必修一unit3.docx

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必修一unit3

Unit3

(一)词汇要点

1.determinevt.决定,决心,确定,测定

Determinationn.决心,毅力determinedadj.坚毅的,下决心的decide[同义]v.决定

典型用法bedeterminedtodosth

⑴Sheisagirlofgreat______________(determine).

⑵Heisdetermined________(face)outthesituation.

⑶Thereisa____________(determine)lookonhisface.

2.similaradj.类似的,相似的

Similarlyadv.类似地;同样地Similarityn.类似;(可数)相似之处

besimilarto[搭配]类似于,与……相似thesame...as...[近义]与……相同

(1)Myopinionis______yours.

⑵The__________betweenthemhasoftenbeenremarkedon.

⑶Ourbodiesarestrengthenedbytakingexercise.____________,ourmindsaredevelopedbylearning.

3.organizev.组织

organizationn.组织,机构organizern.组织者organizedadj.有组织的

⑴The_____________(organize)ofsuchalarge-scalepartytakesalotoftimeandenergy.

⑵The___________(organize)thinkofvariouswaystoamusetheathletes.

⑶Iwilltakepartinan_________(organize)activitytoimprovetheconditionofdisadvantagedpeopleinsociety.

4.surprisevt.使惊奇,使诧异n.惊奇,诧异

Surprisedadj.感到惊讶的surprisingadj.令人惊讶的

surprisedlyadv.惊奇地,惊讶地surprisinglyadv.令人感到惊奇地

典型的用法是:

besurprisedat对…感到惊讶toone,ssurprise(=surprisingly)令人感到惊奇地是

(1)Everybodyherewas____(surprise)thenews.

(2)Iwas__________(surprise)thechangeinhim.

(3)________________________(surprise),hewassofrankthathetoldmeallofhissecrets.

5..transportn.&v.运送;运输

派生:

transportationn.运输;交通工具

⑴那辆黄色公共汽车将乘客从机场运送到城里。

Theyellowbus_____________________________fromtheairporttothecity.

⑵那些物品将用飞机运往青海玉树。

Thegoods____________________byplanetoYuShu,QinghaiProvince.

答案:

willtransportthepassengers;willbetransported

6.persuadevt.说服,劝说

persuadesb.todo说服/劝服某人去做

persuadesb.intodoing说服/劝服某人去做

persuadesb.outofdoing说服/劝服某人不做

注意:

劝而不服则要用advisesb.todosth.或者trytopersuadesb.todosth.。

⑴我们劝李老师戒烟,他不再抽烟啦!

__________________________________,andheneversmokedatlast.

⑵我们劝王老师戒烟,可他不戒。

___________________________________________________________,buthedidn’t.

答案:

WepersuadedMr.Litostopsmoking

WeadvisedMr.Wangtostopsmoking/Wetried.topersuadeMr.Wangtostopsmoking

7.3.graduatev.毕业n.大学毕业生派生:

graduationn.毕业

短语:

graduatefrom毕业于

(1)After____________(graduate),whatareyougoingtodo?

(2)Mysistergraduated______BeijingUniversity____1982.(填借此)

(3)Heis_____graduateofOxford.(填冠词)

8..carevi.关心;介意n.关心;照顾

careabout(tobeworriedabout/concernedwith)忧虑;担心;惦念

carefor(=like,love)喜欢takecareof(=lookafter)照料;照顾

takecare小心;提防

派生:

carefuladj.细心的carefullyadv.细心地carefulnessn.细心carelesslyadv.粗心地carelessnessn.粗心carelessadj.粗心的

⑴Theonlythinghecares__________ismoney.

⑵Idon’treallycare_____redwine.

Whowilltakecare___yourbabyifyouareout?

Manyaccidentsarecausedby________(care)driving.

Theystudiedthequestion_________(care)beforetheymadethedecision.

即学即用

(1)—That’salovelydress.

—Doyouthinkso?

Myauntgaveittomeformybirthday,butIdon’tthecolor.A.interestinB.careforC.takecareofD.fondof

(2)Idon’tthinkJackwhathappenstohisfamily.Heissoselfish.

A.caresforB.caresaboutC.carestoD.caresof

9.reliableadj.可信赖的;可靠的派生:

relyvi.依靠;依赖(通常接on)

⑴Ifoundthistobea________brandofwashingmachines.

⑵Thevillagershere____wellsfortheirwater.(填与rely相关的词)

10..schedulen.时间表;进度表vt.为某事安排时间

accordingtoschedule按照计划;按照安排onschedule按时

behindschedule晚点bescheduledtodo被安排,定于

⑴火车按时到达。

Thetrainarrived______

⑵总统定于明天发表演说。

ThePresidentis__________(schedule)tomakeaspeechtomorrow.

11.attituden.态度;看法

attitudeto/towards...对……的态度

翻译:

我的英语老师改变了对我的态度。

MyEnglishteacher________________________me.

haschangedhisattitudeto/towardsme.

12..befondof(=love;like)喜欢;喜爱

翻译:

虽然她有好多缺点,但是我们都很喜欢她。

Shehasmanyshortcomings,butwe__________________her.

13.givein屈服;让步

giveup停止/放弃做某事giveout用完;用尽;分发;分布

giveaway捐赠;暴露;泄露giveoff发散(气味);发出(光)

giveback交还

运用:

用适当的介词或副词填空。

(1)Hegave____toherrequest.

(2)Ifyougive_____smoking,youwillsavealotofmoneyeveryyear.

(3)Hisaccentgavehim_____.SoIknewhewasfromUSA.

(4)Ourteachergave______tothepolicestationwhathepickedupfromtheground.

(5)Hismoneysoongave______becauseheboughtalotofthings.

14.asusual照常;如平常一样

⑴昨天早上,他像往常一样去了办公室。

Yesterdaymorning,________________________.

⑵你像平常一样迟到了。

Youarelate,___________.

15.putup建造,搭建,举起;升起putupwith忍受

⑴Youshould___________whathesaid.

⑵Ifyouhavequestionstoask,please_______yourhand.

16.atmidnight半夜

比较:

atnight(傍晚)晚上

intheevening=duringthenight/inthenight在晚间/在夜间

(1)Mygrandmausuallywokeup____midnight.

⑵Youmustbetiredafteryouworkedseveralhours_____theevening.Pleasetakearest.

17.changeone’smind改变注意makeupone’smind下决心;决定

⑴He______________________gotouniversityaftergraduationfromhighschool.

⑵Heisverystubborn(固执的)andheisnoteasyto_________________.

hasmadeuphismindto;changehismind

(三)重点句子解析

一、Warmingup–languagepoint

1.Whichkindoftransportdoyouprefertouse:

busortrain?

(回归课本P17)

preferv.更喜欢;选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)

(1)prefersth.更喜欢……

prefer(sb.)todosth.更喜欢(某人)做……

preferthat更喜欢[that从句中常用(should)+动词原形]

prefersth./doing...tosth./doing...与……相比更喜欢……;宁愿……,不愿……

e.g.Iwouldprefermeattofish.我喜欢肉胜过(喜欢)鱼。

Iprefersingingtoacting.我喜欢唱歌胜过演戏。

prefertodo...ratherthando...宁可……也不……

e.g.Hepreferstostayathomeratherthangoshopping.他宁可呆在家里也不愿意去逛商店。

(2)preferencen.偏爱;爱好;喜爱

givepreferencetosb./sth.给……以优惠;优待

inpreferencetosb./sth.而不是

(1)Heprefersindoorsoutthisafternoon.

A.tostay;togoB.staying;togoC.tostay;togoingD.staying;togoing

(2)Thelittlegirlgotothecinemaratherthanathomealonethatnight.

A.preferred;stayB.prefersto;tostayC.preferredto;stayD.prefersto;stay

1.D;2.C

二、ReadingLanguagepoints

1.Eversincemiddleschool,mysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreat

biketrip.

1).dreamn.v.

dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt

dreamof/aboutsth.(vi.)

dreama…dream(vt.)

dreamthat…(vt.)

dreamsb.tobe…(vt.)

1)他梦想着有一天为自己工作,没有老板.

Heworkingforhimselfandnothavingabossoneday.

=Hethatonedayhewillworkforhimselfandnothaveaboss.

2)我做梦也没想到他是个撒谎的人.

Ineveraliar.

答案:

dreamsof/about;dreams;dreamedhimtobe

2.Thenshepersuademetobuyone.然后她动员我也买了一辆.

persuadevt.说服;劝服;vi.被说服

persuadesb.(not)todosth.

persuadesb.into/outofdoingsth.

我已说服他做这件事。

e.g.Ipersuadedhimtodoit.=persuadehimintodoingit.

如果“劝说”不服,不能直接用persuade,而应用trytopersuade或advise,或者用persuade的否定式。

e.g.Someofusadvisedhimtochangehismindbutnoonecouldpersuade

himtodoso.

(2)实例

1.I__himnottosmoke,buthedidn’tthinkitnecessary.

A.persuadedB.advisedC.hopedD.suggested

2.Iwasableatlastto____mymothertofollowmyadvice.

A.suggestB.adviseC.persuadeD.leaveoff

3.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp____intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.

A.topersuadeB.persuadingC.beingpersuadeD.bepersuaded

(3)辨析:

advise表示“劝告”的动作,不看结果,而persuade强调“已经说服”;advise可接动词的-ing

形式作宾语,也可接that引导的宾语从句(必须用虚拟语气即should+动词原形),而persuade不能。

Myfriendsadvisedhimtoseeadoctor,butherefusedallofthem.Whocanpersuadehim?

我的朋友们建议他去看医生,但他拒绝了所有的人。

谁能说服他?

3辨析:

Finally/atlast/intheend

finally一般指一系列事物或论点的顺序的最后项内容,或用在动词前,表示“等了好久……才”,没有感情色彩.

atlast只能指时间位置,不能指时间顺序,在意思上是指经过周折、等待、耽搁到”最后、终于”(出现所期待的结果),常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩.

intheend可与atlast和finally通用.但若出现了非期待中的结果,用intheend,还可以用于预卜未来。

1)Theytalkedaboutitforhours._______theydecidednottogo.

2)Thechildrenarrivedhome_________________afterthestorm.

3)Mydreamwillcometrue

4)ThewarlastedfouryearsbeforetheNorthwon_______________.

5)Yourideawillturnoutright_________.

6)______,Iwanttothankyouforhelpingme.

Finally;atlast/intheend;intheend;intheend/atlast;intheend;Finally

4.ItwasmysisterwhofirsthadtheideatocyclealongtheentireMekongRiverfromwhereitbeginstowhereitends.

是我姐姐首先想到骑自行车沿湄公河从它的源头行走到入海口。

这是一个强调句。

强调句的结构是:

Itwas/is+强调成分+that-/who-分句

如果强调的部分是人,可用who,也可用that,强调其他成分与内容都用that。

强调时间和地点不能用when或where,只用that。

e.g.我看这部电影是在上海。

(强调地点状语)

ItwasinShanghaithatIsawthefilm.

根据上下文和语义意图,说话人可以通过强调句分别强调主语,宾语,状语,使之成为信息中心。

e.g

Allthemembersheld

ameeting

intheclub

yesterday.

Itwasallthemembersthat/whoheldameetingintheclubyesterday.(强调主语,was不能换用were)

Itwasameetingthatallthemembersheldintheclubyesterday.(强调宾语ameeting)

Itwasintheclubthatallthemembersheldameetingyesterday.(强调地点状语,that不可换用where)

Itwasyesterdaythatallthemembersheldameetingintheclub.(强调时间状语that不可换用where)

把这个句子的不同成分改成强调句。

JohngaveMaryahandbagatChristmas.

高考链接

1.Wasit___thatIsawlastnightattheconcert?

A.youB.notyouC.thatyourself

2.Itwasbecauseofbadweather___thefootballmatchhadtobeputoff.

A.soB.sothatC.whyD.that

3..—Whoismakingsomuchnoiseinthegarden?

—______thechildren.

A.ItisB.TheyareC.ThatisD.Thereare

6.Althoughshedidn’tknowthebestwayofgettinggettoplaces,sheinsistedthatsheorganizethetripproperly.尽管她不知道旅行的最佳方式,但是她还是坚决主张她来合理安排这次旅行。

1)although,though引导让步状语从句不能再和but,and,however连用,但可以和副词yet,still连用。

although从句多放在句首,though从句可在主句前,中,后任何位置,而且though可以作副词用于句末,作“但是,不过”讲,而although无此用法。

[考例]______hehaslimitedtechnicalknowledge,theoldworkerhasalotofexperience.

A.SinceB.UnlessC.AsD.Although

[点拨]D根据句中的limitedknowledge和alotofexperience构成对比,可知这是一个让步状语从句,故用although引导。

since既然;unless除非……;as因为。

2)insist:

declarefirmly坚持认为,坚持主张

※insiston/

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