中级英语口语考试.docx

中级英语口语考试.docx

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中级英语口语考试

2016年二级起点第二学期口语考试题

TaskI.picturedescription

1.thepicturedescerptionedadiscissonbetweenapandadanadogthepandasaidtothedogbengbengyoushouldnotbetoofondofplayallthedayandyouneedtoacquiresomeskillsoryoumaycantdonothingbutthedoggsaidlkllkdfkklfjlklhl

daydream,betoofondofplay,acquiresomeskills,begoodat

2.

fox,crow,meat,vanity（虚荣）,cheat

3.

goldfish,goldfishbowl,sea,success,giveup,

4.

collegegraduates,lookforjobs,askforpity

5.

summerholiday,pupil,theviolin,writingbrush,abigschoolbag

6.

thepurposeofstudy,power,money

7.

wealth,civilization,generations,efforts

8.

thenewgeneration,Americanmilk,worshipandhaveblindfaithinforeignthings

9.

travel,touristarea,belitteredwithgarbage

10.

stumpsoftrees,therelicofaforest,atree,awall,ticketprice

1.Everyethnicgrouphasawayofdeterminingorexpressingmembership.Overtfactorsusedtodemonstrateordenotegroupmembershiparecalledethnicboundarymarkers.Ethnicboundarymarkersareimportantnotonlytoidentifythememberstooneanother,butalsotodemonstrateidentitytoanddistinctivenessfromnonmembers.Becausetheyservetodistinguishmembersformallothergroups,asingleboundarymarkerseldomissufficient.

2.Luckily,large-scalecommercialincidents,whiledramatic,makeuponlyafractionofthenation’stotalfood-poisoningcaseseachyear.Mostcasesarisefromoneperson’serrorinasmallsettingandaffectjustafewvictims.Somepeoplehavecometoacceptayearlyboutortwoofintestinalillnessasinevitable,butintruth,theseillnessescanandshouldbeprevented.Topreventthem,consumersneedtolearnhowtoselect,prepare,andstorefoodsafely.

3.Awidevarietyofculturaltraits,clothing,housetypes,personaladornment,food,technology,economicactivities,orgenerallifestylemayalsoserveasethnicboundarymarker.Overthepast100years,arapidhomogenizationofworldmaterialculture,foodhabits,andtechnologyhaserasedmanyofthemoreovertculturalmarkers.Today,youdonothavetobeMexicantoenjoytacos,Italiantoeatpizza,orJapanesetohavesushiforlunch.Culturaltraitsremain,however,themostimportant,diverse,andcomplexcategoryofethnicboundarymarkers.

4.Suchconflictasmorecommoninthemodernworldthanmostofusrealize.Tounderstandthemagnitudeofpotentialmagnitudeofthisproblem,oneneedonlyrealizethattheworldisdividedintolessthan200countriesandbetween3,000and5,000distinctethnicnationalities.Asaresult,thepopulationsofmostcountriesencompassanumberofdistinctnationalities.Chinaofficiallyrecognizes56distinctnationalities.Someestimatesareashighas300ethicnationalitiesinIndonesia.

5.Thetermaffluenzacombinestwowords:

affluenceandinfluenza.Accordingtoanti-consumerandenvironmentalrightsorganizations,thehighconsumptionlifestylesofaffluencecausepeopletobelesshappyeventhoughtheyareacquiringmore“things”.Themajornegativeeffectontheenvironmentisthatoverconsumptionisdepletingtheworld’snaturalresources,anti-consumergroupsargue.

6.Withinanycountry,suchasourown,arerichpeoplehappier?

Inpoorcountries,suchasBangladeshandIndia,beingrelativelywelloffdoesmakeforsomewhatgreaterwell-being.Psychologicallyaswellasmaterially,itismuchbettertobehighcastethanlowcaste.Wehumansneedfood,restwarmth,andsocialcontact.Butinaffluentcountries,wherenearlyeveryonecanaffordlife’snecessities,increasingaffluencematterssurprisinglylittle.

7.Inselectingwhatstoriestocover,whatmusictoplay,whatfilmstoproduceanddistribute,whataretosponsoranddisplay,andwhatbookstopublish,themassmediadefinewhatisimportantandwhatissuesareworthyofpublicconsideration.Thepersonsandgroupswhomakethesedecisionshaveenormousculturalandpoliticalpower.Controllingandinfluencethemassmediaisthereforeacentralfeatureoftheculturewar.

8.Coalproducesextremelyhighheatforashortperiodoftime.Dishescookedusingcoalideallyfeaturefoodscutintosmallpiecesandquicklystir-fired.Althoughmanyofthereasonsforthedevelopmentoftheseculturalfoodpracticesarechanging,peoplestillrelyonpartsofthem.HomechefsinIndiaandChinaarebothincreasinglylikelytousemicrowaveovenstoheatuppre-madefoodsbutstillfavorcurriesanddicedvegetablesandmeatrespectively.

9.Inthepasttwodecades,millionsofAmericanshavebeguntochangetheirideasaboutthe“naturalness”ofsexroles.Traditionaldiscriminationsarecomingtobeperceivedasirrationalsystemthatthreatenswomenwithlifelonginferiorityandwastepotentialandrestrictsmentotheroleofalwaysbeingcompetitive,aggressive,andemotionallyinsensitive.Whatwillthefuturebelike?

Predictingtheprecisedirectionthatsex-rolestereotypeswilltakeisdifficult.

10.Thenormworldwidehasbeenmostlytowardpatriarchalsocieties,thatis,societiesruledbymeninwhichmenaredeferredtoastheprincipaldecisionmakersinboththefamilyandinsocietyasawhole.Inpatriarchalsocietiesmentakethebestjobs,arethebreadwinnersandcontrolthefinance,aretreatedwiththegreatestrespect,andhavethegreatestaccesstoeducation.

11.Weadaptbyrecalibratingour“adaptationlevels”—theneutralpointsatwhichsoundsseemneitherloudorsoft,lightsneitherbrightnordim,experiencesneitherpleasantnorunpleasant.HereinMichiganonawinter’sday,60degreeswouldfeelwarm,butnotwhenweareadaptedtosummer’sheat.Soitiswiththings.Ourfirstdesktopcomputer,withinformationloadedfromacassettetape,seemedremarkable,untilwegotthatspeedierhard-drivemachine.

12.It’sgoodtoknowthatnosinglefoodadditiveposesaseveredangertotheentirepopulation.Butseveraladditives,suchasthosewehavementioned,doposesomeriskstothegeneralpublicandshouldbeavoidedasmuchaspossible.Fortunately,peoplearemoreawarethaneverofthedangersofpesticideresiduesonfruitsandvegetablesandofadditivesinourprocessedfoods.Thereisintensepressureonthefederalgovernmenttobanunsafesubstances.