定语从句专练.docx

定语从句专练.docx

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定语从句专练

定语从句专练

定义：

修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。

Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.

主句：

Themanisapoliceman.

从句：

whoisshakinghandswithmyfather.用来修饰先行词theman

关系词who在定语从句中作主语

Thefilmwhichtheywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.

主句：

Thefilmwasnotinterestingatall.

从句：

whichtheywenttoseelastnight用来修饰先行词thefilm

关系词which在定语从句中作宾语

Thereasonwhyhefailedtheexaminationisthathehadnotmadeanypreparationforit.

主句：

Thereasonisthathehadnotmadeanypreparationforit.

从句：

whyhefailedtheexamination用来修饰先行词thereason

关系词why在定语从句中作原因状语

关系代词

who

 代表人，在从句中作主语，不能省略

whom

 代表人，在从句中作宾语，可以省略

which

 代表物，作从句的主语、宾语或介词宾语，引导限制性或非限制性定语从句，作限制性定语从句宾语时可省略

that

 代表人或物，作从句的主语或宾语，只引导限制性定语从句，作宾语时可省略

whose

 代表人或物，在从句中作定语，不能省略

as

 代表人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语和表语，常与same,such搭配，不能省略

关系副词

when

 先行词是表示时间的词

where

 先行词是表示地点的词

why

 先行词是reason

1.Thebook_______isnowoutofstock.

A.whichheboughtitlastweekB.whichheboughtlastweek

C.whichboughtlastweekD.hehadbought

2.Thepolicemanwastalkingtothedriver_________.

A.whobrokethespeedlimitB.whichbrokethespeedlimit

C.whosespeedlimitbrokeD.whybrokethespeedlimit

3.Ithinkthedaywillfinallycome______airpollutioncanbeputundercontrol.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.as

4.Thecrimeraterisesincities_____theunemploymentrateincreases.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.that

5.Thegoal______hehadfoughtallhislifenolongerseemedimportanttohim.A.afterwhichB.forwhichC.atwhichD.withwhich

6.Thisisthereason______theelectroniccomputercannotentirelyreplaceman.A.howB.thatC.becauseD.why

7.Thatissuchaheavystone______nobodycanlift.

A.thatB.asC.whichD.what

8.Thisistheship______wecrossedthePacific.

A.bywhichB.bythatC.whereD.inwhich

9.Myhometownisnolongerthesame______itusedtobe.

A.whichB.asC.whereD.when

10.Thisisthestore______wevisitedthefamousshopassistant.

A.whereB.thereC.thatD.which

11.Theboy_____compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.

A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which

12.Thetemple______wevisitedlastweekistheone____thefamouschemistwasborn.

A./,whereB.which,thatC.where,whereD.where,that

1—12BACCBDBDBABA

分类:

限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句

限制性定语从句

非限制性定语从句

形式上

不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。

用逗号“，”与主句隔开。

意义上

是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。

只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。

译法上

译成先行词的定语：

“．．．的”

通常译成主句的并列句。

关系词的使用上

A．作宾语时可省略

B．可用that

C．可用who代替whom

A．不可省略

B．不用that

C．不可用who代替whom

非限制性定语从句

1.Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.

主句：

Hismotherisstrictwithhim

从句：

wholoveshimverymuch用来修饰先行词hismother

关系词who在定语从句中作主语

注意：

定语从句与主句用逗号隔开，去掉定从不影响句意；翻译为：

他妈妈很爱他，对他要求严格。

2.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.

3.LastsummerIvisitedthePeople’sGreatHall,inwhichmanyimportantmeetingsareheldeveryyear.

inwhich指代inthehall,在从句中作地点状语，注意：

in一定不可少。

1.Someoftheroadswereflooded,______madeourjourneymoredifficult.

A.whichB.thatC.itD.as

2.ProfessorSmith,_____isacomputerprofessorfromAmerica,isnowteachinginouruniversity.

A.asB.whomC.whoD.which

3.Tomdidn’tgototheparty,______isapity,

A.asB.whichC.thatD.it

4.Theyhavemadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,______ofgreatimportancetoscience.

A.whichIthinkisB.ofwhichIthinkis

C.IthinkwhichisD.WhichIthinkis

1—4ACBA

特别注意!

（1）

先行词有下列情况或附有下列修饰语时,通常关系代词that

1）先行词是all,nonone,everyone,everything,anything,something,much,little等不定代词修饰时；

2）先行词前有序数词,形容词最高级,以及all,every,no,some,any,little,much,thelast,thesame,theonly等词修饰时.

3）如果先行词中既含有表示人的名词又有表示物的名词时.

4）若主句中有疑问代词who,which为了避免重复,关系代词不要再用who,which.

1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.

A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether

2.Isthereanythingelse_____yourequire?

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what

3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it

4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.

A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom

5.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfindeverything.

A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat

6.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.

A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaswritten

C.thathaseverbeenwrittenD.thathavewritten

7.Hewrotealettertome,tellingmeeverything______hesawonthewaytotheParis.

A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where

8.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?

A.thatB./C.whichD.it

9.Isthereanything_____toyou?

A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.whichbelongsD.thatbelong

10.Thescientistandhisachievements