经济类文献中英文对照.docx

经济类文献中英文对照.docx

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经济类文献中英文对照

Appendix：

Shallowlow-carboneconomyinfluenceonChina'stextileindustryexporttrade,andputsforwardthecountermeasures

Now,LowCarbonEconomy（Low）thiswordsfewEconomygrowingnearthepublicview,andbegantopeopleaswell.Then,whatislow-carboneconomy?

WhatistheinfluenceofLowCarbonEconomyforChina'stextileindustryexporttrade？

TheconceptoflowcarboneconomybytheBritishgovernmentin2003.In2003,theBritishgovernmentinitsenergyinthefutureofourenergywhite:

createlow-carboneconomyfirstputforwardtheconceptoflowcarboneconomy.So-calledlowcarboneconomy,lowenergyconsumption,lowinpollutionandlowemissionofeconomicmodelbasedonhumansociety,theagriculturecivilization,industrialcivilizationagainafterthegreatprogress.Lowcarboneconomyishighenergyutilizationefficiencyandcleanenergystructure,thecoreistheenergytechnologyinnovation,systeminnovationandhumansurvivalanddevelopmentconceptoffundamentaltransformation.

Lowcarboneconomy,andputforwardnotaccidental,peopleincreasinglyrecognizethathumaneconomicactivitiesandcontinuousexpansionhasgivenussurviveearthbringsgreatdestruction,directconsequencescausedbytheearth'senvironmentistheseriouspollution,globalwarming,sealevelsrisingland,andcoveredbytheearth'senvironmentchangeofabnormalnaturaldisasters.Theproblemofourhumansocietyhastheirownsurvivalanddevelopmentcausedaseriousthreat.Therefore,lowcarboneconomyintheworld,immediately,especiallythewesternsocietydevelopedeconomyhascausedgreatresonanceandresponses.Theworld'seconomicsuperpowerU.S.2007,putsforwardthelowcarboneconomyact,suggeststhatlowcarboneconomydevelopmentroadbecametheimportantstrategicchoiceforthefutureoftheUnitedStates.Inthesameyear,theUnitedNationspassedaresolutionontheclimatechange,establishedthe"Baliroadmap",therequirementofdevelopedcountriesin2020willgreenhousegas25to40.

Ourcountryforlowcarboneconomyalsorespondedtothecorresponding.InSeptember2007,ChinesePresidenthujintaointheasia-pacificeconomiccooperation（APEC）summitonthe15th,putforwardtodevelopChinasolemnlylow-carboneconomy,demonstratedthatweasaworldpower,environmentalprotection,totheworldofthefutureofthehumansocietysustainabledevelopmentofresponsibilityandmission.

Inthethirdworld,theindustryhasbeendevelopingcountriesisthepillarindustriesofnationaleconomy,highproportion.BecauseChina'sindustrialtechnology,thewholeprocessandequipmentisstilllagsbehindthatofdevelopedcountries,China'sindustrialoutputenergyconsumedbyfarabovethelevelofdevelopedcountries.Atthesametime,inChina'senergyresourcesdistribution,theproportionofcoalthanotherenergy.Accordingtothenationalbureauofstatisticsyearbook2008datareleased,in2007,China'stotalenergyproductionincoal,andtheproportionoftotalenergyproductionto%andcleanenergywaterelectricity,nuclearpower,windpowerproportiononlypercent（seechart1）.Intheenergyconsumptionandtheproportionofcoaland%high（seechart2）.Alltheenergyconsumptionandindustrialconsumptionaccountedforall%energyconsumption.Theabovedatashowsthatthecarbonemissions,presentinlargequantity,underthesituationofeconomicdevelopmentisstillwithincreasingtrend.

Chinaisstillatthestageofthehighspeeddevelopmentofeconomy,theeconomicdevelopmentisthecountry'stoppriority.Thisisadecisionwillbetakeninourcountryalthoughvariousmeasurestoreducepollutionandreduceemissions,butbecauseourcountryindustrystructureadjustmentintheshortterm,notcompletebutenergystructureandenergyconsumptioninalongtimewillremainthecurrentstructure,sowiththedevelopmentofeconomy,China'stotalcarbonemissionswillincrease.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsdevelopmentprograminDecember2007,thehumandevelopmentreport,releasedin2007,China2008"/carbonemissionsinAmerica,onlyafterthesecondintheworld.VerylikelysurpasstheUnitedStatesin2009,rankedfirst.

Iftherequirementofwesterncountries,Chinareducecarbonemissions,thepresentconditionthattheonlywaytostopthedevelopmentofeconomy,itisclearlyimpossiblechoice.BecauseChina'slargepopulation,althoughpercapitaemissionsofcarbononlyAmerican1/5-1/6,butcarbonemissions,facingthegreatwesterncountriesrequirereductionpressure.Especiallyinexporttrade,becauseourtraditionalexportsarelabor-intensiveproducts,hasobvioushighinvestment,highcostandlowtechnology,lowoutputcharacteristicofhighcarboneconomyinwesterncountries,importandexporttradeimbalanceofcircumstances,morevulnerabletothepressurefromwesterncountries.Lowcarboneconomyduetooccupytheprotectionoftheenvironment,theauthorthinksthatmoralpointinthenearfuture,lowcarboneconomywillbewavedfortools,westerncountriesforourexporttradeadversely.

Concretelyspeaking,therearetwoadverseeffects:

First,setonChinatradebarriers,increaseproductsalescost,makeproductpriceadvantagelossinChina.

Westerncountrieshavebeenkeenonrecentdiscussionsindevelopingcountrieslevyduties,usingtheso-calledcarbonemissionsofcarbonoftradeprotectionism,developingcountries,especiallyChina'sexports.

So-calledfewTariffcustoms（Carbon）referstothespecialproductsimportedhightariffsimposedCarbondioxideemissions.

TheconceptofaformerFrenchPresidentJacqueschiracfirst,isintendedtoeucountriesshouldabidebytheKyotoprotocol,thecountryofimportgoods,otherwiseinconsistingofcarbonemissionstradingmechanism,thegoodswillsufferunfaircompetition,especiallyinsteelindustryandindustry.

March2009,theusenergysecretaryZhuDiWenifothercountrieshaveimplementedcompulsorymeasuresforgreenhousegasemissions,Americawillcollect"carbontariffs.

InearlyJune2009,heldinBonnUNclimatechangeconference,apartoftheU.S.representativeproposedproductsimportedfromChinatariffs.

June2009,22statesCleanEnergySecurityActasCleanEnergySecurityandtheACESA（representatives）testimony.

Althoughatpresentintheworld,thereisnocountryinothercountriesimporttariffs,butACESAcarbontaxlaw,includingChina,Americahastherighttolimittheimplementationofcarbonemissionscountrynotacarbonproductsimportedtariffs.TheU.S.senatehasvotedtoactwillformallywentintoeffect,fromthelawgivesthePresidentoftheUnitedStatestoothercountrieslevydutiesofcarbon.OnceACESAlawgoesintoeffectformally,notonlytheUnitedStates,otherwesterncountrieswillfollowinsuccession,legallyrecognizedtheeffectivenessofcarbontariffs.Inthefuture,China'sexporttrade,whenChina'sexportswasimposedsomehighcarbontariffs,exportpriceswillgreatlyenhancethecompetitivenessofthemarkettolose.

Second,thesettingofnon-tariffbarriers,usingstandardwillcertainkindsofChineseproductsaccordingtotheoutsidein.

Inwesterncountriesthenon-tariffbarriersisatypicalmarketaccessstandardsetauthentication.Willreachthestandardoftheproductsinthemarketofexclusion.Producerswouldmakealotofmoneyintothewesternstandardsofhumanauthenticationwork,increasethecostofproductionandreducetheproduct'scompetitiveness.

So,intheinternationaleconomicenvironmentadvocatelowcarbon,howshouldwerespondtoenterprisesinChina,whichwillbefortheadverseeffectsbottomedout?

Theauthorthinksthatthefollowingmeasuresshouldbeadopted.

First,thestateshouldactivelyeffectivelyadjusttheindustrialstructure,andoptimizethestructureoftrade,increasingtheproportionofservicetrade.Atthesametime,theenterpriseitselfinthecountryshallbeundertheguidanceoftherealizationoftheenterpriseandupgrading.

1Nationalfurtherthroughrelevantindustrypolicyformulation,adheretotakeanewroadtoindustrialization,toreformandopeningupandtechnologicalprogressasthepower,enhancetheabilityofindependentinnovation,encourageandsupportthedevelopmentofadvancedproductioncapacity,restrictionsandbackwardproductioncapacity,preventhaphazardinvestmentandlowlevelrepeatedconstruction,promotetheupgradingoftheindustrialstructure,theindustrialstructureinChinatohealth,reasonable,effective,economicalandecologicaldevelopment,China'sindustrialstructurehasthefeaturesofsustainabledevelopment.

2Countrieswithcapital,capitalofguidedbytheentityeconomy,especiallyforindividualintoincreasedcapitaloftheprivateeconomy,andtoacceleratetheinvestmentofmorehigh-techenterprisedevelopmentandsupport,andgraduallychangedourexportwithlabor-intensiveandresources,thepresentsituationofdensenessexportproductstoimprovethetechnologycontentandaddedvalue,improvetheexport-orientedenterpriseswithintheproductionofindependentintellectualpropertyrights,andgraduallyreduceandgetridofhigh-techproductsexportedbyforeignintellectualproperty.

3Topropelthedevelopmentofservicetrade,tradeinservicesofChinaexportsasanewgrowthpoint.ToimprovethecompetitivenessofChina'sservicetrade,tradeinservicesofmorehigh-techcontent,vigorouslydevelope-commerce,China'sforeigntradeinservicesonascalefromtogetbasiclevelofascension.

4Forenterpriseitself,ourenterpriseshallpresentinterestsandlong-termdevelopmentprospecttogether,establishgoodgreenenvironmentalprotectionconsciousness,automaticcompletionoftheproductionandoperationofenterprise