it的用法.docx
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it的用法
“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
2011-3-2
一、It用作实词
表达以下概念:
指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this,that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……
二、It用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It作形式主语的常见句型：
1.代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为
（1）Itbeadj.（forsb.）todosth.
此处adj.通常为描述事件的形容词：
easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous…
例Itisillegal（forateenager）todriveacarwithoutalicense.
（2）Itbeadj.ofsb.todosth.
此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词：
kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.
例It‘skindofyoutohelpmewiththeproblem.
（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It‘snogood/usedoing…
It‘s（well）worthdoing…
It‘s（well）worthone‘swhiledoing/todo…
It‘s（well）worthwhiledoing/todo
例It‘snousecryingoverspiltmilk.
2.It替代作主语的从句常见句型
（1）Itis+noun+从句
例Itisnosecretthatthepresidentwantstohaveasecondtermatoffice.
（2）Itisadj.+clause
It‘ssurprisingthat…（should）………竟然……
It‘sapity/shamethat…（should）………竟然……
例It‘simportantthatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.（=It‘sofmuchimportancethatyoushouldapologizetoherforyourrudeness.）
（3）Itverbsb.+clause=Itisv-ing+clause
It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze
/bother/concern/frighten/please/angersb.that…
例Itworriedmethatshedrovesofast.（=Itwasworryingthatshedrovesofast.）
（4）Itverb（tosb.）that…=sb/sthverbtodo
（verb=appear,seem,comeabout,emerge,follow,chance,happen,occur,transpire,turnout,workout）
例It（so）happened/chancedthattheywereout.（=Theyhappened/chancedtobeout.）
（5）Itisv-edthat…=sb/sthistodo
（verb=say,report,think,believe,hope,expect,agree,accept,decide,determine,intend,plan,understand,know）
例Itissaidthatthecouplehavegottendivorced.（=Thecouplearesaidtohavegottendivorced.）
（6）Itisv-edthat…（should）…（demand,request,require,order,suggest,advise,recommend）
例Itissuggestedthattheyshouldbeginwiththethirdquestion.
三、It作主语的句型
1.Ittakessb.…todo…（=sbtakes…todo…）某人用多长时间做某事
例Ittookthemenaweektomendourroof.（=Thementookaweektomendourroof.）
2.It‘s（just）（un）likesb.todo…（不）像某人做某事的风格
例Itwas（just）likehimtothinkofhelpingus.
3.It‘s（about/high）timethat…should/v-ed…是该做某事的时候了
例It‘s（about/high）timethatweshouldtakeaction.
4.It‘sthex-thtime（that）…havev-ed…第几次做某事了
例It‘sthethirdtimethathehasfailedthedrivingtest.
5.Itis/hasbeen…since…continuousv-ed（延续性动词）某动作已有多长时间不发生了例It‘s10yearsthathelivedhere
6.Itwas（not）…before…过（不）了多长时间某动作发生了
例Itwasnotlongbeforetheyarrived.
四、It作形式宾语
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It作形式宾语的常见句型：
1.verb+it+adj./noun（for/of）todo/clause（verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…）
例Ithinkithardforyoutodothetaskonyourown./Ithinkithardthatyou‘lldothetaskonyourown.
2.verb+it+adj./noun（one‘s）doing（adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile）（noun=nouse/nogood/worthone‘swhile/awasteoftime/money/energy/words）（verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…）
例I‘llmakeitworthyourwhiletellingmeabouthissecret.
3.verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essentialthat…（should）…
verb+it+ofmuch/great/no/littleimportancethat…（should）…
（verb=think,believe,suppose,consider,feel,make,keep…）
例Ithinkitimportantthatyou（should）attendtheconference.
4.verb+it+as+noun/adj.+clause（verb=accept,regard,take,see,view）
例Thelecturertakesitasencouragingwhensomanystudentsattendhislecture.
5.v.+it+prep.+that…
oweittosb.that…把…归功于…
leaveittosbthat…把…留给某人去做
takeitforgrantedthat…想当然
keepitinmindthat…
例Don‘tbothertoarrangeanything.Justleaveittometosortout.
6.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后，enjoy,like,love,dislike,resent,hate,don‘tmind,befondof,feellike,seeto宾语从句紧跟it之后
例IhateitthatyoucanswimsowellandIcan‘t.
7.It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后（exceptthat例外）
例I‘mforitthatyouwillfollowtheiradvice.
五、强调句型
Itis/was+被强调部分+that（who）…强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。
当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。
在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：
1.请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句
例Whenwasitthathechangedhismindtotakepartintheactivity？
2.在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句
例Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn‘tcometoschoolyesterday.
3.在强调not…until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上
例ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasmybrother.
4.注意强调句型与定语从句的区别
例Itwasat7o‘clockthathecamehereyesterday.（强调句型）
Itwas7o‘clockwhenhecamehereyesterday.（定语从句）
六、It常用的固定搭配
1.makeit
（1）.在口语当中相当于succeed,表示：
成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达
例It‘shardtomakeittothetopinshowbusiness.
（2）.在口语中相当于fixthedatefor,表示“约定好时间”
例—Shallwemeetnextweek?
—OK.WejustmakeitnextSaturday.
2.asitis
（1）.相当于infact,inreality表示“事实上，实际情况是……”
例Wehadplanedtofinishthetasktoday,butasitisweprobablywon‘tfinishituntilnextweek.
（2）.相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”
例Leavethetableasitis.
3.asitwere相当于asonemightsay,thatistosay,表示“也就是说，可以说，换句话说”例Heis,asitwere,amodernSherlockHolmes.
4.ifitweren‘tfor…/ifithadn‘tbeenfor…用来引导虚拟语气，相当于without,orbutfor,表示“如果不是……，要不是……”
例Ifitweren‘tforTom,Iwouldn‘tbealivetoday.
5.that‘sit
（1）.相当于That‘sall.That‘ssomuch.表示“至此为止，没有别的了”
例Youcanhaveonemoresweet,andthat‘sit.
（2）.相当于That‘sright.表示“对啦”
例—Iguessthekeytotheproblemisthechoice“A”
—That‘sit.
6.catchit在口语中，相当于bepunished/scoldedfordoingsth.wrong.表示“因做错事而挨骂，受责备，受批评，受惩罚”
例We‘llreallycatchitformourteacherifwe‘relateforclassagain.
7.haveit
（1）.相当于say,insist表示“说，主张，表明，硬说”
例Rumourhasitthattheyaregettingdivorced.
（2）.相当于gettoknowsomething,表示“了解，知道，获悉”
例IhaditfromJohnthatshewasgoingabroad.
8.havewhatittakes在口语中，相当于bewellqualifiedfor,表示“具有成功的条件”
例Youcantakeitfrommethatyourdaughterhaswhatittakestobeastar.
9.soitseems/appears.
10.Keepatit!
（Don‘tgiveup!
）相当于goon,表示“继续做，不放弃”
例Myteacheraskedmetokeepatit.
11.Goit!
（Goon!
）拼命干,莽撞
12.Nowyouhavedoneit!
（Youhavedonesth.wrong.）
13.Nowyou‘llcatchit!
（You‘llbepunished.）
14.Asithappened,…在口语中，相当于it‘sapitythat…,表示“真不凑巧，真遗憾”例Asithappened,theywereout.
15.Asitturnedout,…在口语中，相当于itwasfoundtobeintheend,表示“最后被证明是” 例Asitturnedout,hisstatementwasfalse.
16.Suchasitis（theyare）在口语中，相当于althoughitmaynotbeworthmuch,表示“虽然没有多大价值”
例Youcanborrowmyexamnotebook,suchasitis.
17.Takeit/thingseasy.相当于Don‘tworryordon‘thurry.用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气” 例Takeiteasy!
Hewilldoitwell.
18.Takeitfromme.在口语中，相当于believemewhatIsay.表示“请相信我的话，我敢担保” 例Youcantakeitfrommethathewillmakeitthistime.
19.Forwhatitisworth…在口语中，相当于althoughI‘mnotsureit‘sofvalue,表示“不管其价值如何”
例HereisthearticleIpromiseyou,forwhatit‘sworth.
20.Worthit在口语中，相当于useful,表示“有好处，值得做”
例Don‘thesitateaboutit!
It‘sworthit.
21.Believeitornot.表示“信不信由你”
22.Takeitorleaveit.v.要么接受要么放弃
例Thatismylastoffer.Youcantakeitorleaveit.
23.Italldepends/thatalldepends在口语中，相当于ithasn‘tbeendecidedyet,表示“那得看情况，还没有定下来”
24.It’suptosb.在口语中，相当于it‘sdecidedbysb.“由…决定，由…负责，取决于……”
Keys:
1. which/that we must insist on
2. most of whom were from Germany
3. where students are familiar with English words
4. when it will be very convenient for us to go sightseeing
5. which will be of great benefit to the poor people
6. As has been announced
7. whose window / the window of which faces south
8. that we look at it
9. when he was left alone at home
10. the larger of which stands nearly a hundred feet high.
11. As has been mentioned above
12. from where he could see what was happening
13. why my brother gave up/quit/stopped smoking
14. as is often the case
15. which you think you can not do
16. As everybody can see
17. as I expect
18. as I had never had before
19. as I lost yesterday.
20. it used to be
21. two thirds of whom are girls
22. the larger of which is used as a meeting room.
23. that is reading under the tree over there
24. that I have been looking for these days
25. which makes him stand out in his class
26. where he is likely to lose control
27. of which the name I don’t know
28. that interested him greatly
29. that has been produced.
30. with which I wrote that letter
31. that I have ever seen
32. that you will learn during these years
33. that you met last night
34. who failed the exam
"it"的用法练习－2答案：
1---5BABDC 6—10DBADD 11---15DDBBA 16---20CABCC
21—25CBDDC 26-30CABBA
it用法专项练习:
Keys:
1-5DBDCD 6-10DACAB 11-15AAABD 16-20CDDAC
21-25BCDAB 26-30CDDBD 31-35ADBCC
Itis…that英语句型系列补充强化训练 key：
BDBAA DDDCD BCBBB CCB
"it"的用法练习
一.选择题
1.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut___willneedalotofworkbeforetheycanmovein.
A.they B.it C.one D.which
2.Ihate_______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.
A.it B.that C.these D.them
3.Thechairmanthought _____ necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.
A．that B．itC．this
升级会员 