同等学力英语语法辅导1.docx
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同等学力英语语法辅导1
2010级研究生课程进修班语法辅导
语法重点复习和练习
I.主谓一致
II.动词
III.虚拟语气
IV.比较级
V.倒装句
VI.情态动词
VII.复合从句
☺2010GrammarReview1
☺2010GrammarReview2
☺2010GrammarReview3
I.主谓一致
1）.ProfessorPole,togetherwithtenofhisstudentsandallhisassistants,（is,are）workingatthelab.
2）.Thedirector,accompaniedbythemanagers,（is,are）inspectingthenewly-builtfactory.
3）.Myfatheraswellasmymotherandmysister（is,are）enjoyingthevacationabroad.
2.物质名词
4）.Alotofmilk（was,were）pouredintothesea.
5）.Toomuchsalt（does,do）younogood.
3.量词
6）.Everyboyandgirl（know,knows）theruleofgame.
7）.Muchtime（has,have）beenwastedintalkingwithoutdoing.
8）.Thewholehouse（has,have）toberenovated.
9）.Agreatdealofgold（has,have）beenminedillegallyandsmuggledoutofthecountry.
10）.Themajorityofthecommitteemembers（is,are）fortheproposal.
11）.Theminorityofthestudents（is,are）againstthisregulation.
4.连接词连接两个成分
12）.NeithershenorI（am,is）planningtogoabroad.
13）.Notonlythecoachbutalsotheplayers（is,are）greatlydisappointed.
14）.Thepilotaswellassomeofthepassengers（has,have）miraculouslysurvivedthecrash.
5.There句型
15）.There（has,have）littleraintoday.
16）.There（exist,exists）muchtobelearnedaboutthevariousgrainsandtheirvaluetohumansandanimals
6.从句作主语
17）.Thatreadingdetectivestoriesismorefunthanreadinganessayonphilosophy（is,are）obvious.
=It（is,are）obviousthatreadingdetectivestoriesismorefunthanreadinganessayonphilosophy
18）.Whoisresponsiblefortheseaccidents（is,are）notyetclear.
19）.Whathehasdoneandwhyhehasdoneit（is,are）questionsonlyhehimselfcananswer.
7.强调句
20）.Itismybrotherthat（has,have）devisedthescheme.
21）.Itisherfriendsthat（has,have）beentomanycountries.
●注：
如何确定强调句？
8.其他
22）.Morethanonesuggestion（have,has）beenmade.
23）.Morethanone（have,has）beendiscussed.
24.Electronics（is,are）Greektome.
25.TheNewYorkTimes（is,are）availabletobigcities
.
26.ThePhilippines（is,are）oneofthesouth-easterncountries.
II.动词
我想去看打球。
（如何翻译?
）
1.用法
（1）只能用不定式作宾语的动词有：
●1）.promise
●2）.Plan
●3）.refuse
●4）.fail
●5）.hesitate
●6）.expect
（2）只能用动名词作宾语的动词有：
●7）.suggest
●8）.enjoy
●9）.quit
●10）.avoid
●11）.finish
●12）.risk
●13）.deny
●14）.consider
●15）.Wouldyoumind
●16）.can’thelp
●17）.Idon’tfancy
（3）两者均可，意思差别不大
18）.begin,start（todo,doing）sth.
19）.like,prefer,love
20）.hate
（4）两者均可，意思差别很大
1）.
●21）.stopreading;stoptoread
●22）.leaveoffreading;leaveofftoread
2）.
●23）.trytotastethemango
●24）.trytakingtheChineseherbalmedicine
3）.
●25）.meantogobowling
●26）.Itmeansdoingtherightthing.
4）.
●27）.remember+tocallherafterthemeeting
●28）.remember+callingher
5.词组中“to” 是介词时
•29）.lookforwardto
•30）.devoteto
•31）.objectto
•32）.Hesubmittedto
•33）.Thisamountsto
•34）.resortedto
II.动词（时态）
考点1
•1）.Betweenonethingandanother,mysister（does,did）notfinishtyingher
paperlastnight.
•2）.Themeeting（willtake,took）placeafortnightagotomorrow.
•3）.（Did,Do）youmeanwhatyousayyesterdayevening?
•4）.Wehaven’tmeteachothersinceshe（leave,left）Guangzhou
考点2
•5）.I’llgowithyouonaholidayifclassesfornextweek（are,willbe）cancelled.
考点3
6）.Myboyfriend.
A.hasforeveradmiredme.
B.foreveradmiredme.
C.wasforeveradmiringme.
D.isforeveradmiringme.
考点4
7）.Bysixo’clocktonighthe（willleave,willhaveleft）forBeijing.
8）.Bythetimeyoucomebackwe（willhavegraduated,willgraduate）.
9）.MytrainarrivesinNewYorkateighto’clocktonight.TheplaneIwouldliketotakefromtherebythen.
•A.wouldleaveB.hasleft
•C.willhaveleftD.hadleft
考点5
10）.Theyfulfilledtheprojectearlierthanthey.
•A.haveexpectedB.hadexpected
•C.wereexpectingD.expected
考点6
11）.Thissoupsour.
•A.istastedB.aretasted
•C.tasteD.tastes
III.虚拟语气
基本句型：
从句…＋主句…
•If…+would…
•1）.Ifthesouphadmoresaltinit,itwouldtastebetter.
•2）IfIhadmethiminthestreet,Iwouldnothaverecognizedhim.
•3）.IfIweretoliveupto200yearsold,Iwouldchangemypresentwayoflife.
•注：
should;wereto;动词过去时（与将来时间相反）
•4）.Ifhecamenextweek,hewouldstillbeabletomeetus.
2.省if的句型
A.5）.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwouldnotquitnow.=
•WereIinyourposition,Iwouldnotquitnow.
6）.Ifyouhadnotgivenmeyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.=Hadyounotgivenmeyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.
B.without
7）.Withoutairandwater,there（willbe,would）nolifeonearth.
8）.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.
=IfIhadnotgivenmeyourhelp,Iwouldnothavecompletedmythesis.
C.butfor
9）.ButforyourhelpI（hadnotfound,wouldnothavefound）theplace.
3.混合型
•10）.IfyouthatDVDmovielastnight,youwouldn'tbesleepy.
•A.haven’twatched
•B.hadn’twatched
•C.didn'twatch
•D.wouldn'thavewatched
•11）.Iwouldhaverungyoubutthetelephone（was,hadbeen）outoforder.
•12）.Themeeting（was,wouldhavebeen）overontimebutSmithhelduswithhislongfinancialreport.
•13）.IwouldgotovisitthembutI（didn’t,don’t）thinktheyareanxioustoseeme.
3.Wish+从句
•hope与 wish的区别
•14）.IwishIknewhisname.
•15）.Hewisheshehadjotteddowntheaddress.
•16）.Weallwishyouwouldjoinustomorrow.
•17）.Howshewishesherfamilycouldgowithher.
4.有些动词的宾语从句虚拟语气省“should”
（1）.建议,提议，请求，命令
1）.suggest，propose;
2）.ask,require,request,demand;insist;
3）.order;
4）.recommend;
5）.urge;
6）.decide;
7）.maintain;
8）.move
9）.Wesuggestedyesterdaythathe（went,go）atonce.
10）.Theheadnurseinsiststhatthepatient（benot,notbe）moved.
11）.Theyinsistedthathe（was,be）wrong.
12）.Thesurveysuggestedthattheirfindings（be,were）reasonable.
（2）.It’ssuggestedthat…句型
13）.It’sproposedthatanurgentsurvey（was,be）maderightaway.
14）.Itisrequiredthatallapplicants（be,were）interviewed
（3）.It’s形容词that…句型
15）.Itisurgentthatreinforcement（be,is）senttothefrontatonce.
16）Itispreferablethatyou（brings,bring）moreclotheswithyou.
（4）固定搭配
wouldrather;hadrather
17）.We’drather（die,died）than（giveup，gaveup）ourbelief.
18）.You’drather（stay,stayed）hereforthenight.
19）.I’dratheryou（come,came）tomorrow
20）.They’dratherwe（are,were）notpresentatthemeeting..
21）.Wehadbetter（send,tosend）foranambulance.
22）.It’stimewe（shouldleave,leave,left）
IV.比较级
1.同级比较
（1）.thesame（+n.）as…
（2）.beasadj.as…
（3）.V.asadv.as…
•1）.Myshirtis（as,thesame）sizeasyours.
•2）.Ourhouseis（thesame,as）largeasyours.
•3）.Icandothejob（so,as）quicklyasyou.
•4）.Seldomdoweseehimdressed（as,so）decentlyastoday.
2.比较级
（1）.单音节＋－er（longer,later）
（2）.多音节more+beautiful
5）.Insummerthedaysaremorelongerthaninwinter.（此句对吗？
）
3.最高级
A.
6）.Butforsometypingerrors,theessaywouldbe（moreperfect,perfect）.
7）.Byputtingforthatotallynewtheory,hemade（themostunique,theunique）contributionstotheexplorationoftheoriginofthesolarsystem.
B.
8）.Thevideocameraissuperiorineveryrespect（than,to）that.
9）.Womenarenotinferior（than,to）men.
10）.Hiswifeissenior（than,to）himbyfiveyears.
11）.Thiscivilizationisbyfarjunior（than,to）thatoftheNileValley.
C.
否定词＋比较级＝最高级
12）.Noonecouldbemoreloyaltoduty（than,to）hewas.
13）.Nothingismoreprecious（than,to）timeyetnothinglessvalued.
4.同类比较
14）.ThepopulationofChinaislargerthan（thatof,/）anyothercountry.
15）.Thefurisassoftas（thatof,/）acat.
5.倍数
•倍数+（largerthan/smallerthan）+n.
•倍数+（asmuchas/asmanyas）+n
•倍数+（morethan）+n
16）.Theradionowcoststwice（morethan,asmuchas）itdidlastyear.
17）.Americanatenearlytentimesas（many,much）meatastheBritish.
18）.Ourroomisthreetimes（largerthan,largerto）theirs.
V.倒装句
1.否定词位于句首
1）.MyfriendhasneverbeentoBeijing.
NeverhasmyfriendbeentoBeijing.
2）.Hardlyhadwestarted（when,than）itbegantorain.
3）.NosoonerhadIlaindown（when,than）thetelephonerang.
注：
刚/一…就…
倒装句
4）Hardly…when…
5）Nosooner…than…
非倒装句
6）On…ing
7）Themoment/theminute/thesecond/theday从句…
8）-ly:
directly,immediately,instantly
9）.Themoment/（Directly）hereturnedhome,itbegantosnow.
2.Only位于句首Only+状语（或副词）…
10）.Wecanfinishourmaster’scoursesonlyinthisway.
•=Onlyinthiswaycanwefinishourmaster’scourses.
3.So位于句首
11）.Theearthquakewassostrongthatitcausedmanycasualties.
=Sostrongwastheearthquakethatitcausedmanycasualties.
4.Often位于句首
12）.Theteacheroftenwarnsuseverythingmatters.
•=Oftendoestheteacherwarnuseverythingmatters.
13）.Busy……heis,hecanseizethechanceoffulfillingthetask.
•A.becauseB.as
•C.nomatterhowD.although
14）.Hardlyanythingmorethanthehappinessofseeingsomeoneusinghisadvicefortreatment.
•A.pleasehimB.doespleasehim
•C.pleaseshimD.doeshimplease
15）.Scarcelyadropofrainfelllastmonth.
VI.情态动词
1.Should（oughtto）+have+done
•表示过去时间
•该做而没有做
•意思是：
“本来应该…”
2.Needn’t+have+done
•表示过去时间
•表示对已经做过的事情感到是不必要的。
3.must+have+done
•表示过去时间
•一种猜测
•意思是：
“一定…”
4.mustnot=mustn’t
•表示不可以做的…
•意思是：
“不能…
升级会员 