theyareararespecies.

2．WhatisthepurposeofRavinet'sresearch?

A．Toexperiencepositiveselection.

B．Toconfirmthespeciesnameofhousesparrows.

C．Tocomparehousesparrowswithotherdomesticanimals.

D．Togeneticallyexplainhousesparrows'friendlybehavior.

3．Whyistheamylaseimportanttogeneticchange?

A．Becauseithelpsdigeststarch.

B．Becauseallanimalscancreateit.

C．Becauseitpromotesskulldevelopment.

D．Becauseitcansequenceanimals'DNA.

4．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?

A．Housesparrows'historyislegendary.

B．Housesparrowstakeadvantageofhumans.

C．Theskullshapedeterminesanimals'evolution.

D．PositiveselectioninDNAlea

dstobiologicalevolution.

体裁：

说明文　题材：

自然　主题：

家雀的基因与进化

【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。

通过积极的基因选择，家雀适应了现在的生存环境。

1．解析：

推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“Thebold，tiny...onsidewalks”和“Thehousesparrowshaveadaptedtolivingalongsidehumans”可推知，家雀的适应能力很强。

答案：

C

2．解析：

推

理判断题。

根据第一段中的“butthisfriendlybehaviortohumansislegendary.Nooneknewwhatsetthemapartfromtheotherwildmembersofthesparrowfamily”及第二段第一句中的“Lookingforageneticexplanation”可推知，Ravinet的研究的目的是想从基因上解释家雀具有友好行为的原因。

答案：

D

3．解析：

细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“whichhelpsbreakdown...eathumancultivatedfoods”可知，这种淀粉酶对基因改变重要的原因是它有助于消化淀粉。

答案：

A

4．解析：

推理判断题。

根据第二段中的“Theyfoundthatthehousesparrow'sgenesofmanyregionsappearedtohaveexperiencedpositiveselection...similartodomesticatedanimalslikedogs”和倒数第二段中的“theworkisanexcitingnewstepforbirdresearchersthatcouldanswermanyquestionsabouthowsparrowspeciesadaptedtodifferentconditions”可推知，积极的基因

选择会引起生物的进化。

答案：

D

B

（2019·武昌高三调研）Parentscomplainabouttheirteenagers'nosesconstantlyintheirphones，buttheymightwanttopayattentiontotheirownscreentimehabits.

AstudyoutWednesdayfromthePewResearchCenterfoundthattwothirdsofparentsareconcernedabouttheamountoftimetheirteenagechildrenspendinfrontofscreens，whilemorethanathirdexpressconcernabouttheirow

nscreentime.

Meanwhile，morethanhalfofteenssaidtheyoftenorsometimesfindtheirparentstobeabsentmindedwhentheteensaretryingtohaveaconversationwiththem.Thestudycallsteens'relationshipwiththeirphonesattimes“hyperconnected”andnotesthatnearlythreefourthscheckmessagesornotifications（通知）assoonastheywakeup.Parentsdothesame，butatalowerifstillconsiderablerate—57percent.

Bigtechcompaniesfaceagrowingbacklash（强烈反应）againsttheaddictivenatureoftheirphonesandapps，theendlessnotificationsandotherfeaturescreatedtokeeppeoplefastenedtotheirscreens.

Manyteensaretryingtodosomethingaboutit：

52percentsaidtheyhavecutbackonthetimetheyspendontheirphonesand57percentdidthesamewithsocialmedia.

Expertssayparentshaveabigroleintheirkids'screenhabitsandsettingagoodexampleisabigpartofit.“Kidsdon'talwaysdowhatwesaybuttheydoaswedo，”saidDonaldShifrin，aprofessorattheUniversityofWashingtonSchoolofMedicine，whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Parentsarethedoorthatkidswillwalkthroughontheirwaytotheworld.”

Thestudysurveyed743USteensand1，058USparentsofteensfromMarch7toApril10.Therangeoferroris4.5percentagepoints.

5．Accordingtothesurvey，howmanyparentsareconcernedabouttheirscreent

ime?

A．About354.　　　B．About317.

C．About603.D．About705.

6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hyperconnected”inPara.3mean?

A．Interactive.B．Undervalued.

C．Nonexistent.D．Overdeveloped.

7．Whomakesithardforpeopletofightagainstphoneaddiction?

A．Protectiveparents.

B．ThePewResearchCenter.

C．Inexperiencedteens.

D．Greedytechcompanies.

8．Whatdoesthetextsuggestparentsdoabouttheirkids'screenhabits?

A．Upgradethesmartphones.

B．Criticizekidsforbadhabits.

C．Forbidkidsfromusingphones.

D．Cutdowntheirownscreentime.

体裁：

说明文　题材：

社会生活　主题：

对父母和孩子沉溺于手机的研究

【语篇解读】　父母总是抱怨他们的孩子太沉溺于手机，其实是他们自身的这种行为影响到了孩子。

为了避免孩子对手机上瘾，父母自身应该首先树立好榜样。

5．解析：

数字计算题。

根据第二段最后一句的“...whilemorethanathirdexpressconcernabouttheirownscreentime”和最后一段中的“Thestudysurveyed743USteensand1，058USparentsofteens”可知，这次研究调查了1058位父母，而他们中超过1/3的人表示对自己使用手机的时间担忧；由此可知1058÷3≈352.7；又根据“morethan”可知，应该大于352，故选A。

答案：

A

6．解析：

词义猜测题。

根据第一段中的“Parentscomplainabouttheirteenagers'nosesconstantlyintheirphones”和第二段中的“twothirdsofparentsareconcernedabouttheamountoftimetheirteenagechildrenspendinfrontofscreens”都提到父母担忧孩子看手机的时间太长；而画线词所在句又讲到青少年一醒来就先查看手机的信息和通知；由此可推知，孩子和手机之间的关系是“过度联系”，故画线词与D项意思相近。

答案：

D

7．解析：

推理判断题。

根据第四段内容可推知，大型科技公司为了自己的利益，会不断研发使人上瘾的手机功能，故选D。

答案：

D

8．解析：

推理判断题。

根据倒数第二段中的“Expertssayparentshaveabigroleintheirkids'screenhabitsandsettingagoodexampleisabigpartofit”以及“Kidsdon'talwaysdowhatwesaybuttheydoaswedo”可知，父母对于孩子看手机的习惯有不可推卸的责任，树立榜样意义重大

；由此可推知，文章建议父母减少自己看手机的时间，故选D。

答案：

D

C

（2019·安徽五校联盟质量检测）Whileanentiremonthfreeofhomeworkortestsmaysoundtoogoodtobetrue，thatisexactlywhatthestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolinBoden，SwedenweretreatedtoinApril.What'smore，iftheresultsoftheexperimentproveencouraging，starting2019，themiddleschoolerswillneverhavetoworryaboutafterschoolworkortests，asidefromthenationalexaminations，whicharecompulsiveforstudentsacrossthecountry.

Theschool'sprincipal，PetronellaSirkka，whocameupwiththeidea，said，“Weareconstantlyreceivingnewreportsthatourchildrenfeelbad.Andthat'sbecausetheyhaveahighlevelofstressallthetime.Thisisourwayoftryingtoreducethatstress.”

Theeducatorsaysthatwhilebanninghomeworkandtestssoundsradical（激进的），itmakessensegiventhechangesinthecurriculumandapproachestoeducation.Whileinthepaststudentswereprimarilysubjectedtomemorizingfacts，learningtodayisallaboutreflectionandanalysis.Asaresult，itisoftenharderforkids，especiallythosewithlittlesupportathome，tocomprehendthematerialbythemselves.

Sirkkaisnottheonlyonewhobelievesafterschoolworkdoesnothelpstudentslearn.InMarch2018，anotherprincipalinCanadaalsodecidedtodoawaywithhomework.Theyhopeparentswillspendtheextratimereadingtotheirkids.

Whilethelongtermimpactoftherecentdecisionsmadebythetwoeducatorsremainstobeseen，theexperimenthasalreadyprovedsuccessful

inFinlandwhichhasdoneawaywithhomework，grades，andeventeachingbysubjectsformanyyears.Yet，FinnishstudentsalwaysrankhighinthePISA（ProgrammeforInternationalStudentAssessment）testsespeciallyinmathand

sciencebuttheyhavetheleasthomework！

Hopefully，itwillonlybeamatteroftimebeforeUSeducatorsfollowtheirleadandbanafterschoolworkaswell!

9．ThestudentsatSturenskolanSchoolhad

nohomeworkinAprilbecause________．

A．theheadmasterwasexperimentingwithheridea

B．theyneededtodosomeexperimentsduringthemonth

C．theywerebusypreparingforthenationalexaminations

D．theheadmasterhadtocarryoutthegovernment'spolicy

10．Whatmakeschildren'slearninghardnowadays?

A．Childrenhavetodomoreanalyzing.

B．Theapproachtoeducationiscomplex.

C．Childrengetnosupportathomeandschool.

D．Therearemanymorefactstomemorize.

11．WhatdoesPetronellaSirkkamostlikelyadviseparentstodo?

A．Helpchildrenwiththeirhomework.

B．Freechildrenfromafterschoolhousework.

C．Spendmoretimereadingtotheirchildren.

D．Communicatewithteachersfromtimetotime.

12．WhatcanweinferaboutthestudentsinFinland?

A．Theystudythehardestatschool.