附录1外文资料译文.docx
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附录1外文资料译文
Thedesignofthelithiumbatterycharger
Introduction
Li-Ionrechargeablebatteriesarefindingtheirwayintomanyapplicationsduetotheirsize,weightandenergystorageadvantages.Thesebatteriesarealreadyconsideredthepreferredbatteryinportablecomputerapplications,displacingNiMHandNiCadbatteries,andcellularphonesarequicklybecomingthesecondmajormarketplaceforLi-Ion.Thereasonisclear.Li-Ionbatteriesoffermanyadvantagestotheendconsumer.Inportablecomputers,
Li-IonbatterypacksofferlongerruntimesoverNiCadandNiMHpacksforthesameformfactorandsize,whilereducingweight.Thesameadvantagesaretrueforcellularphones.AphonecanbemadesmallerandlighterusingLi-Ionbatterieswithoutsacrificingruntime.AsLi-Ionbatterycostscomedown,evenmoreapplicationswillswitchtothislighterandsmaller
technology.Markettrendsshowacontinualgrowthinallrechargeable
batterytypesasconsumerscontinuetodemandtheconvenienceofportability.Marketdatafor1997showsthatapproximately200millioncellsofLi-Ionwillbeshipped,comparedto600millioncellsofNiMH.However,itisimportanttonotethatthreecellsofNiMHareequivalenttooneLi-Ioncellwhenpackagedintoabatterypack.Thus,theactualvolumeisveryclosetothesameforboth.1997alsomarkedthefirstyearLi-Ionwasthebatterytypeusedinthemajorityofportablecomputers,displacingNiMHforthetopspot.DataforthecellularmarketshowedashifttoLi-Ioninthemajorityofphonessoldin1997inEuropeandJapan.Li-Ionbatteriesareanexcitingbatterytechnologythatmustbewatched.Tomakesenseofthesenewbatteries,thisdesignguideexplainsthefundamentals,thechargingrequirementsand
thecircuitstomeettheserequirements.
Alongwithmoreandmoretheemergenceofthehandheldelectricappliances,tothehighperformance,babysize,weightneedofthelightbatterychargeralsomoreComemorebig.Thebatteryistechnicaltoprogresstoalsorequestcontinuouslytorefreshthecalculatewaymorecomplicatedlyisfastwiththerealization,safetyofrefresh.ThereforeneedWanttocarryonthemoreaccuratesupervisiontowardsrefreshingtheprocess,toshortentorefreshtimeandattainthebiggestbatterycapacity,andprevent°fromthebattery
Bad.TheAVRhasalreadyledtheonestepinthecompetition,isproveisperfectcontrolchipofthenextgenerationcharger.ThemicroprocessorofAtmelAVRiscurrentandcanprovideFlash,EEPROMand10ADCsesbysinglesliceonthemarketOf8RISCmicroprocessorsofthetallesteffect.BecausethesavingmachineofprocedureisaFlash,thereforecanneednotelephantMASKROMSimilar,haveafewsoftwareeditionsafewmodelnumbersofstock.TheFlashcancarryonagaintoweavethedistancebeforedelivergoods,orinthePCBStickafterpackcarryonweavingthedistancethroughanISPagain,thusallowtocarryonthesoftwarerenewalinthelastoneminute.
TheEEPROMcanusedforconservancymarkcertainlycoefficientandthebatterycharacteristicparameter,suchastheconservancyrefreshesrecordwiththebatterythatraisetheactualusageCapacity.10A/Dsconversionmachinecanprovidetheenoughdiagraphaccuracy,makingthecapacityofthegoodempressevenneartoitsbiggestcapacity.Andotherprojectforattainingthispurpose,possibledemandtheADCoftheexterior,notonlytakeupthespaceofPCB,butalsoraisedthesystemCost.
TheAVRisthusdeluxelanguagebut8microprocessorsofthedesignsofuniqueneedleobject"C"currently.TheAT90S4433referenceThedesigniswith"C"towrite,theelucidationcarriesonthesoftwaredesign'siswhatandsimplewiththedeluxelanguage.CodeofCthisdesignisveryCarryonadjusteasilytosuitcurrentandfuturebattery.ButtheATtiny15referencedesignthenuseeditcollectedmaterialsthelanguagetowriteof,withAcquirethebiggestcodedensity.
Anelectricappliancesofthemodernconsumptionmainlyusesasfollowsfourkindsofbatteries:
1.Sealcompletelythesourbatteryoflead(SLA)
2.ThebatteryofNiCd
3.TheNiMHhydrogenbattery(NiMH)
4.Lithiumbattery(Li-Ion)
Atrightchoicebatteryandrefreshthecalculatewayneedtounderstandthebackgroundknowledgeofthesebatteries.Sealcompletelythesourbattery(SLA)ofleadsealscompletelythesourbatteryofleadtomainlyusedforthemoreimportantsituationofthecostratiospaceandweights,suchastheUPSandreporttothepolicethebackupbatteryofthesystem.
ThebatteryofSLAsettlestheelectricvoltagetocarryon,assistlimitstoavoidwiththeelectriccurrentatrefreshtheprocessofearlybatteryleadtheheat.Want~onlytheelectricity.Thepondunitelectricvoltagedoesnotexceedtheprovision(thetypicalmodelisworthforthe2.2Vs)ofproducethecompany,thebatteryofSLAcanrefreshwithoutlimit.
ThebatteryofNiCdbatteryofNiCduseverywidespreadcurrently.Itsadvantageisanoppositecheapness,beingeasytotheusage;Weaknessisfromturnonelectricitytheratehigher.ThebatteryofNiCdofthetypicalmodelcanrefresh1,000times.Theexpiredmechanismmainlyisapoletoturnover.Thefirstinthebatterypackdriveover.Theunitthatallturnonelectricitywilltakeplacethereversal.Forprevent°fromingdamagethebatterywrap,needingtosuperviseandcontroltheelectricvoltagewithoutabreak.OnceunitelectricvoltageDescendthe1.0Vsmustshutdown.ThebatteryofNiCdcarriesonrefreshinsettlingtheelectriccurrentbyforever.TheNiMHhydrogenbattery(NiMH)holdstoshoottheelephantmachinesuchasthecellularphone,handinthehandthattheimportancemeasureholdequipments,theetc.NiMHhydrogenbatteryisanusagethemostwide.Thiskindofbatterypermit.ThequantityisbiggerthanNiCd's.BecauseleadtorefreshandwillresultinbatteryofNiMHloseefficacy,carryonmeasuringbythesquareinrefreshprocesswith.Stopiscountformuchinfittime.SimilartobatteryofNiCd,thepoleturnoverthebatteryalsowilldamage.
BatteryofNiMHoffromturnonelectricitytherateandisprobably20%/month.SimilartobatteryofNiCd,thebatteryofNiMHalsosettlestheelectriccurrenttorefresh.Otherbatteriessayscompareinlithiumbattery(Li-Ion)andthistexts,thelithiumbatteryhasthetallestenergy/weighttocomparetocomparewithenergy/physicalvolume.Lithiumbattery
Settletheelectricvoltagetocarryonrefreshwith,wanttohavetheelectriccurrentrestricttoleadtheheatintheearlybatteryofrefreshtheprocessbyavoidatthesametime.Whenrefreshtheelectriccurrent
Descendtoproducetheminimumelectriccurrentoftheenactmentofcompanywillstoprefresh.Leadingtorefreshwillresultinbatterydamage,evenexploding.
Thesafetyofthebatteryrefreshesthefastchargemachine(namelybatterycanatsmallbefilledwiththeelectricityin3hours,isusuallyahour)demandofthemodern.Cantotheunitelectricvoltage,refreshtheelectriccurrentandthebatterytemperaturestocarryontomeasurebythesquare,avoidatthetimeofbeingfilledwiththeelectricitybecauseofleadingtorefresh.Resultinofdamage.RefreshthemethodSLAbatteryandlithiumbatteriesrefreshesthemethodtosettletheelectricvoltagemethodtowanttolimittoflowfortheever;ThebatteryofNiCdandbatteryofNiMHsrefreshthemethod.Settletheelectriccurrentmethodfortheever,andhaveseveralstostopthejudgmentmethodforrefreshdifferently.
Biggestrefreshtheelectriccurrentbiggestrefreshtheelectriccurrenttohaverelationwithbatterycapacity(C).Biggestusuallyrefreshtheelectriccurrenttomeanwiththenumberofthebatterycapacity.Forexample,
Thecapacityofthebatteryfor750mAhs,refreshtheelectriccurrentas750mAs,thenrefreshtheelectriccurrentas1C(1timesbatterycapacity).If
TheelectriccurrenttoflowrefreshisaC/40,thenrefreshingtheelectriccurrentforthebatterycapacityinadditiontowith40.Leadthehotbatteryrefreshistheprocessthattheelectricpowerdeliversthebattery.Energybychemicalreactionconservancycomedown.Butisnotall.Theelectricpowersallconvertforthesakeofthechemistryinthebatteryability.Someelectricpowerconversionsbecamethethermalenergy,havingthefunctionoftheheatingtothebattery.Whenelectricity.Afterpondbefilledwith,ifcontinuetorefresh,thenallelectricpowersconversionisthethermalenergyofthebattery.Atfastchargethiswillmakethebattery.Heatquickly,ifthehourofcannotcomparewithstoprefreshandthenwillresultinbatterydamage.Therefore,whiledesignthebatterycharger,tothetemperature.Itiscountformuchthatcarryonthesupervisioncombinetostoprefreshintime.
Thediscretionmethodbatterystoppedrefreshofdifferentandappliedsituationandworkenvironmentlimittedtothechoiceofthemethodthatthejudgmentstoprefresh.Thesometimestemperatureallowofno.Measureeasily,butcanmeasureelectricvoltage,orisothercircumstances.Thistexttakestheelectricvoltagevarietyrate(-dV/dt)asthebasicjudgmenttostop
Themethodforrefresh,butwiththetemperatureandabsoluteelectricvoltagebeworthforassistanceandbackup.Butthehardwaresupportthatthistextdescribespeaksasfollows.Themethodofthehavingsofsay.
Timeoft–thismethodthatisthedecisionwhenstoprefreshmostinbrief.Usuallyusedforspareprojectofthehouroffastcharge.Sometimesalsobe.Refresh(14-16Hour)basicprojectofthemethod.Beapplicabletovariousbattery.StoprefreshwhentheelectricvoltageofV–betheelectricvoltagetooutruntheupperlimit.Usuallywiththeforeversettletheelectriccurrentrefreshesthematchusage.Thebiggestelectriccurrent