16 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解考点4 社会生活类附答案.docx

16 八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解考点4 社会生活类附答案.docx

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16八年英语真题分类专项阅读理解考点4社会生活类附答案

第一部分阅读理解

考点4社会生活类

1．（2017新课标Ⅰ）

Someoftheworld’smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay．UNESCO（UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization）recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying（联合）voiceacrosscultures．

Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU．S．thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations．

It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchangethat．AstheKennedyCenter’sartisticadviserforjazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture．

“Jazzseemslikeit’snotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite,”MorantellsNationalPublicRadio’sreporterNealConan．“WhatI’mhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblackandwriteanymore．It’sactuallycolor,andit’sactuallydigital．”

Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost．“Themusiccan’tbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958．Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame,”saysMoran．

Lastyear,MoranworkedonaprojectthatarrangedFatsWaller’smusicforadanceparty,“JusttokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic,”saysMoran．“Forme,it’stherecontextualization．Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion（情感）lie?

Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight（感悟）onhowtotalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrecordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?

Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext,”saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues．ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster．”

28．WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?

A．Torememberthebirthofjazz．

B．Toprotectculturaldiversity．

C．Toencouragepeopletostudymusic．

D．Torecognizethevalueofjazz．

29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph3referto?

A．Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible．

B．Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster．

C．Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung．

D．Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger．

30．WhatcanweinferaboutMoran’sopiniononjazz?

A．Itwilldisappeargradually．

B．Itremainsblackandwhite．

C．Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes．

D．Itchangesevery50years．

31．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．ExploringtheFutureofJazz．

B．TheRiseandFallofJazz．

C．TheStoryofaJazzMusician．

D．CelebratingtheJazzDay．

2．（2017新课标Ⅲ）

MinutesafterthelastmovieendedyesterdayatthePlazaTheater,employeeswerebusysweepinguppopcornsandgatheringcokecups．Itwasascenethathadbeenrepeatedmanytimesinthetheater’s75-yearhistory．Thistime,however,thecleanupwasalittledifferent．Asonegroupofworkerscarriedouttherubbish,anothergroupbeganremovingseatsandothertheaterequipmentinpreparationforthebuilding’send．

ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater．Thoughthemovieis30yearsold,mostofthe250seatswerefilledwithteary-eyedaudiencewantingtosaygood-betotheoldbuilding．TheaterownerEdBradfordsaidhechosethemoviebecauseitseemedappropriate．Themovieissetinasmalltownwheretheonlymovietheaterispreparingtoclosedown．

BradfordsaidthatlargemoderntheatersinthecitymadeitimpossibleforthePlazatocompete．Headdedthatthetheater’slocation（位置）wasalsoareason．“Thisusedtobethecenteroftown,”hesaid．“Nowtheareaismostlyofficebuildingsandwarehouses．”

Lastweeksomecityofficialssuggestedthecitymightbeinterestedinturningtheoldtheaterintoamuseumandpublicmeetingplace．However,theseplanswereabandonedbecauseoffinancialproblems．Bradfordsoldthebuildingandlandtoalocaldevelopmentfirm,whichplanstobuildashoppingcomplexonthelandwherethetheaterislocated．

Thetheateraudiencesaidgood-byasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime．After75yearsthePlazaTheaterhasshownitslastmovie．Thetheaterwillbemissed．

24．Inwhatwaywasyesterday’scleanupatthePlazaspecial?

A．Itmaderoomfornewequipment．

B．Itsignaledtheclosedownofthetheater．

C．Itwasdonewiththehelpoftheaudience．

D．Itmarkedthe75thanniversaryofthetheater．

25．WhywasTheLastPictureShowputon?

A．Itwasanall-timeclassic．B．Itwasaboutthehistoryofthetown．

C．Theaudiencerequestedit．D．Thetheaterownerfounditsuitable．

26．Whatwillprobablyhappentothebuilding?

A．Itwillberepaired．B．Itwillbeturnedintoamuseum．

C．Itwillbeknockeddown．D．Itwillbesoldtothecitygovernment．

27．Whatcanweinferabouttheaudience?

A．TheyaredisappointedwithBradford．

B．Theyaresadtopartwiththeoldtheater．

C．Theyaresupportiveofthecityofficials．

D．Theyareeagertohaveashoppingcenter．

3．（2017北京）

Measles（麻疹），whichoncekilled450childreneachyearanddisabledevenmore，wasnearlywipedoutintheUnitedStates14yearsagobytheuniversaluseoftheMMRvaccine（疫苗）．Butthediseaseismakingacomeback，causedbyagrowinganti-vaccinemovementandmisinformationthatisspreadingquickly．Alreadythisyear，115measlescaseshavebeenreportedintheUSA，comparedwith189foralloflastyear．

Thenumbersmightsoundsmall，buttheyaretheleadingedgeofadangeroustrend．Whenvaccinationratesareveryhigh，astheystillareinthenationasawhole，everyoneisprotected．Thisiscalled“herdimmunity”，whichprotectsthepeoplewhogethurteasily，includingthosewhocan’tbevaccinatedformedicalreasons，babiestooyoungtogetvaccinatedandpeopleonwhomthevaccinedoesn’twork．

Butherdimmunityworksonlywhennearlythewholeherdjoinsin．Whensomerefusevaccinationandseekafreeride，immunitybreaksdownandeveryoneisinevenbiggerdanger．

That’sexactlywhatishappeninginsmallneighborhoodsaroundthecountryfromOrangeCounty，California，where22measlescaseswerereportedthismonth，toBrooklyn，N．Y．，wherea17-year-oldcausedanoutbreaklastyear．

Theresistancetovaccinehascontinuedfordecades，anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk．Thosewhorefusetotakethatriskselfishlymakeotherssuffer．

Makingthingsworsearestatelawsthatmakeittooeasytooptout（决定不参加）ofwhataresupposedtoberequiredvaccinesforallchildrenenteringkindergarten．Seventeenstatesallowparentstogetanexemption（豁免），sometimesjustbysigningapapersayingtheypersonallyobjecttoavaccine．

Now，severalstatesaremovingtotightenlawsbyaddingnewregulationsforoptingout．Butnoonedoesenoughtolimitexemptions．

Parentsoughttobeabletooptoutonlyforlimitedmedicalorreligiousreasons．Butpersonalopinions?

Notgoodenough．Everyoneenjoysthelife-savingbenefitsvaccinesprovide，butthey’llexistonlyaslongaseveryonesharesintherisks．

63．Thefirsttwoparagraphssuggestthat____________．

A．asmallnumberofmeaslescasescanstartadangeroustrend

B．theoutbreakofmeaslesattractsthepublicattention

C．anti-vaccinemovementhasitsmedicalreasons

D．informationaboutmeaslesspreadsquickly

64．Herdimmunityworkswellwhen____________．

A．exemptionsareallowed

B．severalvaccinesareusedtogether

C．thewholeneighborhoodisinvolvedin

D．newregulationsareaddedtothestatelaws

65．Whatisthemainreasonforthecomebackofmeasles?

A．Theoveruseofvaccine．

B．Thelackofmedicalcare．

C．Thefeaturesofmeaslesitself．

D．Thevaccineopt-outsofsomepeople．

66．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A．Tointroducetheideaofexemption．

B．Todiscussmethodstocuremeasles．

C．Tostresstheimportanceofvaccination．

D．Toappealforequalrightsinmedicaltreatment．

4．（2017江苏）

Beforebirth，babiescantellthedifferencebetweenloudsoundsandvoices．Theycanevendistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger．Butwhenitcomestoembryoniclearning（胎教），birdscouldruletheroost．AsrecentlyreportedinTheAuk:

OrnithologicalAdvances，somemotherbirdsmayteachtheiryoungtosingevenbeforetheyhatch（孵化）．New-bornchickscanthenimitatetheirmom’scallwithinafewdaysofenteringtheworld．

Thiseducationalmethodwasfirstobservedin2012bySoniaKleindorfer，abiologistatFlindersUniversityinSouthAustralia，andhercolleagues．FemaleAustraliansuperbfairywrenswerefoundtorepeatonesoundoverandoveragainwhilehatchingtheireggs．Whentheeggswerehatched，thebabybirdsmadethesimilarchirptotheirmothers—asoundthatservedastheirregular“feedme!

”call．

Tofindoutifthespecialqualitywasmorewidespreadinbirds，theresearcherssoughtthered-backedfairywren，anotherspeciesofAustraliansongbird．Firsttheycollectedsounddatafrom67nestsinfoursitesinQueenslandbeforeandafterhatching．Thentheyidentifiedbeggingcallsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes．Acomputeranalysisblindlycomparedcallsproducedbymothersandchicks，rankingthembysimilarity．

Itturnsoutthatbabyred-backedfairywrensalsoemergechirpingliketheirmoms．Andthemorefrequentlymothershadcalledtotheireggs，themoresimilarwerethebabies’beggingcalls．Inaddition，theteamsetupaseparateexperimentthatsuggestedthatthebabybirdsthatmostcloselyimitatedtheirmom’svoicewererewardedwiththemostfood．

Thisobservationhintsthateffectiveembryoniclearningcouldsignalneurological（神经系统的）strengthsofchildrentoparents．Anevolutionaryinferencecanthenbedra