人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典.docx
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人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典
2020-2021年人教版英语八年级英语下册阅读理解经典
一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读理解
Embroidery（刺绣）hasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina.EmbroideryisverypopularinmanycountriessuchasChina,IndiaandJapan.Embroideryisthehandicraftofdecoratingfabricorothermaterialswithneedlesandthreadoryarn.EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins.Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts.Embroideryisavailablewithawidevarietyofthreadoryarncolours.
Embroideryhasmanyuniquecharacteristics（特点）.Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.Theyarestillthefundamentaltechniquesofhandembroiderytoday.
Embroiderycanbeclassifiedaccordingtowhetherthedesignisstitchedontopoforthroughthefoundationfabric;andbytherelationshipofstitchplacementtothefabric.Differentembroiderieshavetheirownadvantagesanddisadvantages.In'modernsociety,wecanproducemanydifferentembroideries.Machineembroideryisoneofthem:
ItappearsintheearlystagesoftheIndustrialRevolution.
（1）Fromthepassage,wecanknowembroiderycandatebackto
A. theWarringStatesPeriod
B. theSpringandAutumnPeriod
C. themoderntimes D. theMingDynasty
（2）Whichofthefollowingmaterialscannotbeusedinembroideryaccordingtothepassage?
A. Metalstrips.
B. Pearls.
C. Quills.
D. Wood.
（3）Fromthepassage,howmanythingscanembroiderybeusedon?
A. Seven.
B. Six.
C. Five.
D. Eight.
（4）Whichofthefollowingcharacteristicsbelongstoembroidery?
A. Theflyingstitch. B. Thesatinstitch. C. Theflatstitch. D. Thebuttonstitch.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了刺绣的起源，构造以及特点和用途。
（1）细节题。
根据第一段提到的 EmbroideryhasalonghistoryandcandatebacktotheWarringStatesPeriodinChina. 可知刺绣来自theWarringStatesPeriod，故选A。
（2）细节题。
根据第一段提到的EmbroiderymayalsouseothermaterialssuchasmetalStrips,pearls,beads,quillsandsequins. 可知材料不包括wood，木料，故选D。
（3）细节题。
根据第一段提到的Embroideryismostoftenusedoncaps,hats,coats,blankets,dressshirts,denim,stockingsandgolfshirts. 可知一共有8个，故选D。
（4）细节题。
根据第二段提到的Oneoftheinterestingcharacteristicsofembroideryisthebasictechniquesorstitches（针法）,suchasthechainstitch,thebuttonholeortheblanketstitch,therunningstitch,thesatinstitchandthecrossstitch.可知thesatinstitch是它的特点，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2．阅读理解
Morethanfiftyyearsago,BarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys.Sincethen,Barbiedoll,aseveryonecalledher,hasbecomethemostsuccessfultoydollinhistory.Herparent,theMattelCompany,saidthat90GofallAmericangirlsbetween3and10haveatleastoneBarbieathome.
However,Barbieisfacingsometroubleatpresent.Therearemanysimilardollsonthemarketincompetitionwithher.AnotherdollnamedBratz,forexample,cametolifeaboutsixteenyearsago.Shelooksmoreliketoday'spopstarswithheavymakeup（浓妆）andminiskirts.Andhercompanyoffersmorekindsofclothes.
ItseemsthatBarbiehaslosthermagicamongoldergirls."Foryoungergirls,playingwithaBarbieismuchfunnier.Butwhenyougetolder,youwantsomethingsmarterandmoremodern,"saysVeraShepherd,ashopassistantofatoystoreinNewYork.
Itisgoodnewsthatontheinternationalmarket,BarbieisstillNo.1.AlthoughMattelissellingfewerBarbiesintheUnitedStatestheseyears,salesinothercountriesarestillgoingup.MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesignersfortheirownBarbies.
MattelisplanningbigcelebrationsforBarbie's58thbirthday.FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie.HowlongwillBarbiestaypopularintheworldoftoydolls?
Itishardtosay,but58issurelynottheagetoretire（退休）.
（1）Barbie'sfamilynameis .
A. Roberts B. Millicent C. Shepherd D. Bratz
（2）Barbie'stroubleisthat .
A. shewearsheavymakeupandminiskirts
B. otherdollsaremorepopularwithlittlegirls
C. otherdollsaretryingtobeatherinthemarket
D. shehasbecomelesspopularintheinternationalmarket
（3）GirlscandothefollowinginthefirstBarbiestoreinShanghaiEXCEPT .
A. goingshopping B. havingfood C. drinkingjuice D. takingphotos
（4）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwords"fashiondesigners"inthepassage?
A. 珠宝设计师 B. 发型设计师 C. 舞台设计师 D. 时装设计师
【答案】
（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了芭比娃娃的起源，以及现在的发展状况。
（1）细节题。
根据第一段提到的BarbieMillicentRobertsfirstappearedintheworldoftoys. 可知，姓为Roberts，故选A。
（2）推断题。
根据第二段说其他娃娃也相继占有市场，可知Barbie因此受到打击，故选C。
（3）细节题。
根据第三段提到的MattelopeneditsfirstBarbiestoreinShanghai,wheregirlscanshop,eat,drinkorevenbecomefashiondesigners fortheirownBarbies.可知，只有takingphotos不可以，故选D。
（4）推断题。
根据第四段提到的 FashiondesignersfromallovertheworldhavebeencalledtomakenewdressesforBarbie，可知这个单词的意思为时装设计师，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
3．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
"Homestayisaformofstudyabroadprogram.Itallowsavisitortorentaroomfromalocal（当地的）familytounderstandthelocallifestylebetter.Italsohelpstoimprovethevisitor'slanguageability,"saidateacher,duringaschoolmeetinglastterm."Studentswhowishtolearnmoreaboutforeignculturesortogetforeignexperienceshouldjointhiskindofholiday.Iamsureyouwon'tbedisappointed（失望的）."
Afterthisspecialmeeting,Ialwaysthoughtaboutthiskindofholiday.LastmonthIhadachanceatlasttogoonsuchaholidaywithsomeofmyschoolmatesandwewenttoLondon—aplacewhereIhadwantedtogosinceyearsago.
Aswewerestillyoung,wehadagroupleaderwhoplannedthingsforusandlookedafterus.AfterwegottoLondon,wewenttostaywithdifferentfamilies.Iwasluckythatmyhostfamily（寄宿家庭）wasawhitecouplewhohadadaughteraboutmyage.Theytreatedmeasadaughteroftheirfamilyduringmystaythere.TheywereinterestedinmeandIlearntalotofthingsfromthemtoo.
Theholidaywasfilledwithactivitieseveryday.Afterbreakfast,alocalteacherwouldcometotakeusinhiscar.Thenwewouldhaveclassesorgoonasightseeingtriptodifferentplacesofinterest,liketheBigBen,theLondonBridgeandtheBuckinghamPalace.Wewouldgobacktoourownhomesaftertheactivities.
Theholidaywasavaluableexperienceforme.Ienjoyedeveryminuteofit.Yet,timereallyflewfast.Threeweekslater,wehadtoleave"homes"forHongKong.
（1）Inthe"homestay"program,avisitorcan________.
A. learnmoreaboutholidays
B. understandhisculturebetter
C. improvethelanguageability
D. takepartinforeignmeetings
（2）Thegroupleadershould________.
A. makeplansforthefamily B. takecareofthestudents
C. staywithdifferentfamilies
D. rentroomstothestudents
（3）Thewriter'shostfamily________.
A. wereverykindtoher
B. wentsightseeingwithher
C. hadtwowhitedaughters
D. wereinterestedinheractivities
（4）Fromthepassageweknowthatthewriter________inLondon.
A. wishedtostayalittlelonger
B. spentthreeweeksinher"home"
C. hadclassesinmanyinterestingplaces
D. helpedtheteachertakethestudentsinacar
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】大意：
文章主要介绍了作者在伦敦寄宿家庭度过的一个假期。
（1）细节理解题。
根据第一段Italsohelpstoimprovethevisitor'slanguageability.他也帮助提高游客的语言能力，可知在家庭寄宿项目中，游客可以提高语言能力。
故选C。
（2）细节理解题。
根据第三段wehadagroupleaderwhoplannedthingsforusandlookedafterus.可知，团队带领人要照顾学生。
故选B。
（3）细节理解题。
根据第三段Theytreatedmeasadaughteroftheirfamilyduringmystaythere.在我停留的期间，他们待我像他们家的女儿一样，可知作者的寄宿家庭对她特别好。
故选A。
（4）推理判断题。
根据最后一段Yet,timereallyflewfast.然而，时间过得真的很快，可知作者希望可以停留久一点。
故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
4．阅读理解
April22isEarthDay.EveryoneonEarthshouldcareaboutandprotecttheearth!
Theearthhaswarmedbyabout1°F（华氏度）overthepast100years,butwhyandhow?
Well,scientistsarenotquitesure.Maybetheearthgetswarmerandwarmeronitsown.Butmanyscientistssaythatpeoplearedoingmanythingswhichmakestheearthwarmer.First,greenhouseeffect（温室效应）isaveryimportantreasonforthechangeoftheearth.Peoplegiveouttoomuchenergyintotheaireveryyear.Itmakestheearthwarmer.Climate（气候）changeisanotherimportantreason.Sometimesitbecomestoohotandsometimestoocold.Sometimesthereistoomuchrainandsometimestoolittle.Thechangeoftheclimatemakestheearthwarmer.Inturn,thewarmthoftheearthchangestheclimate,too.
Whentheearthbecomeswarmer,therema
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