毕业设计外文翻译格式规范.docx

毕业设计外文翻译格式规范.docx

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毕业设计外文翻译格式规范

外文翻译

院系

北方软件学院

专业

计算机科学与技术

班级

2401101

学号

20023011010

姓名

李　杰

指导教师

负责教师

沈阳航空航天大学

2014年6月

MicrosoftVisualStudio

1MicrosoftVisualStudio 

VisualStudioincludesa codeeditor supporting IntelliSense aswellas coderefactoring.Theintegrated debugger worksbothasasource-leveldebuggerandamachine-leveldebugger.Otherbuilt-intoolsincludeaformsdesignerforbuilding GUI applications,webdesigner, classdesigner,and databaseschema designer.Itacceptsplug-insthatenhancethefunctionalityatalmosteverylevel—includingaddingsupportforsource-control systems（like Subversion and VisualSourceSafe）andaddingnewtoolsetslikeeditorsandvisualdesignersfor domain-specificlanguages ortoolsetsforotheraspectsofthe softwaredevelopmentlifecycle （likethe TeamFoundationServer client:

TeamExplorer）.

VisualStudiosupportsdifferent programminglanguages bymeansoflanguageservices,whichallowthecodeeditoranddebuggertosupport（tovaryingdegrees）nearlyany programminglanguage,providedalanguage-specificserviceexists.Built-inlanguagesinclude C/C++ （via VisualC++）, VB.NET （via VisualBasic.NET）, C# （via VisualC#）,and F# （asofVisualStudio2010）.Supportforotherlanguagessuchas M,Python,and Ruby amongothersisavailablevialanguageservicesinstalledseparately.Italsosupports XML/XSLT, HTML/XHTML, JavaScriptand CSS.Individuallanguage-specificversionsofVisualStudioalsoexistwhichprovidemorelimitedlanguageservicestotheuser:

MicrosoftVisualBasic,VisualJ#,VisualC#,andVisualC++.

Microsoftprovides"Express"editionsofitsVisualStudio2010componentsVisualBasic,VisualC#,VisualC++,andVisualWebDeveloperatnocost.VisualStudio2010,2008and2005ProfessionalEditions,alongwithlanguage-specificversions（VisualBasic,C++,C#,J#）ofVisualStudio2005areavailableforfreetostudentsasdownloadsviaMicrosoft's DreamSpark program.

2Architecture

VisualStudiodoesnotsupportanyprogramminglanguage,solutionortoolintrinsically.Instead,itallowsplugginginvarioustypesoffunctionality.SpecificfunctionalityiscodedasaVSPackage.Wheninstalled,thefunctionalityisavailableasa Service.TheIDEprovidesthreeservices:

SVsSolution,whichprovidestheabilitytoenumerateprojectsandsolutions;SVsUIShell,whichprovideswindowingandUIfunctionality（includingtabs,toolbarsandtoolwindows）;andSVsShell,whichdealswithregistrationofVSPackages.Inaddition,theIDEisalsoresponsibleforcoordinatingandenablingcommunicationbetweenservices. Alleditors,designers,projecttypesandothertoolsareimplementedasVSPackages.VisualStudiouses COM toaccesstheVSPackages.TheVisualStudio SDK alsoincludesthe ManagedPackageFramework （MPF）,whichisasetof managed wrappersaroundtheCOM-interfacesthatallowthePackagestobewritteninany CLIcompliantlanguage. However,MPFdoesnotprovideallthefunctionalityexposedbytheVisualStudioCOMinterfaces. Theservicescanthenbeconsumedforcreationofotherpackages,whichaddfunctionalitytotheVisualStudioIDE.

SupportforprogramminglanguagesisaddedbyusingaspecificVSPackagecalleda LanguageService.AlanguageservicedefinesvariousinterfaceswhichtheVSPackageimplementationcanimplementtoaddsupportforvariousfunctionalities. Functionalitiesthatcanbeaddedthiswayincludesyntaxcoloring,statementcompletion,bracematching,parameterinformationtooltips,memberlistsanderrormarkersforbackgroundcompilation. Iftheinterfaceisimplemented,thefunctionalitywillbeavailableforthelanguage.Languageservicesaretobeimplementedonaper-languagebasis.Theimplementationscanreusecodefromtheparserorthecompilerforthelanguage.Languageservicescanbeimplementedeitherin 

nativecode or managedcode.Fornativecode,eitherthenativeCOMinterfacesortheBabelFramework（partofVisualStudioSDK）canbeused. Formanagedcode,theMPFincludeswrappersforwritingmanagedlanguageservices.

VisualStudiodoesnotincludeany sourcecontrol supportbuiltinbutitdefinestwoalternativewaysforsourcecontrolsystemscanintegratewiththeIDE. ASourceControlVSPackagecanprovideitsowncustomiseduserinterface.Incontrast,asourcecontrolpluginusingthe MSSCCI （MicrosoftSourceCodeControlInterface）providesasetoffunctionsthatareusedtoimplementvarioussourcecontrolfunctionality,withastandardVisualStudiouserinterface. MSSCCIwasfirstusedtointegrate VisualSourceSafe withVisualStudio6.0butwaslateropenedupviatheVisualStudioSDK.VisualStudio.NET2002usedMSSCCI1.1,andVisualStudio.NET2003usedMSSCCI1.2.VisualStudio2005,2008and2010useMSSCCIVersion1.3,whichaddssupportforrenameanddeletepropagationaswellasasynchronousopening.

VisualStudiosupportsrunningmultipleinstancesoftheenvironment.Theinstancesusedifferentregistry hives （see MSDN's definition oftheterm"registryhive"inthesenseusedhere）tostoretheirconfigurationstateandaredifferentiatedbytheirAppId（ApplicationID）.TheinstancesarelaunchedbyanAppId-specific.exethatselectstheAppId,setstheroothiveandlaunchestheIDE.VSPackagesregisteredforoneAppIdareintegratedwithotherVSPackagesforthatAppId.ThevariousproducteditionsofVisualStudioarecreatedusingthedifferentAppIds.The 

VisualStudioExpress editionproductsareinstalledwiththeirownAppIds,buttheStandard,Professionaland TeamSuite productssharethesameAppId.Consequently,onecaninstalltheExpresseditionsside-by-sidewithothereditions,unliketheothereditionswhichupdatethesameinstallation.TheprofessionaleditionincludesasupersetoftheVSPackagesinthestandardeditionandtheteamsuiteincludesasupersetoftheVSPackagesinbothothereditions.TheAppIdsystemisleveragedbythe VisualStudioShell inVisualStudio2008.

3Features

3.1Codeeditor

VisualStudio,likeanyother IDE,includesa codeeditor thatsupports syntaxhighlighting and codecompletion using IntelliSense fornotonly variables,functions and methods butalsolanguageconstructslike loops and queries. IntelliSenseissupportedfortheincludedlanguages,aswellasfor XML andfor CascadingStyleSheets and JavaScript whendevelopingwebsitesand webapplications. Autocompletesuggestionsarepoppedupinamodelesslistbox,overlaidontopofthecodeeditor.InVisualStudio2008onwards,itcanbemadetemporarilysemi-transparenttoseethecodeobstructedbyit.Thecodeeditorisusedforallsupportedlanguages.

TheVisualStudiocodeeditoralsosupportssettingbookmarksincodeforquicknavigation.Othernavigationalaidsincludecollapsingcodeblocksandincrementalsearch,inadditiontonormaltextsearchand regex search. Thecodeeditoralsoincludesamulti-item clipboard andatasklist.Thecodeeditorsupportscodesnippets,whicharesavedtemplatesforrepetitivecodeandcanbeinsertedintocodeandcustomizedfortheprojectbeingworkedon.Amanagementtoolforcodesnippetsisbuiltinaswell.Thesetoolsaresurfacedasfloatingwindowswhichcanbesettoautomaticallyhidewhenunusedordockedtothesideofthescreen.TheVisualStudiocodeeditoralsosupports 

coderefactoring includingparameterreordering,variableandmethodrenaming,interface extractionandencapsulationofclassmembersinsideproperties,amongothers.

VisualStudiofeaturesbackgroundcompilation（alsocalledincrementalcompilation）. Ascodeisbeingwritten,VisualStudiocompilesitinthebackgroundinordertoprovidefeedbackaboutsyntaxandcompilationerrors,whichareflaggedwitharedwavyunderline.Warningsaremarkedwithagreenunderline.Backgroundcompilationdoesnotgenerateexecutablecode,sinceitrequiresadifferentcompilerthantheoneusedtogenerateexecutablecode. Backgroundcompilationwasinitiallyintroducedwith MicrosoftVisualBasic buthasnowbeenexpandedforallincludedlanguages.

3.2Debugger

VisualStudioincludesa debugger thatworksbothasasource-leveldebuggerandasamachine-leveldebugger.Itworkswithboth managedcode aswellas nativecode andcanbeusedfordebuggingapplicationswritteninanylanguagesupportedbyVisualStudio.Inaddition,itcanalsoattachtorunningprocessesandmonitoranddebugthoseprocesses. Ifsourcecodefortherunningprocessisavailable,itdisplaysthecodeasitisbeingrun.Ifsourcecodeisnotavailable,itcanshowthe disassembly.TheVisualStudiodebuggercanalsocreate memorydumps aswellasloadthemlaterfordebugging. Multi-threadedprogramsarealsosupported.ThedebuggercanbeconfiguredtobelaunchedwhenanapplicationrunningoutsidetheVisualStudioenvironmentcrashes.

Thedebuggerallowssettingbreakpoints（whichallowexecutiontobestoppedtemporarilyatacertainposition）andwatches（whichmonitorthevaluesofvariablesastheexecutionprogresses）.Breakpointscanbeconditional,meaningtheygettriggeredwhentheconditionismet.Codecanbesteppedover,i.e.,runoneline（ofsourcecode）atatime.Itcaneither stepinto functionstodebuginsideit,or stepover it,i.e.,theexecutionofthefunctionbodyisn'tavailableformanualinspection.Thedebuggersupports EditandContinue,i.e.,itallowscodetobeeditedasitisbeingdebugged.Whendebugging,ifthemousepointerhoversoveranyvariable,itscurrentvalueisdisplayedinatooltip（"datatooltips"）,whereitcanalsobemodifiedifdesired.Duringcoding,theVisualStudiodebuggerletscertainfunctionsbeinvokedmanuallyfromthe Immediate toolwindow.TheparameterstothemethodaresuppliedattheImmediate