国际经济与贸易英语论文.docx

国际经济与贸易英语论文.docx

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国际经济与贸易英语论文

国

际

经

济

与

贸

易

论

文

ThecontributionofforeigntradetoChina'seconomicgrowthanalysis

Summary:

Althoughinrecentyears,China'sexportscontinuedstronggrowth,rapidexpansionoftradesurplus,risingpositionininternationaltrade,importandexportcommoditystructurefurtheroptimize.Butoureconomystillshowsfouruncoordinated:

uncoordinated,uncoordinatedmerchandisetradeandtradeinservices,foreigntradeoftheeasternandwesternuncoordinated,uncoordinatedtradeandindustrialspeedandefficiency.TheseuncoordinatedhasseriouslyaffectedChina'sforeigntradegrowthinthequalityandefficiencyofforeigntrade$2trillionby2020,bythenumberofgoals,thetraditionalmodeofgrowthisdifficulttoachieve.ThispaperanalyzesthestatusofChina'stradefromthestart,toclarifythenewsituationadheretoqualityrealisticoptionsstrategiestoimprovethequalityawarenessofproductsandservices,changesincompetitivestrategyoflowprices,andstrivetobuildthecorecompetitivenessofChineseenterprises,China'smanufacturingtoChinafromtherealizationofcreatechange.

Keywords:

internationaltrade,ourmanufacturing,ourcreation

First,thecurrentdevelopmentofChina'sforeigntrade

China'sforeigntradehasmaderemarkableachievements.China'scurrenttradegrowthmodepresentsthefollowingcharacteristics:

（一）Toexpandthenumberoftype

Sincethereformandopeningup,China'sforeigntradedevelopedrapidly,withanaverageannualgrowthoverthesameperiodtheaverageannualgrowthrateintheworldofinternationaltrade.ScaletopromotetheexportofChina'srankinginworldexports

（二）theprocessingtrade

AfterChina'sreformandopeningup,thedevelopmentofprocessingtradeveryquickly,oncereachedmorethan50percentofChina'stotalimportsandexports,up56.9percent.Inthe21stcentury,theprocessingtradehasbeengraduallyreplacedbygeneraltrade,becamethedominantpositioninChina'sforeigntrade.AndtheconcernistherapidriseofChina'sprocessingtradeandforeigndirectinvestmentbehavioriscloselyrelated.

（三）"threecapital"enterpriseshavebecomethemainexport

Sincethereformandopeningup,China'sforeigntradebyguidingpolicyandindustrialpolicy,foreigndirectinvestmentcontinuestogrow.ForeigninvestmentinChinaismainlytofancyourhugemarketandlowlaborcosts.Foreign-investedenterprisestoadoptthegreatquantitiesofproduction,procurementofrawmaterialsinforeigncountries,domesticprocessing,productionandexportofproducts.Foreignexportsaccountedformorethan50%ofthecountry'sexports.

（四）theexportmarketstructureisrelativelysimple

Withthedevelopmentofeconomicglobalizationandregionaleconomicintegration,Chinaandneighboringcountriesandregionsandregionaleconomiccooperationwithothertradepartnersboomingmarketdiversificationtoachievegreaterdevelopment.However,theproportionofthetoptentradingpartnersofChina'stotalimportsandexports,totalexportsandtotalimportsarestillrelativelylarge,toptentradingpartnerstradehasaccountedformorethan80%ofChina'stotalimportsandexports,havedeclineduntil2011.TheUnitedStatesremainedChina'slargestexportmarket,Japanisstillthelargestsourceofimports.

Second,thecontributionofforeigntradetoeconomicgrowthandthemainproblemoftheexistenceof

（一）ContributionoftheForeignTradeandEconomicGrowth

1importedfactorsofproductioncandirectlyincreasethesupplyoffactorsofacountry,formostcountries,duetodifferencesinresourceendowments,theproductioncannotcompletelyhavealltheelementsrequiredforproduction,thentheimportsofproductionfactorsbecomeaprerequisiteforeconomicgrowth;formostdevelopedcountries,inthecourseofitseconomictake-off,withoutexception,haveobtainedthroughimportsfromlessdevelopedcountriesstableandcheapindustrialrawmaterials,importinglargequantitiesofthesefactorsofproduction,ontheonehandmakeupthelackofdomesticsupplyofrelevantelements,italsogreatlyincreasedtheproductionofcorporateprofitmargins,whichistomaintainthelevelofdomesticinvestmentandthuspromoteeconomicgrowthplayedasignificantroleinpromoting;formostdevelopingcountries,notonlywiththeLikedevelopedcountries,theneedtoimportsomedomesticscarcenaturalresources,andmoreimportantly,developingcountriesgenerallylacktheabilitytoproducemodernmachineryandequipment,advancedequipmentimportedbyobtainedfromthedevelopedcountries,itseconomicdevelopmentplayedacrucialrole.

China'sforeigntradeintheprocessofrapiddevelopment,someenterpriseslackofscientificmanagement,theoverallstrengthisweak;singlemeanstoparticipateininternationalcompetition;productnon-pricecompetitivenessisnotstrong,thelackofitsownbrandandmarketingnetwork;lowexportlevels,manyproductsarestillinthelowendoftheinternationaldivisionofthevaluechainlinks,theaddedvalueisnothigh.Extensivetradegrowthmodehasnotchangedfundamentally,economicandsocialbenefitstobefurtherimproved.

2exportdevelopmentcanbe"driven"toincreasedomesticandforeigninvestment

Factorincomeofacountry'sexportsectorfactorincomeismuchhigherthanimport-competingsectors.Thatis,theaverageprofitmarginoftheexportsectorlevelhigherthantheaverageprofitmarginofimport-competingsectors.Thus,itwillhaveasubstantialincreaseindomesticinvestment,"cause"partofthedomesticexportsectorinflowsfactorindomesticfactormobilitymechanismisrelativelysmoothconditions,alargenumberofelementsoftheinflowmeansexportsector.Inadditiontotheincreasedrivenbydomesticinvestmentoutsidetherapiddevelopmentoftheexportsectorwillattractsomeforeigninvestorstoenter.Asanimportantcomponentoftheforeigndemandforcapitalformation,whichdirectlyaffectstheformationofcapital,whichisdirectlyrelatedtothespeedofeconomicgrowth.Coupledwiththeoperationofforeigncapitalintothedomesticcounterpartfunds,soactiveintheentirenationalchainandbecomeanincentiveforeconomicgrowth.

3canbedrivenbytheexpansionofexportstoincreasedomesticemployment

Foreigntradeimpactonacountry'sdomesticemploymentlevels,especiallyasourcountrysuchalargedevelopingcountrywithrichlaborresources,thesignificanceisundoubtedlyafar-reachingandsignificant.AmericaneconomistAnne.Krugerhasmade​​astudyofthissystem.ProfessorKrugerthatthechoiceofopentradestrategywillalsohelpjobgrowthindevelopingcountries.30yearsofreformandopeningup,China'sforeigntradetoGDPgrowthratehigherthantherateofrapiddevelopment,whiletheexportcommoditystructurehasalsoundergonemajorchanges,fromtheexportofprimaryproductstomanufacturedgoodsintothemainproductivelabortimeintensiveproductsindustryhasdevelopedrapidly.Exportsincreasedrequirementstoincreaseproduction,increaseproductionandthusincreasingemploymentneeds.ProfessorKrugerbelievescompatiblewithdifferenttradingstrategiestradepolicieswilldirectlyaffecttechnologychoiceforallindustries,thusaffectingtheindustrialcapital/laborratio.

4Foreigntradecanpromotetheformationofeconomiesofscale

Traditionalinternationaltradetheoryusuallyassumesconstantreturnstoscale,thatforeigntradedoesnotexisteconomiesofscale.Inpractice,however,therealityisassumedthatthedevelopmentofinternationaltradeisnotconsistent.U.S.economistPaulKrugman·R·believesthatcountriesareincreasinglysimilar,moreimperfectmarketcompetitiontoday,insteadoftheeconomiesofscalefactorendowmentsdifferenceshavebecomethemainreasonforthepromotionoftradedevelopment.Weknowthatmanyindustryonlyreachacertainsizeinordertoreducecosts,relyingsolelyonthesizeofasmalldomesticmarketoftencannotbeachieved.Andonecountrytovigorouslypromoteexports,expandtheinternationalmarket,thedomesticindustrycanbeformedthateconomiesofscaletocreatetheconditions.

（二）AtpresenttheproblemsofChina'sforeigntrade

1.Alowpricecompetitioncausedbythegradualincreaseinanti-dumpinginvestigation

AccordingtoChina'sMinistryofCommercestatistics,inJune2011,China'sstate-sponsoredbyotheranti-dumpinginvestigationshasreachedmorethan600since.In2010alone,China'santi-dumpinginvestigationof51cases,involving1.79billionU.S.dollars,hasfor13consecutiveyearsastheworld'santi-dumpinginvestigationsthananyothercountry.Anti-dumpingisfordumpingpurposes,theso-calleddumpingreferstotheexportpriceofaproductatapricelowerthanthenormalvalueofthemarketintoanothercountry.Dumpingappeared,somecountriesareconsideredtobeunfairtradepracticesandtoberesistedbythelegislativeanti-dumpingmeasurestoprotectthedomesticindustry.Accordingto"Anti-DumpingAgreement,"theimplementationofanti-dumpingmeasuresmusthavethreebasicelements:

dumping,thecausallinkbetweenthedamage,dumpingandinjury.Becauseourproductsgenerallyhaveaclearpriceadvantage,makinginternationalcompetitorsandtradingpartnerstotakedefensiveoroffensivetrademeasuresagainstChineseproducts,andanti-dumpingmeasuresismostlikelytobeused.Alsoaccordingto"Anti-DumpingAgreement"providesforproductsfromnon-marketeconomycountries,thenormalpriceindeterminingthedumping,theimportingcountriesgenerallyusetheprice"alternativecountry"asthebaseprice.Manytradingpartnerofourproducts,asanon-marketeconomycountry,indeterminingthemargino