博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇.docx
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博士入学考试英语中常见的翻译词汇
分类词汇:
homogeneous同质的 反义词:
heterogeneous
dialect方言 (v.s.accent)discrepancy差异
misconception误解 (mis+concept+ion)=misunderstanding
barrier障碍(物)bar, =barricade
discrimination区别、歧视racial~,discriminate(+against)
hierarchy等级制度heir(继承人)+arch(govern)+y
insularity岛国性质 (insular,island)Britishindustryhasoftenbeencriticizedforitslinguisticinsularity.
microcosm小天地 micro+cosm(os)
nostalgia=homesickness,patriot爱国者 patriotic,patriotism
notoriety恶名 (notorious)
counterpart对应人,对等物counterculture,counterbalance
peer同等的人 凝视,窥视(~peep)subordinate下级 下级的superior
tactics战术,技巧v.s.strategy(战略,策略)marketingstrategyv.s.sellingtacticsnuance﹦asubtledifferenceinmeaningcompatriot同胞 ,同胞的com+patriot
vernacular本地的,本国,本地话,本国话thevernacularlanguagesofIndia.HispanicwhosefirstlanguagewasSpanish
immigration移入immigrant,immigrate;
emigration 迁出 (emigrant,emigrate)antipodes:
oppositesides
permeate渗透,弥漫Smokepermeatedthehouse.
entrepreneur企业家 enterpriseentrepreneurship
practitioner开业者,从业者praction(practice)+er
celebrity:
afamousperson=luminary,VIPproxy代理人
anecdote轶事 (anecdotal)benchmarking类比分析
punctual准时的,守时的 (punctuality)
absenteeism旷工absentabsentee缺席者
flextime弹性工作时间flex(flexible)+time
harass骚扰 (harassment)redundancy冗余,冗员networkredundancy
downsize裁员 (layoff)ballot投票(=vote)
impartial不偏不倚的 (partial)lobby大堂(n.) 游说(v.)
dubbing配音录制vogue时尚
bizarre奇异的weird(怪异的)mediocre平庸的
dietitian饮食学家 (diet)connoisseur行家,鉴赏家
equilibrium平衡,均衡questionnaire调查表,问卷
quantitative定量的 contingency偶然性,偶然事件
incur招致debts/hatred/dangeroccur发生,concur同意一致,recur复发
ethical伦理的,符合伦理的ethics,unethical
dubious疑惑的,可疑的 (doubt)bedubiousabout
manifestation显示,证明 (manifest)
subtitle字幕,副标题 subsidiary辅助的,submarine潜水,subway地铁,suburb乡镇
考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇
总裁助理:
assistantpresident综合治理:
comprehensivetreatment
安居工程:
housingprojectforlow-incomeurbanresidents
信息化:
information-based;informationization
智力密集型:
concentrationofbrainpower; knowledge-intensive
外资企业:
overseas-fundedenterprises
下岗职工:
laid-offworkers
分流:
repositionofredundantpersonnel过剩人员的重新定位
三角债:
chaindebts
素质教育:
educationforall-rounddevelopment
豆腐渣工程:
jerry-builtprojects草率的
社会治安情况:
law-and-ordersituation
民族国家:
nationstate
台独:
independenceofTaiwan
台湾当局:
Taiwanauthorities
台湾同胞:
Taiwancompatriots
台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分:
TaiwanisaninalienablepartoftheChineseterritory.
西部大开发:
DevelopmentoftheWestRegions
可持续性发展:
sustainabledevelopment
风险投资:
riskinvestment
通货紧缩:
deflation
扩大内需:
toexpanddomesticdemand
计算机辅助教学:
computer-assistedinstruction(CAI)
网络空间:
cyberspace
虚拟现实:
virtualreality
网民:
netizen(netcitizen)
电脑犯罪:
computercrime
电子商务:
thee-business
网上购物:
shoppingonline
应试教育:
exam-orientededucation
学生减负:
toreducestudyload
下岗:
laid-offworkers
下海:
plungeintothecommercialsea
下网:
offline
小康之家:
well-offfamily;comfortably-offfamily
新秀:
up-and-comingstar, risingstar
新新人类:
NewHumanBeing;XGeneration
信息港:
infoport
形象小姐/先生:
imagerepresentativeofaproductorabrand
虚拟网:
virtualnet
学生处:
students'affairsdivision(分配、分派)
研究生毕业证/学位证:
graduatediploma/graduatedegree'sdiploma
摇钱树:
cashcow
以人为本:
peopleoriented; peopleforemost
义务教育:
compulsoryeducation
易拉罐:
popcan
应试教育:
examination-orientededucationsystem
舆论导向:
directionofpublicopinion
运球:
dribble
在职博士生:
on-jobdoctorate
早恋:
puppylove
招生就业指导办公室:
enrolmentandvocationguidanceoffice(职业)
证券营业部:
stockexchange;securityexchange
知识产权:
intellectualpropertyrights
中专生:
secondaryspecializedortechnicalschoolstudent
中流砥柱:
mainstay, chiefcornerstone
专卖店:
exclusiveagency;franchisedstore(营业权)
自我保护意识:
self-protectionawareness
综合国力:
comprehensivenationalstrength
综合业务数字网:
integratedservicedigitalnetwork(ISDN)
公正、公平、公开:
just,fairandopen
好莱坞大片:
Hollywoodblockbuster(大轰动)
黄金时段:
primetime
假唱:
lip-synch(同步)
劲射:
powershot
拉拉队:
cheeringsquad(小组、班级)
来电显示电话机:
callerIDtelephone
论文答辩:
(thesis)oraldefense
泡沫经济:
bubbleeconomy
票贩子:
scalper,tickettout(兜售)
拳头产品:
competitiveproducts;knock-outproducts;blockbuster
三角恋爱:
lovetriangle
三维动画片:
three-dimensionalanimation
"扫黄"、"打非":
eliminatepornographyandillegalpublications(色情)
申办奥运会:
bidfortheOlympicGames
实现中华民伟大复兴:
bringaboutagreatrejuvenationoftheChineseNation(复兴,中华民族)
市场疲软:
sluggishmarket(停滞的,萧条的)
素质教育:
educationforall-arounddevelopment
筒子楼:
tube-shapedapartment
脱贫致富:
cast(shake, throw)offpovertyandsetoutonaroadtoprosperity(繁荣、昌盛)
网吧:
Internetbar
网恋:
onlineloveaffair
网上冲浪:
surftheInternet
网上交易平台:
onlinetradingplatform
网友:
netfriend
无人售票:
self-serviceticketing
无绳来电显示电话:
cordlesstelephonewithcallerID
无线应用协议:
WAP(wirelessapplicationprotocol)
附录:
英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组
一、政治类:
把…捐给慈善机构:
donate…tocharities
把…看成社会公敌 :
lookupon…asathreattosociety
把…列为基本国策 :
list…..asfundamentalnationalpolicies
把…作为指导 :
take…astheguide
把理论和实际结合起来 :
integratetheorywithpractice…
把握大局:
grasptheoverallsituation
摆脱贫穷落后 :
getridofpovertyandbackwardness
保护妇女权利不受侵犯 :
guarantee(protect)women’srightsagainstinfringement
采取各种措施 :
adoptvariousmeasures
参政、议政:
participateinthemanagementofStateaffairs
充满信心和力量 :
befilledwithconfidenceandstrength
打破僵局:
breakthedeadlock
打破禁区 :
breakoffaforbiddenzone
得出结论 :
draw(arriveat,cometoreach)aconclusion
锻造一支人民军队 :
forgeapeople’sarmy
对…具有深远的影响 :
haveafar-reachingimpacton
对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 :
makeimportant(great,major)contributionsto
反对各种形式的恐怖主义:
beopposedtoallformsofterrorism
反腐倡廉:
combatcorruptionandbuildacleangovernment
高举伟大旗帜:
holdhighthegreatbanner (旗帜)
给…带来机遇和挑战:
present(bring)bothopportunitiesandchallengesto
根除(防止,消除)腐败:
rootout(prevent,eliminate)corruption
观察当今世界 :
observethepresent-dayworld
缓和紧张状况 :
easethetension
回顾奋斗历程 :
reviewthecourseofstruggle
加快改革步伐 :
acceleratethespeedofreform
加强舆论监督:
ensurethatthecorrectorientationismaintainedinpublicopinion
坚持改革开放政策 :
adheretothereformandopenpolicy
坚持统一,反对分裂,增加 :
persistinreunification,,opposeseparation,increase
了解,化解歧见 :
understandingandironoutdifferences
减轻农民负担 :
alleviatefarmer’sburden
解放思想:
emancipateourminds(解放)
解决温饱问题 :
solvetheproblemoffoodandclothing
解决新问题 :
resolvenewproblems
进入世界先进行列 :
edgeintotheadvancedranksintheworld
进入新时期 :
enteranewperiod
进行和谈:
holdpeacetalks
进行战略性调整:
makestrategicreadjustment
就…接受妥协 :
acceptacompromiseon
开发西部:
remakethewest(再制,改造)
开始生效:
gointoeffect(enterintoforce)
开拓前进:
openupnewwaysforward
科教兴国:
rejuvenateourcountrythroughscienceandeducation(恢复)
理顺关系:
rationalizetherelationship(使合理化)
履行权利和义务:
performtheresponsibilitiesandobligations
迈出重要的一步 :
makeanimportantstep
热爱和平:
lovepeace
深化改革:
deepenthereform
审时度势:
sizeupthesituation(打量,估计)
实现发展繁荣:
bringaboutdevelopmentandprosperity
实现民族独立:
realizenationalindependence
实现夙愿:
fulfillthelong-cherishedwishes
实现小康目标:
achievethegoalofensuringourpeoplearelativecomfortablelife(确保)
实现中华民族伟大复兴:
bringaboutagreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenation
实行新政策:
practicenewpolicies
受到全世界广泛关注:
attractextensiveattentionworldwide
缩小差别:
bridge(narrow)thegap
完成中华民族的振兴大业 :
implementtherevitalizationofournation
维护世界和平:
maintainworldpeace
吸收各国文明的先进成:
absorbwhatisadvancedinothercivilizations
下放权力给:
delegatethemanagementof...(to...)(委托,代表,授权;管理)
退还大量钱款:
givebackanamountofmoney
脱贫致富:
cast(shake,throw)offpovertyandsetoutonaroadtoprosperity
完善服务:
perfectservices
为…带来多种经济和社会效益:
bringmultipleeconomicandsocialbenefitsto…
为…提供巨大商机:
presenthugebusinessopportunities
吸收游资:
absorbidlefund
吸引外商投资:
attractforeigninvestment
下海:
plungeintothecommercialsea
陷入困境:
landoneselfindeeptrouble
向…投资巨额资金:
investhugeamountsofmoneyinto
消灭假冒伪劣产品:
wipeoutfakeproducts
以经济建设为中心:
focusonthecentraltaskofeconomicconstruction
以质量求生存、求发展、求效益:
striveforsurvival,developmentandefficiencyonthebasisofequality(努力,反抗)
优胜劣汰:
selectthesuperiorandeliminatetheinferior
优先发展公共运输:
giveprioritytothedevelopmentofpublictransportation
有巨大潜力:
havehugepotentialfor
与国际市场接轨:
integratewiththeworldmarket;becomeintegratedintotheglobalmarket
在…建立分公司:
setupbranchesin
造成很大压力:
poseabigpressureon
造成损失:
causealossto
增加农业投入:
investmoreinagriculture
占领市场10% :
occupy(take,accountfor)10percentofthemarket (占;考虑)
招商引资:
attract(bidfor,invite)investments(fromoverseas)
制订…法律:
makealawof
制定优惠政策:
workoutfavorablepolicy
制造假象:
createsmokescreenstodo
阻碍…的经济发展:
handicap(hamper)theeconomicdevelopment
阻止人才流失:
stopthetalentflight(braindrain)
遵循市场经济的规律 :
followthelawofmarketeconomy
三、文化生活类
不注重历史:
neglecthistory
把…列为世界自然文化遗产:
list…asaworldnaturalheritagesite
摆架子(摆谱儿):
putonairs(showoff,keepupappearances)(外表)
保护文化遗产:
protectculturalheritage(relics)(遗物,文物)
博采各国文化之长:
drawonstrongpointoftheculturesofothercountries(优点)
采取保护态度:
takeprotectiveattitude
承担应有的义务:
undertakethedueobligations
承前启后,继往开来 :
buildonthepastandprepareforthefuture,inheritthepastandusherinthefuture(引导,引入)
充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性:
givefullplaytotheinitiativeandcreativityofintellectuals
触击现行法律的盲区:
touchablankareaoftheexistinglaw(现存的)
创建卫生城市:
buildanationallyadvancedcleancity
辞旧迎新:
bidfarewelltotheoldandusherinthenew(ringouttheold
yearandringinthenew)(命令,吩咐;宣布离去,包围)
从事电子商务工作 :
conducte-commerce(引导,实施)
促进儿童身心健康发展 :
promotethehealthydevelopmentofchildrenbothphysicallyandmentally(身心)
促进交流:
promotethecommunication
促进文化市场健康发展:
facilitatethesounddevelopmentofthemarketsforculturalproduct