初高中反义疑问句详解.docx
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初高中反义疑问句详解
高中反义疑问句
一、概念:
(TheDisjunctiveQuestion)又叫附加疑问句。
它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。
反义疑问句由两部分组成:
前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
二、类型:
1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式
Theyworkhere,don’tthey?
Shewasillyesterday,wasn’tshe?
2.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式
Youdidn’tgo,didyou?
Hecan’trideabike,canhe?
3、请注意以下句型的反义疑问句的用法:
1)陈述部分的主语是I,疑问部分要用aren'tI.
I’mastallasyoursister,aren'tI?
Iamastudent,aren’tI
2)陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may+主语
Iwishtohaveawordwithyou,mayI?
3)陈述部分用no,nothing,nobody,never,few,seldom,hardly,rarely,little等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。
TheSwedemadenoanswer,didhe/she?
Someplantsneverblown(开花),dothey?
Therearefewapplesinthebasket,arethere?
Hecanhardlyswim,canhe?
Theyseldomcomelate,dothey?
SherarelyspeakstoyouinEnglish,doesshe?
4)含有oughtto的反意疑问句,陈述部分是肯定的,疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语。
Heoughttoknowwhattodo,oughtn'the?
/shouldn'the?
5)陈述部分有haveto+v.(hadto+v.),疑问部分常用don't+主语(didn't+主语)。
Wehavetogetthereateighttomorrow,don'twe?
Theyhadtocrossthebusystreet,didn’tthey?
6)陈述部分的谓语是usedto时,疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。
Heusedtotakepicturesthere,didn'the?
Sheusedtostayuplate,usedn’tshe?
7)陈述部分有hadbetter+v.疑问句部分用hadn'tyou?
You'dbetterreaditbyyourself,hadn'tyou?
You’dbettergetupearly,hadn’tyou?
8)陈述部分有wouldrather+v.疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语。
Hewouldratherreadittentimesthanreciteit,wouldn'the?
9)陈述部分有You'dliketo+v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。
You’dliketogowithme,wouldn'tyou?
10)当陈述部分有情态动词must,问句有4种情况:
(1)mustn't表示“禁止,不可”时,附加问句通常要用must.
Youmustn'tstopyourcarhere,mustyou?
你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?
(2)must表示“有必要”时,附加问句通常要用needn't.
Theymustfinishtheworktoday,needn'tthey?
他们今天要完成这项工作,是吗?
(3)当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。
Hemustbegoodatenglish,isn'the?
他英语一定学得很好,是吗?
•Hemustbeadoctor,isn'the?
•YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforthreeyears,haven'tyou?
•Hemusthavefinishedityesterday,didn'the?
•Itmustbegoingtoraintomorrow,won'tit?
•
(4)当must+havedone表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。
Shemusthavereadthenovellastweek,didn'tshe?
她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗?
Youmusthavetoldheraboutit,haven'tyou?
你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗?
11)感叹句中,疑问部分用be+主语。
Whatcolours,aren'tthey?
Whatanicesmell,isn'tit?
12)陈述部分由neither…nor,either…or连接的并列主语时,疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
NeitheryounorIamengineer,arewe?
Eitheryouorheisright,isn’the?
(就近一致)
13)陈述部分主语是指示代词that,this或不定代词everything,nothing,疑问部分主语用it。
Everythingisready,isn'tit?
Everythingbeginstogrowinspring,doesn’tit?
14)陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句,疑问部分有三种情况:
a.并列复合句疑问部分,谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
AsMr.SmithhadbeentoBeijingforseveraltimes,heshouldhavebeeninChinanow,shouldn'the?
b.带有定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句,疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定:
Heisnotthemanwhogaveusatalk,ishe?
HesuggestedyouvisitJapan,didn'the?
c.上述部分主句谓语是I/wethink,believe,expect,suppose,imagine等引导的宾语从句,疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
Idon'tthinkheisbright,ishe?
Webelieveshecandoitbetter,can'tshe?
15)陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,noone等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he。
Everyoneknowstheanswer,don'tthey?
(doesn’the?
)
Nobodyknowsaboutit,dothey?
(doeshe?
)
Everyoneisintheclassroom,aren’tthey?
Nobodywillgo,willthey?
16)带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句,疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语。
Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?
Youdarenotsayso,dareyou?
当dare,need为实义动词时,疑问部分用助动词do+主语。
Shedoesn'tdaretogohomealone,doesshe?
17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用willyou。
Don'tdothatagain,willyou?
Gowithme,willyou/won'tyou?
Turnontheradio,willyou?
注意:
Let's开头的祈使句,后用shallwe?
Letus开头的祈使句,后用willyou?
•Let'sgoandlistentothemusic,shallwe?
•Letuswaitforyouintheroom,willyou?
Itisafineday.Let’sgofishing,shallwe?
Letusdothisjob,willyou?
当陈述部分是祈使句时,疑问句要根据语气来表达
Letmehelpyou,mayI?
18)陈述部分是"therebe"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
(be+主语)
Thereissomethingwrongwithyourwatch,isn'tthere?
Therewillnotbeanytrouble,willthere?
Thereweremanypeopleintheroomthen,weren’tthere?
19)否定前缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
Itisimpossible,isn'tit?
Heisnotunkindtohisclassmates,ishe?
20).反义疑问句的回答用yes,no但是,当陈述部分是否定形式时,回答要按事实。
Theydon’tworkhard,dothey?
Yes,theydo.
不,他们工作努力。
No,theydon’t.
对,他们工作不努力。
4.主语不一致的若干情况如下(需牢记):
前句主语
后句主语
例 句
This/that
It
Thisisyourbrother,isn’tit?
Something\anything\
everything\nothing
Nothingisserious,isit?
V.ing/tov.
Swimmingisgreatfun,isn’tit?
These/those
they
Thosearebooks,aren’tthey?
Everybody/everyone
Someboby/someone
Anybody/anyone
He/they
Everyoneknowsthis,don’tthey?
(Everyoneknowsthis,doesn’tit?
)
Both…an