ie3d教程chap2.docx

ie3d教程chap2.docx

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ie3d教程chap2

Chapter2BasicConceptsandWindowConfiguration

Beforegoingthroughanyexample,wewillfirstexplainsomeimportantconcepts,andexplainthebasicconfigurationoftheMGRID,MODUAandPATTERNVIEWwindows.

Section1.BasicConcepts

Inthissection,wewillexplainsomebasicconceptsandterminologiesfrequentlyusedinthemanual.Table2.1documentsthosecommonlyusedterminologies.

Table2.1Thefrequentlyusedconceptsandterminologiesinthismanual.

Terminology

Explanation

2DLayer

Itisalayerwitheither2Dpolygonsorsomesubstrateinterfaceonit.

2DPolygon

Itisapolygonwithallitsverticesononesingleconstantz-plane.

3DLayer

Itisalayerwithonlysomeverticesofoneormore3Dpolygonsonit.

3DPolygon

Itisapolygonwithverticesonmorethan1layer.

AEC

ItistheabbreviationofAutomaticEdgeCells:

afeaturetoaddsmallcellsalongtheedgesforhighaccuracysimulationaccuracy.

AECLeveland

Multi-LevelAEC

StartingfromIE3D11,weareabletocreatemultiplesmallcellsalongtheedgesforevenhigheraccuracysimulationresults.TheAECLevelmeansthenumberofedgecellsalongtheedge.Fornormallyapplicationssuchasdesignofa20dBcoupler,AECLevel=1（onelayerofedgecells）isgoodenough.Forveryhighaccuracyrequirementsuchasdesignofa40dBcoupler,AECLevel=2（twolayersofedgecells）willberequired.

AIF

ItistheabbreviationofAdaptiveIntelli-Fit:

Aschemeallowinguserstogetthefrequencyresponseofmanyfrequencypointswithguaranteedaccuracybysimulatingjustafewfrequencypoints.Itwillreducethesimulationtimemanytimes.Itcertainlyisnicetoobtainfastresultsusingdatafromfewfrequencypoints.However,iftheschemecannotalwaysguaranteehighaccuracy,itisuseless.ThemostimportantthingabouttheAIFinIE3Disthatitalwaysguaranteeshighaccuracyinanycase,aslongasyoudefinefineenoughfrequencypoints.

Cell

Asmallrectangleortriangleinameshedstructure.

CurrentDistributionFile

ThefilecreatedbyIE3DforuseinMGRIDforthecurrentdistributionvisualization,radiationpatterncalculationandnearfieldcalculationandvisualization.Ittakes.CURasextension.

Cursor

ItisthepointerofthemousewhenyouareusingtheWindowssystem.

De-embeddingArm

Theextensiononeachextensionportusedtoemulateasemi-infinitelongtransmissionlineforaccurateextractionofs-parameters.Itiscreatedautomaticallybythesimulatortostabilizethestandingwavesonthestructure.Normally,itshouldnotbecoupledwithotherirrelevantstructureorde-embeddingarmsunlessitisindifferentialports.

DesignFile

ThefilecreatedandsavedonthebundledcircuitsimulatorMODUA.Ittakes.DSGextension.

Edge

Anedgeisastraightlineformedbyconnectingtwoconsecutiveverticesofapolygon.

ElectricalConnection

Twopolygonsareconsideredelectricallyconnectediftheyhaveacommonedgewith2matchedvertices.ThisisaveryimportantconceptanditwillbediscussedextensiveinChapter4.

Fmax

ItistheMeshingFrequencyusedtomeshthestructure.ItisalsocalledtheHighestApplicationFrequency.ThehigherFmaxis,thefinerthestructureismeshed,thehigheraccuracytheresultsnormallyare,andthelongerittakestosimulatethestructure.However,theresultsmaynotbealwaysmoreaccuratewithhigherFmax.Weneedtoadjustthelengthsofthede-embeddingarmscorrespondinglyinordertogetconsistentconvergence.StartingfromIE3D11,wehavetheoptiontoautomaticallyadjustthelengthsofthede-embeddingarmswithchangingFmax.

GeometryFile

ItisthemainfilecreatedandsavedonMGRID.ItdescribesthegeometryfortheIE3Dsimulation.Ittakes.GEOextension.

Gridding

SeeMeshing

Meshing

TheprocesstodividepolygonsdescribingageometryintorectangularandtriangularcellsforEMsimulation.

MinimumLength

Thelargestlengthvalueofagridwithallthedimensionsofacircuitfittingintothisgrid.Example:

Theminimumlengthofarectangularstripof2mmby5mmis1mm.

Mouse

Aninputdevice.Twomousebuttons,leftbuttonandrightbutton,areutilizedinMGRIDforselectionanddatainput.Theleftbuttonisusedtoselectobjectsandmenus.Whenitisinpolygoninputmode,theleftbuttonisgenerallyusedtolocateavertex.Doubleclickingtheleftbuttoncausesasetofverticestoformapolygoninthepolygoninputmode.Therightbuttonisusedtobringupthefrequentlyusedmenuitemsinthemode.

Ncell

ThefullnameofNcellisCellsperWaveguideWavelength.Itisthemeshingparameter.OntheIE3D,theproductofFmaxandNcelldeterminesthemeshingdensity.Forexample,Fmax=20andNcell=20producethesamemeshingasFmax=10andNcell=40.

Node

Avertexofapolygonoracell.

Optimization

Theprocessoftuningtheshapeofacircuitautomaticallybythesimulatortoachieveanoptimizedcircuitofrequiredperformance.

PatternFile

ThefilestoringpatterninformationcreatedbyeitherIE3DorMGRID.ItshouldisusedbyPATTERNVIEWforpatternvisualization,comparisonandpost-processing.

Polygon

Aseriesofverticesconnectedonebyonetoformanenclosedregion.TheinteriorofapolygoniscoloredontheMGRIDwindow.Agroupof2Dand3DpolygonsareusedtodescribeanarbitrarilyshapedstructureonIE3D.

Port

Aportisoneor2terminalsofacircuit.OntheIE3D,aportisoneterminalofthestructurewhenthereisaninfinitegroundplane.Whenthereisnoinfinitegroundplane,auserneedstodefineaportasapairofpositiveandnegativeterminals.Numericalerrormaybeintroducedifwedon’tdefineaportinpair（+,-）ordefineadifferentialport（verticallocalizedorhorizontallocalizedportwithself-contained+and–terminals）onastructurewithoutaninfinitegroundplane.

SelectanEdge

TherearetwocasesweneedtoselectanedgeonMGRID.OneisfordefiningaportonanedgeinthePort->DefinePortmodeofMGRID.Youcanclicktheleftmousebuttonontheedgeandtheedgewillbeselectedasaport.AnothercaseisinEdit->SelectVerticesmodewhenyouareeditingverticesand/orpolygons.Youcanwindow2consecutiveverticesofapolygon.Theedgebetweenthe2verticesisconsideredtobeselectedafteryouselectthe2consecutivevertices.

SelectaPolygon

InEdit->SelectPolygonmode,pointthecursoratapolygonofaspecificlayerandclicktheleftmousebutton.Thepolygonwillturntoblackcolorindicatingitisbeingselected.Selectingaselectedpolygonwillde-selectit.

SelectaPolygonbyWindowing

InEdit->SelectPolygonGroupmode,windowalltheverticesofapolygontoselectit.Incaseyouwindowalltheverticesofmultiplepolygons,allthepolygonswithallverticeswindowedwillbeselected.TheselectionwillfocusonthosecheckedlayersintheLayerWindowatthelowerrightcorneroftheMGRIDwindow.

SelectaVertex

InEdit->SelectVerticesmode,windowonevertexonaspecificlayertoselectit.

SelectEdit->Copycommand.

ThisisafrequentlyusedphraseintheIE3Dmanual.Itmeans“SelectthemenuitemCopyintheEditmenu”.

Side

Itisanedgeofarectangularcellortriangularcell.

Simulate

ItistheproceduretoselectProcess->Simulatecommand.EnterappropriateparametersandselectOKtoinvokeIE3DenginetoperformanEMsimulationonthecurrentgeometryonMGRID.

Simulation

ItisthemainprocessofIE3Dtocalculatethecurrentdistributionands-parametersofacircuitorantenna.

SimulationInputFile

SimulationInputFileisalsocalled.simfileonIE3Dbecauseittakestheextensionof.SIM.ItisafilecreatedbythecommandProcess->Simulate（orProcess->Optimize）onMGRIDorMODUA.OnIE3D,allgeometryinformationissavedinthe.GEOfile.However,theinformationaboutasimulation（filenames,frequencypoints,simulationsettings）issavedinthe.SIMfile.ThesimulationinputfilewillbeusedasthecommandlinevariableininvokingtheIE3Dsimulationengine.

TLN

TLNistheabbreviationforTransmissionline.

Vertex

Apointonapolygonboundaryusedindescribingthepolygon.

Window

Normally,“window”meansarectangleonthescreenintheMicrosoftWindowssystem.Inthismanual,wewillalsouse“window”asaverbtorefertotheactionofwindowing（seeWindowing）

Windowing

Itmeansthefollowingactionseries:

（1）movethemousecursortotheupperleft,pressdowntheleftmousebutton,dragthemouse,whiletheleftmousebuttonisstillbeingpresseddown,tolowerrightandreleasetheleftmousebutton.Theactionseriesdefinesthediagonalofawindow.ItisusedextensiveinIE3Dinselectingobjectsanddefiningports.

Section2.TheConfigurationofIE3D’sMainLayoutEditor

StartingfromIE3D12,therearemultiplegeometryeditorsfortheIE3D,IE3DLIBRARYandAGIF.Eachhasitsownadvantageindifferentapplications.MGRIDisthemostfundamentalonedealingwithlow-levelobjectssuchasverticesandpolygons.IE3DLIBRARYisanobjectorientedschematic-layouteditordealingwithhighlevelobjectssuchasparameterizedT-junction,coupledTLN,spiralinductorsandfilters.AGIFisalsodealingwithpolygons.However,itisinascript-likewayforlayoutsfromGDSIIandCadencelayouteditors.ThecommandsofIE3DLIBRARYandAGIFarebaseduponthelowleveloperationsonMGRID.WewillmainlyfocusourdiscussiononMGRIDwhileweuseadditionaldocumentsforIE3DLIBRARYandAGIF.

MGRIDservestwopurposes:

（1）Pre-processoraslayouteditor.

（2）Post-processorfors-parametervisualization,currentdistributionvisualization,patterncalculation,nearfieldcalculationandvisualization,andlumpedelementextraction.Thewindowconfigurationisnotcompletelythesameforth