中小学英语基础语法专项复习祈使句和感叹句.docx

中小学英语基础语法专项复习祈使句和感叹句.docx

《中小学英语基础语法专项复习祈使句和感叹句.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中小学英语基础语法专项复习祈使句和感叹句.docx（14页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

中小学英语基础语法专项复习祈使句和感叹句

2018年中小学英语基础语法专项复习

-祈使句和感叹句

语法一：

感叹句

一、什么叫感叹句

感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子。

感叹句句末通常用感叹号，读时一般用降调。

二、感叹句的基本句型

【句型一】What+（a/an）+形容词+可数名词（单数）+主语+谓语！

_________________________（他是个）多么聪明的男孩啊！

_________________________（这是个）多么有趣的故事啊！

【句型二】What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！

_______________________多好的天气啊！

【句型三】What+形容词+可数名词（复数）+主语+谓语！

_________________________（它们是）多么漂亮的花啊！

【说明】在感叹句中，Whata/an常用来修饰单数可数名词，若其前面的形容词为元音开头，则用an。

what是用来修饰复数可数名词和不可数名词。

但有些不可数名词，如rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等，当前面有形容词修饰，使抽象名词具体化时，则要用whata/an，如：

Whataheavyrainitis!

多大的一场雨啊！

Whatagreatsurpriseitis!

这多么令人惊奇啊！

Whatarichbreakfastitis!

多么丰盛的一顿早餐啊！

【句型四】How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！

___________________-你心肠真好!

___________________这个男孩多么聪明啊！

____________________他跑得多么快啊！

【说明】how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。

如：

HowIwanttobeadoctor!

我多么想成为一名医生啊！

Howshedances!

她跳得多好啊！

感叹句型总结：

What+a/an+形容词+名词+主+谓！

What+形容词+复数名词+主+谓！

What+形容词+不可数名词+主+谓！

How+形容词或副词+主+谓！

基础题

一、选择:

（）1._______acleverboyheis!

A.WhatB.HowC.What’s

（）2._______shedances!

A.HowgoodB.HowwellC.Whatwell

（）3._______quiettheparkis!

A.WhataB.HowC.Howa

（）4._____hisfatherworks!

A.HowcarefulB.HowcarefullyC.Whatcareful

（）5._____noisytheyaremaking!

A.WhatB.HowC.Howa

（）6.______delicioussoup!

A.HowB.WhatC.Whata

（）7.______heavysnow!

A.WhataB.WhatC.How

（）8.____oldbikeLiLeiisriding!

A.WhataB.WhatanC.How

（）9.______excitingmomentitis!

A.HowB.HowanC.Whatan

（）10.______supperwe’rehavingtoday!

A.WhatadeliciousB.HowdeliciousC.Whatdelicious

二．将下列句子变成感叹句

1.Itisquiteanicepresent.→______________nicepresent!

2.Wehavefineweathertoday.→______________weatherwehavetoday!

3.It’ssunnytoday.→______________sunnydayitistoday!

4.Thechildrenareworkinghard.→______________thechildrenareworking!

5.Sheplayedbasketballwonderfully.→______________sheplayedbasketball!

6.Heisgoodatsinging.→______________hesings!

【提高题】

一、选择最佳答案填空

1._______carefullytheboydoeshishomework!

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

2._______wellyousingbut_______badlyhedances!

A.How,howB.What,whatC.How,whatD.What,how

3.________cheaptheseclothesare!

I’dliketobuysomeformyson.

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

4._______foolstheywere!

Theybelievedwhatthegirlssaid.

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

5._______difficultquestionstheyare!

Ican’tanswerthem.

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

6.Imissyouverymuch._______Iwanttoseeyou!

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

7.Oh,________mistakeyou’vemade!

It’stoobad.

A.HowB.HowaC.WhatD.Whata

8._______lovelyweatherwearehavingthesedays!

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

9._______deliciousyoursupperis!

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

10._______interestingworkitistoteachchildren!

A.HowB.HowanC.WhatD.Whatan

二、根据所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：

1.Theoldmanwalkedveryslowly.

_________________theoldmanwalked!

2.Thefilmisverywonderful.

____________________thefilmis!

3.Ourschoollooksverybeaufifulinspring.

____________________ourschoolslooksinspring!

4.Itisaveryusefuldictionary.

______________________________dicitonaryitis!

______________________________dictionaryis!

5.Thestudentsarelisteningverycarefully.

______________________thestudentsarelistening!

6.Kittyisagoodswimmer.

______________________Kettyswims!

阅读理解

LittleTommywasdoingverybadlyinmath.Hisparentshadtriedeverything—tutors（家庭教师）,cards,speciallearningcenters—inshort,everythingtheycouldthinkof.FinallytheytookTommytoacatholic（天主教的）school.

Afterthefirstday,littleTommycamehomewithaveryseriouslookonhisface.Hedidn’tkisshismotherhello.Instead,hewentstraighttohisroomandstartedstudying.Booksandpaperswerespread（铺开）outallovertheroomandlittleTommywashardatwork.Hismotherwassurprised.Shecalledhimdowntodinnerandassoonashefinishedeating,hewentbacktohisroom,withoutaword.Innotimehewasbackhittingthebooksashardasbefore.Thiswentonforsometime,dayafterdaywhilethemothertriedtounderstandwhatwashappening.

Finally,littleTommybroughthomehisreportcard.Hequietlyputitonthetableandwentuptohisroomandhitthebooks.Hismomlookedatitandtohersurprise,littleTommygotanAinmath.Shecouldnolongerholdhercuriosity（好奇心）.Shewenttohisroomandasked,“Son,whatwasit?

Wasitthenuns（修女）?

”

LittleTommylookedatherandshookhishead,“No.”

“Wellthen,”sheaskedagain.“WHATwasit?

”

LittleTommylookedatherandsaid,“Well,onthefirstdayofschool,whenIsawthatmannailed（钉）totheplussign（加号）,Iknewtheyweren’tjoking.”

1.WhydidTommy’sparentssendhimtoacatholicschool?

A.Becausehecouldeatwellthere.

B.Becausehecouldearnmoreaboutnuns.

C.Becausehisparentswantedhimtodobetterinhismath.

D.Becausehisparentsdidn’twanthimtolearnmathanymore.

2.Tommy’smotherfeltsurprisedthathisson_______.

A.wasstillthesameasusual

B.atesomuchatdinner

C.kissedherhelloafterschool

D.workedhardbutsaidlittle

3.“Hittingthebooks”means“_______”inChinese.

A.用功B.捶书C.发泄D.振作

4.Thelastsentenceinthepassageshowsthat_______.

A.Tommyfeltsorryforthemail

B.Tommywasafraidofbeingnailed

C.Tommydidn’tliketheplussign

D.Tommylikedplayingjokesonothers

5.Fromthepassage,wecaninfer（推断）that_______.

A.teachersshouldbestrictwiththeirstudents

B.mistaking（误解）mightdogoodsometimes

C.acatholicschoolismuchbetterthanotherones

D.nunsaregoodathelpingchildrenwiththeirmath

完形填空

PeterandMikewerein__1__class．Peterwasbornina2family．ButMike’sfatherwasabusinessman（商人）andgot3money．WhenPetergotintotrouble（困难）healwayshelpedhim．

Peterlikedtohavesports．Hewasgoodat4．Heran5thananyothersintheirclassItwasSunday．MikeandPeterwenttoaforesttohaveapicnic．Miketookalotoffoodthere．Itwasa6day．Thebirdsweresingingandtherewereallkindsofflowers．Theyateanddrankthenwent7intheriver．Theyhadagoodtime．Suddenlytheyheardagreatnoise．Theyfounditwasatigerbehindabigtree．Theywerebothvery8．Peterputonhisshoesquicklyandwasgoingtorunaway．Mikestoppedhimandsaid：

”It’snouseforus．Thetigerruns9fasterthanus．Let’sfindaway．”“Itdoesn’tmatter．”saidPeter．”I’m10I'llrunfasterthanyou．”

1．A．sameB．differentC．differenceD．thesame

2．A．richB．happyC．poorD．bad

3．A．manyB．lotC．anyD．much

4．A．ranB．runningC．runD．runs

5．A．fastB．fasterC．fastestD．best

6．A．sunB．rainC．rainedD．sunny

7．A．fishB．tofishingC．fishingD．fished

8．A．happyB．afraidC．sadD．exciting

9．A．moreB．muchC．manyD．1ittle

10．A．afraidB．worriedC．sureD．glad

语法二：

祈使句

祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。

其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。

1.肯定的祈使句

（1）动词原形+其他

Standup,please.=Pleasestandup.请起立。

（2）Be+n./adj.

Beagoodboy!

要做一个好孩子!

Becareful!

=Lookout!

=Takecare!

小心/当心！

（3）Let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分

Letmehelpyou.让我来帮你。

Let’sgotoschooltogether.咱们一起上学去吧。

2.否定的祈使句

（1）Don't+动词原形

Don'tstandup.别站起来。

Don'tbecareless.别粗心。

Don'tletthemplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。

（2）Let型的否定式有两种:

A：

“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其它成分”和

B：

“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其它成分”。

Don'tlethimgo./Lethimnotgo.别让他走。

Letthemnotplaywithfire.别让他们玩火。

（3）no开头,用来表示禁止性的祈使句。

Nosmoking!

禁止吸烟!

Nofishing!

禁止钓鱼!

3.祈使句的强调形式，通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do。

例如：

Doshutup!

快住口！

4.祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作，所以回答祈使句时，一般用will或won’t。

在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时，要注意两点：

1）形式一致（即Yes与will保持一致；No与won’t保持一致）

2）意思相反（即Yes是“不”的意思；No是“是”的意思）。

在回答时，要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。

如：

---Don’tgoout,please.It’srainingheavilyoutside.请不要出去。

外面雨下得很大。

----Yes,Iwill.Ihavetomeetmybrotherattheairport.不行，我得去机场接我弟弟。

5.祈使句的反意疑问句

（1）肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用willyou或won'tyou。

请把门打开，好吗？

_____________________________________

（2）否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用willyou。

别再迟到了，行不行？

_____________________________________

（3）以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shallwe。

我们把电视打开，好吗？

_____________________________

<特别注意>只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shallwe，而letus开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为willyou或won'tyou.如：

请（你）让我们留在这好吗？

________________________________

一.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1.It’sanimportantmeeting._________________（not,be）late.

2.________________（not,make）anynise!

Yourmotherissleeping.

3.______________（not,speak）withyourmouthfulloffoodand_________（be）polite.

4.________________（not,talk）and____________（read）aloud.

5._______________（not,leave）yourhomeworkfortomorrow,Larry.

6.________________（look）out!

Acariscoming.

7._____________（give）ustenyearsandjustseewhatourcountrywillbelike.

8.________________（not,let）thebabycry.

9.Wearmoreclothesoryou____________（catch）acold.

10.Let’s_______________（not,say）anythingaboutit.

二、单项选择

1.TheTVistooloud.Please________.

A.turnitdownB.toturnitdownC.turndownitD.toturndownit

2._______lateagain,Bill!

A.Don'ttobeB.Don'tbeC.NotbeD.Benot

3._______crosstheroaduntilthetrafficlightsturngreen.

A.NotB.Won'tC.Doesn'tD.Don't

4.Pleasehelpmecarryit,______?

A.willIB.willyouC.shallID.shallwe

5.Don'tmakesomuchnoise,______?

A.willyouB.won'tyouC.shallweD.doyou

6.Doyouknowthegirl______underthetree?

A.standB.tostandC.standingD.stood

7.Kate,_______yourhomeworkheretomorrow.

A.bringB