学年度七年级英语下册 情态动词拔高课讲义 新版人教新目标版.docx
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学年度七年级英语下册情态动词拔高课讲义新版人教新目标版
情态动词拔高课(讲义)
一、情态动词基本特征
Icanplaythedrumsverywell.
ShemustspendanhourreadingEnglisheveryday.ThatboymaybeLinda’sbrother.
情态动词属于,不能单独构成谓语,后面要接动
词,并且只能接。
没有人称,时态和数的变化。
用来表达说话人的情绪,态度或语气。
练习:
()—Whatcanshedo?
—Shecan_guitar.
A.playB.playthe
C.playstheD.playing
()Thegirlinredmaymyoldfriend,Jane.
A.amB.isC.beD.are()Maryathometonightbecauseshe
alotofclothestowash.
A.may;hasB.maybe;have
C.must;hasD.maybe;has
二、句式转换
IcanswimsoIwanttojointheswimmingclub.Ican’tgotothecinemawithyoutomorrow.
Canyouplaytheguitar?
含有情态动词的句子,变否定句时直接在后加
not;变为一般疑问句时,把提到句首。
练习:
Hecanstayfordinnertonight.(变为一般疑问句)
Imaygotothecountrysidenextmonth.(变为否定句)
Myfriendcanjointhemusicclub.(就划线部分提问)
WemustarriveinHenantomorrow.(就划线部分提问)
三、情态动词总结
can
1.能够,会
MysistercanspeakEnglishquitewell.ButIcan’tspeakEnglishatall.
can可以用来描述某人具有某种。
2.可以
Youcangohomenow.
Youcantakethisbookawayifyoulikeit.
can可以用来表示一种_。
3.可以……吗?
Canyoupassmespieceofpaper?
CanIstayatmyfriend’shometonight?
can可以用来表示,并且通常对于关系亲近的人。
肯定回答用Yes,sbcan.否定回答用No,sbcan’t.
could
1.能够,会
IcouldridethebicyclewhenIwasseven.Hecouldswimwhenhewasalittlechild.
用来描述某人具有某种能力,用于。
—ThelittlegirlspeakFrenchverywell.
—IspeakafewFrenchwhenIwasyoung,butIforgetallnow.
2.……可以吗
Couldyouhelpmemovetheheavybox?
CouldIhavealookatyourfamilyphotos?
could可以用来表示,口气比can委婉。
回答时,
与can相同
肯定回答用Yes,sbcan.否定回答用No,sbcan’t.()—CouldIborrowyourruler,please?
—Yes,you_.Butyoumustreturnitbeforelunchtime.
A.havetoB.canC.mustD.could
need
Tinaneedstogetsomesleep.
Idon’tneedtogohomeyet—it’sstillearly.Heneededtofinishtheworkyesterday.
need作实义动词,有人称,时态的变化。
接动词时,用动词不
定式。
—NeedIcomeherebeforeeighttomorrowmorning?
—No,youneedn’t.
need也可作情态动词,常用于否定句和疑问句中,
needn’t翻译为“没必要”。
练习:
判断下列句子中的need属于实义动词还是情态动词Andyneedstohavearest.
NeedIpayhimavisit?
Youneedn’tgetheresoearly.mustv.必须
Tom,youmustlistentoyourteacheratschool.Wemuststopwhenthetrafficlightisred.
Imustkeepthehabitofgoingtobedearly.
must常用来表达一种或者一种。
haveto“不得不,必须”
—Doyouwanttoplaybasketballwithusafterschool?
—I’dloveto,butIhavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.Ihadtoleaveatthattime.(变为否定句)
Shehastolookafterherlittlebrothertoday.(变为一般疑问句)
must&haveto
区别1:
must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事,多译为“”,而haveto除了表示必须,也可表示环境所限,客观要求(无奈)而为之,多译为“”。
Youmustbehereontimetomorrow.
Imustgetupearlytocatchthefirsttrain.
Ican’tgooutwithyoubecauseIhavetodomyhomeworknow.
Ihavetoleaveschoolbecausemyfamilyisverypoor.
区别2:
没有人称,时态的变化;有人称,时态的变化。
区别3:
否定形式的含义不同
must的否定形式mustn’t表示“禁令”,译为“禁止……,绝对不能……”;
haveto的否定形式don’thaveto译为“没必要”。
Childrenmustn’tswimintheriver.
Youdon’thavetotakeataxi.Itisstillearly.
联系:
—MustIhandinthehomeworknow?
—Yes,youmust/haveto.
—No,youdon’thaveto/needn’t.
must提问的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must或者haveto;肯定回答用don’thaveto或者needn’t.
()—MustIbeinhospitalforaweek,Doctor?
—No,you.Youcangobackhometomorrow.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.must
may
1.“可能,也许”表达一种可能性
ImayvisitmygrandparentsonSunday,butIamnotsureyet.
—Ican’tfindmywatch.
—Itmaybeinyourschoolbag.
2.“可以”
Youmaytakethisawayifyoulikeit.Youmayhaveyourlunchnow.
3.“……可以吗?
……好吗?
”
MayIuseyourtelephone?
MayIcomein?
may表示委婉请求时,常与第一人称连用。
语气比can,could
委婉。
肯定回答用Yes,sbmay.否定回答用No,youcan’t或者No,youmustn’t.
()—MayIsmokehere?
—I’msorryyou.Itisdangeroustosmokehere.
A.needn’tB.canC.mayD.mustn’tmaybe&maybe
Shemaybeathomenow.
Maybeshewantstogotomovieswithyoutoday.
maybe:
may后要接动词原形。
am,is,are的原形为be。
maybe:
是一个副词,意思是“也许,可能”。
常放在句首。
()Willyouanswerthetelephone?
Ityourmother.
A.canbeB.maybe
C.havetobeD.maybe
四、课堂练习
()1.—Whatmustyourbrotherdoeveryday?
—Hemustpiano.
A.practiceplayB.practicesplay
C.practiceplayingD.practicesplaying()2.—Canyourbrotherdrive?
—.Heoftendrivesmetowork.
A.Yes,hecanB.No,hecan’t
C.Yes,hedrivesD.No,hedoesn’tdrive()3.—They_playfootballlastFriday
becauseSimonforgottobringhisfootballhere.
A.couldB.couldn’tC.can’tD.can()4.—CouldIhaveanothercupofcoffee?
—Yes,ofcourseyou.
A.canB.can’tC.couldD.couldn’t()5.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinkshe
needsiteveryday.
A.practicetospeakB.topracticespeaking
C.practicespeakingD.topracticetospeak()6.—Let’stakeataxi.
—No,we.It’snotfarfromhere.
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.couldn’tD.needn’t
()7.—Doyouhavetomakedinnerforyo