山东青岛市崂山区第一中学最新 高考英语 阅读理解练习题含答案.docx
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山东青岛市崂山区第一中学最新高考英语阅读理解练习题含答案
山东青岛市崂山区第一中学最新高考英语阅读理解练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.假定你是李华,收到英国笔友George的邮件,请你介绍中国家庭聚会的情况(饮食、时间、活动等)。
请给他写一封邮件。
注意:
⒈词数100左右;
⒉可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
DearGeorge,
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】DearGeorge,
Knowingthatyou'reinterestedinwhatourChinesefamilygatheringsarelike,I'mgladtointroducesomeofmyexperiencewithyou.
WeChineseliketogettogetherwithourfamilyverymuch,especiallyonimportantdayssuchasfestivalsandbirthdays.Mostofthetime,webringgiftstotheeldersandthekids.Eatingisoneofthemostnecessarypartofthegathering,whichisusuallypreparedbyfamilymemberstogether.Notonlyisthevariousfooddeliciousbutthetimewespendmakingandenjoyingittogetherisenjoyable.Adultschattingandchildrenplayingaround,thisisthetypicalsceneofahappyfamilygathering.
Hopeonedayyoucancomeandexperiencebyyourself!
Yours,
LiHua
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件,要求考生以李华的身份给英国笔友George写一封邮件,介绍中国家庭聚会的情况(饮食、时间、活动等)。
考生要认真阅读提示,列出提纲和要点,并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力,灵活运用英语知识,采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来。
写作时注意时态、语态的合理运用,主次分明,同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词,适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全,上下文连贯,使用一定数量的句式结构,让句子更加生动丰满,同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语,提高文章的档次,体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。
例如:
Knowingthatyou'reinterestedinwhatourChinesefamilygatheringsarelike,I'mgladtointroducesomeofmyexperiencewithyou.运用了现在分词作原因状语和宾语从句; Eatingisoneofthemostnecessarypartofthegathering,whichisusuallypreparedbyfamilymemberstogether.运用了非限制性定语从句;Notonlyisthevariousfooddeliciousbutthetimewespendmakingandenjoyingittogetherisenjoyable.运用了倒装句,并列句和限制性定语从句;Hopeonedayyoucancomeandexperiencebyyourself!
运用了祈使句和并列句。
2.(2019•浙江)阅读理解
Californiahaslosthalfitsbigtreessincethe1930s,accordingtoastudytobepublishedTuesdayandclimatechangeseemstobeamajorfactor(因素).
Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests,thenewstudyfinds.Noareawassparedorunaffected,fromthefoggynortherncoasttotheSierraNevadaMountainstotheSanGabrielsaboveLosAngeles.IntheSierrahighcountry,thenumberofbigtreeshasfallenbymorethan55percent;inpartsofsouthernCaliforniathedeclinewasnearly75percent.
Manyfactorscontributedtothedecline,saidPatrickMclntyre,anecologistwhowastheleadauthorofthestudy.Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.AggressivewildfirecontrolhasleftCaliforniaforestscrowdedwithsmalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources(资源).
ButincomparingastudyofCaliforniaforestsdoneinthe1920sand1930swithanotheronebetween2001and2010,Mclntyreandhiscolleaguesdocumentedawidespreaddeathofbigtreesthatwasevidenteveninwildlandsprotectedfromwoodcuttingordevelopment.
Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretreeshadsufferedthegreatestwatershortage.Theresearchersfiguredoutwaterstresswithacomputermodelthatcalculatedhowmuchwatertreesweregettingincomparisonwithhowmuchtheyneeded,takingintoaccountsuchthingsasrainfall,airtemperature,dampnessofsoil,andthetimingofsnowmelt(融雪).
Sincethe1930s,Mclntyresaid,thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair,andearliersnowmelt,whichreducesthewatersupplyavailabletotreesduringthedryseason.
(1)Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?
A. Theseriousnessofbig-treelossinCalifornia.
B. TheincreasingvarietyofCaliforniabigtrees.
C. ThedistributionofbigtreesinCaliforniaforests.
D. TheinfluenceoffarmingonbigtreesinCalifornia.
(2)Whichofthefollowingiswell-intentionedbutmaybebadforbigtrees?
A. Ecologicalstudiesofforests.
B. Banningwoodcutting.
C. Limitinghousingdevelopment.
D. Firecontrolmeasures.
(3)WhatisamajorcauseofthewatershortageaccordingtoMclntyre?
A. Inadequatesnowmelt.
B. Alongerdryseason.
C. Awarmerclimate.
D. Dampnessoftheair.
(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A. California'sForests:
WhereHaveAlltheBigTreesGone?
B. CuttingofBigTreestoBeProhibitedinCaliforniaSoon.
C. WhyAretheBigTreesImportanttoCaliforniaForests?
D. PatrickMclntyre:
GrowMoreBigTreesinCalifornia
【答案】
(1)A
(2)D
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文,围绕加利福尼亚的大树从20世纪30年代以来大量减少为主题,探讨出现这一现象的原因。
(1)段落大意题。
第二段第一句Thenumberoftreeslargerthantwofeetacrosshasdeclinedby50percentonmorethan46,000squaremilesofCaliforniaforests为主题句,意思是:
在4.6万平方英里的加利福尼亚的森林中,直径超过2英尺的树木的数量已经减少了50%。
所以本段主要介绍加州的树木损失的严重情况,故答案为A。
(2)细节理解题。
题干中的well-intentioned意为“好意的”。
根据第三段描述:
伐木者对大树的砍伐、住房向森林里推进、对野火的控制使得小树与大树竞争资源都是导致大树减少的原因。
控制野火的初衷是保护森林,但是却导致大树得不到足够的资源而死亡。
故答案为D。
(3)细节理解题。
将watershortage 定位在第五段,而Mclntyre在最后一段,根据 thebiggestfactorsdrivingupwaterstressinthestatehavebeenrisingtemperatures,whichcausetreestolosemorewatertotheair可知,导致水源紧张的是上升的温度,造成树木将更多的水分散失到空气中。
故答案为C。
(4)主旨大意题。
文章的第一句是本文的主题句,文章围绕加利福尼亚大量的大树死亡展开,对大树数量减少的原因进行研究。
故答案为A。
【点评】本文属于生态环保类文章,文章的首段第一句即为本文的主题句。
阅读是紧扣主旨,快速浏览文章内容。
答题时注意根据问题中的关键词在文章中定位,然后分析关键词所在句子的信息。
3.阅读理解
Positivethinkingisasignificantelementofhappiness.Inordertobecomeapositivethinker,determinationandconsistencyareimportant.Thefirstthingtoknowaboutpositivethinkingisthateveryonecandoit. Withcertaincognitive(认知的)andbehavioralchanges,wecanallbecomepositivethinkers.Anotherimportantfactoristhatbeingapositivethinkerdoesnotmeanyoubecomenumbtoanythingthatisnotworkingproperlyinyourlifeorisnegative-itjustmeansthatyouapproachlifeandfacechallengeswithahealthieroutlook.
Insteadofselectivelyattendingtonegativeevents,focusonthepositiveones.Thenpayattentiontothedelayedconsequencesofyourbehaviorratherthantheimmediateones.Forexample,ifajobisnotgoinglikeyouwant,focusonthefactthatyouhaveajobandhowyoucantakeyourtimetomakethesituationbetter.
Challengeanyinternalattributionsandseeifyoucompareyourbehaviortostandardsthatareexcessivelyrigidandperfectionistic.Ifso,changetheseandbereasonablewithyourcomparisons.Forexample,ifyouconstantlycompareyourweaknesseswithotherpeople'sstrengths,thenswitchthisandcompareyourselfwiththosewhoaredoingpoorerthanyouaswell.Overall,peoplewhofocusmoreontheirstrengthsthantheirweaknessesbutatthesametimeareawareoftheirweaknesseshaveahealthierself-evaluationresult.
Whenfacedwithtoomuchfearaboutasituation,imaginetheworstcaseandvisualizeasolutionforit,thenletgooffear.Thisway,youwillbepreparedforanythingandyourfearwillnotblockyoufrombeingopenandcreativetodifferentsolutions.Forexample,ifyouareconstantlyworriedaboutlosingyourjobuptoapointwhereitiscreatingalotofanxietyandfearandiseffectingyourperformanceandyourhappinessnegatively,thenthinkoflosingyourjob,visualizehowyouwillhandleit,findsolutionsinyourmindandthenletgoofthethoughtandthefearattachedtoit.
Sopositivethinkersarebetterproblemsolversandhavebetterinteractions.Inadditiontothat,peoplewhoarepositivethinkersarehappierandmoresatisfiedwiththeirlife.
(1)Whyispositivethinkingasignificantelementofhappiness?
A. Itmeansthatoneisblindtothetroublesanddifficultiesthatexist.
B. Itmeansthatoneconstantlycompareseverythingwithotherpeople's.
C. Itmeansthatoneisstronginmindandhasnothingtobeafraidof.
D. Itmeansthatoneapproacheslifeandfaceschallengesmorehealthily.
(2)Whatdoesthetextsuggestaboutthejobyoudon'tlike?
A. Quittingitandfindingabetterone.
B. Keepingandtryingtomakeitbetter.
C. Beingnegativeandnumbtoit.
D. Challengingyourselfwithanewoutlook.
(3)Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinparagraph4?
A. Bepreparedfortheworst:
andletgooffear.
B. Beingconstantlyworriedwillloseyourjob.
C. Fearwillpreventyoubeingopenandcreative.
D. Thereisnothingtofearifwellprepared.
(4)Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A. Howtofocusonthepositiveevents
B. Howtobeapositivethinker
C. Whattodowhenfacedwithfear
D. Whattoknowofself-evaluation
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文为是一篇议论文,积极的思考是幸福的重要组成部分。
要想成为一个积极的思考者,决心和毅力必不可少。
首先你要知道,每个人都能成为积极思考者。
只要改善一定的认知和行为,我们都可以做到。
文章论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的” Anotherimportantfactoristhatbeingapositivethinkerdoesnotmeanyoubecomenumbtoanythingthatisnotworkingproperlyinyourlifeorisnegative-itjustmeansthatyouapproachlifeandfacechallengeswithahealthieroutlook.“另一个重要的因素是,做一个积极的思考者并不意味着你对生活中任何不完美的事情麻木不仁或是带有悲观的色彩——这只是意味着你以一种更健康的态度对待生活和面对挑战,可推知,积极思考能让一个人更健康地对待生活和面对挑战,这也是一个人感到幸福的重要因素。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的”Forexample,ifajobisnotgoinglikeyouwant,focusonthefactthatyouhaveajobandhowyoucantakeyourtimetomakethesituationbetter.“例如,如果一份工作不像你想要的那样,把注意力集中在你有一份工作这个事实上,以及你如何花时间让情况变得更好,可知,当你有一份不喜欢的工作的时候,你应该坚持并努力让它变得更好。
故选B。
(3)考查段落大意。
第四段中的”Whenfacedwithtoomuchfearaboutasituation,imaginetheworstcaseandvisualizeasolutionforit,thenletgooffear.“当面对太多的恐惧时,想象最坏的情况,想象一个解决方案,然后放下恐惧。
是主题句,也是本段论述的主题。
故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
纵观全文可知,本文论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。
因此,B项“如何成为一个积极的思考者”适合做本文最佳标题。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断,段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息的基础上,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,概括归纳,从而选出正确答案。
4.阅读理解
CamperLunchProgram
WearepleasedtooffertheCamper