英语四级图表作文讲解及参考范文.docx
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英语四级图表作文讲解及参考范文
英语四级图表作文讲解及参考范文
一.教学内容：
书面表达讲解与训练——图表类写作
［如何写图表作文］
图表作文要求考生根据所给的图表、数据及标题进行分析、研究，阅读其中的文字和说明，弄清各种信息之间的关系，提炼和确定出文章的中心思想。
然后进行分析、概括和归纳。
注意：
1）图表和数据内容不必全部描述。
2）善于抓住总的规律，趋势，归纳增减率。
3）时态：
特定时间用过去时。
经常出现的情况或自己的评述用一般现在时。
［图表作文形式有］
数字表：
曲线图（linegraph）表格（table）图形表：
饼状图（piechart）条状图（barchar）
?
［常见的表达用语］
短语:
1上升goupto/climbto/increaseto/riseto/jumpto
Thepopulationofthiscityhasbeenincreasingsorapidlythatithasnowamountedto250million.
Therewasarapidincreasebetween1993and1994,andthenumberthenjumpedtofivemillionin1995.
2保持没变remain;notchange
Thenumberoffiresineachmonthremainedthesame.
3下降fallto;godownto;decrease;dropto;decline;
%
Incomparisonwiththatin1988,thepercentageofpeakpointsdecreasedby30%.
ThenumberofSouthAmericantravelersincreasedslightlyandthenumberofvisitorsfromEuropedeclinedslightly.
句式：
Thetableshows（indicates）thatagreatnumberofpeoplespenttheirholidaystravelingabroad.
Aswecanseefromthegraphthattheratedroppedslightlyfrom38%in1993to31%in2003.…
Fromthetablewecanfindoutthatonly35%ofthepeoplehavetakeninphysicalactivities.…
AccordingtoChartI,thenumberwastentimesasmanyasin1995.
Comparedwiththeboys,thegirlsshowmoreinterestedinchatting.
|
Thenumberoftheboysplayinggamesismuchlargerthanthatofthegirls.
...isequaltothatof...
Itdoubledthenumberoflastyear.
结束语
Ascanbeseenfromthechartthat,only10%ofthetimeistakenupwithsportsactivities.…
Asisshowninthechart,theproductionlastmonthrosesosignificantly…
Asisdescribedinthechart,thetotalnumberofvisitorstotheUnitedStateshadnearlydoubledtomillionpersonby1974.
Aftergivingacarefulconsiderationtotheproblem,IthinkIwillbeabletoselecttheonewhobestfitstheposition.
;
Itisclearfromthechartthatasincomesincreasepeoplecanaffordtolivemorecomfortablyandeatwell.
Therefore,weneedtoeducateourchildren,warningthemofthedangersofplayingwithmatches.
Inconclusion,theupwardtrendssuggestthatmoreandmorecomputeruserswillhaveaccesstoInternetinthefuture.
Insummary,smokingincreasedthreedifferenttimesanddeclinedtwice,withthelastdownwardtrendstillcontinuing.
［常用连接词］
Tomovetothenextmajorpoint:
what’smore,inaddition,besides,furthermore.
Tocontrastapoint:
onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,nevertheless,however,yet.
#
Toconcludeapoint:
consequently,asaresult,inotherwords,inshort,accordingly.
Toemphasizeapoint:
withoutdoubt,chiefly,asamatteroffact,infac
模板一
①总的趋势 ②图表具体描述 ③剖析图表所揭示的含义
④理由一⑤理由二⑥理由三⑦理由四⑧总结⑨前景预测
Ascanbeseenfromthetable,thepastdecadehaswitnesseddramaticchangesin①______.
While②_______.Itisobviousfromthetablethat③_________.
WhatcontributedtothesechangesIthinkthereasonsareasfollows.Tostartwith,④______.Secondly,⑤______.What’smore,⑥_______.Lastbutnotlease,⑦________.
、
Inconclusion,⑧_________.Moreover,⑨________.
模板二
①描述图表②分三方面解释原因③下结论
1）Duringtheperiodfrom_______to_______,________rosefrom________to_______,while_______decreasedfrom_______to_______.
2）Webelievethatthreereasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.First,____.Second,____.Third,_____.
3）arehappytoseethatthingsarebecomingbetterandbetternowadays.Wecanimaginethat___.
模板三
①描述图表②解释图表③补充解释
*
1）Duringtheperiodbetween_______and________,________declinedabruptlyfrom_______to________,while________increasedsharplyfrom________to_______.
2）Severalreasonscanaccountforthisphenomenon.Comparedwith_________ismuchcheaperandmoreconvenient__________.Apartfromthat,_________.
3）However,therearestillanumberofpeoplewho_________,generallyfortworeasons.Ontheonehand,________.Ontheotherhand,________.
范文：
FilmIsGivingWaytoTV
1.电影观众越来越少
2.电视观众越来越多，因为……
3.然而，还是有人喜欢看电影，因为……
1.图表类型：
《
table表格;chart图表;diagram图表或图解，示意图;graph图表,曲线图;column/barchart柱状图;piegraph饼图
2.描述：
show;describe;illustrate;canbeseenfrom;clear;apparent;reveal显示;represent表现,描绘
3.内容：
figure数字;statistic统计值;statistics[用作复]统计,统计数字[资料],统计表number;percentage;proportion
●表示数据上升：
increase,rise,ascend,core,surge,goup,climb,mount,levelup
下降:
decrease,fall,drop,descend,decline,reduce,lessen,level,down
平稳:
stable,steady,remainsteady/stable;/maintain/keep/bethesameas/similarto;little/hardlyany/nochange
波动:
fluctuate,fluctuation,riseandfalls,upanddown
、
占:
occupy，takeup，accountfor,gainmakeup
而:
while,however,whereas,ontheotherhand,actually/infact
相比:
bycontract,onthecontrary,likewise,comparedwith
最高点:
thehighest,thetop,thesummit,thepeak,themost
最低点:
bottom,less,least,rockbottom最低点
例句Priceshavehitrockbottom.价格已达最低水平
平均:
mean平均值,average
趋势:
tendency,trend,inclination
、
预见:
prediction
达到顶峰:
mountto
比例：
20percent,20%
oneinthree,1/3
oneoutofeveryfour，1/4
有一个稳定的过程:
astableperiodcanbeseen
表示变化程度的词：
sudden/suddenly突然的，意外的rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的
￥
dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重要的
sharp/sharply明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的
steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的
slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的
表示范围：
from…to…between…and…for…to…多长时间直到
表示程度：
almostadv.几乎，差不多
nearlyadv几乎，密切地approximatelyadv.近似的，大约
justover刚超过exactlyadv.正确地，严密地
|
preciselyadv.正好精确地；清晰地
●常用词和短语
significantchanges图中一些较大变化noticeabletrend明显趋势
duringthesameperiod在同一时期grow/grew增长
distribute分布，区别unequally不相等地correspondingadj.相应的，通讯的
pronounced明显average平均nodoubt无疑地rangfrom…to从…到…不等
representvt.阐述，表现overall体上讲except除外
inthecaseofadv.在…的情况下incontrast相反，大不相同
$
inconclusionadv.最后，总之incomparison相比之下inverselyadv.相反地，倒转地
ingeneral通常，大体上，一般而言excessiveadj.过多的，过分的，额外
lowerv.降低，跌落elapsevi.（时间）过去，消逝categoryn.种类
governmentpolicy政府政的categoryn.种类marketforces市场规律
measuren.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节forecastn.先见，预见
表示程度的副词：
1.）程度较大：
considerablydramaticallygreatlymarkedlyobviouslyquicklyrapidlysharplysignificantlysuddenly
2）程度较小：
slightlygraduallyslowlysteadily
#
四、图表作文常用的句型
（1）常用的开篇句型（即概述图表内容时常用的表达法）
①Accordingtothetable/piechart/linegraph/bargraph,wecansee/concludethat…根据该表/图，我们可知……②Thetable/graphreveals（shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/pointsout）that…该表/图表明…… ③Aswecanseefromthetable… Ascanbeseenfromtheline/bargraph…Asisshown（illustrated/indicated）inthepiechart… 如表/图所示，……
（2）描述增减变化常用的句型
①Comparedwith…isstillincreasedby… ②Thenumberof…grew/rosefrom…to…
③Anincreaseisshownin…;thencameasharpincreaseof…④In…thenumberremainsthesame/dropsto…⑤Therewasaveryslight（small/slow/gradual）rise/increasein1990.
⑥Therewasaverysteady（marked/sharp/rapid/sudden/dramatic）drop（decrease/decline/fall/reduction）in1998/comparedwiththatoflastyear）.
来看一篇范文：
`
⑴Fromthegraph,wecanseethatthenumberofcaraccidentsinWaltoncityfluctuatedduringtheyearof1990.⑵Thefirsttwomonthsof1990showedanincreasingtrend.⑶Therateroseto32inMarchbutfellto26inJune.⑷FromJuneon,theratewasrisingagainandreachedthepeakpoint39inAugust.⑸AfterAugusttheratebegantodeclineremarkably,andeventuallydroppedtothelowestpoint16attheendoftheyear.⑹Therefore,it’sobviousthatcaraccidentinWaltoncitydeclinedin1990.⑴主题句/概述表格反映的内容⑵—（5）反映交通事故的变化情况（6）小结：
总结表格数据反映的总趋势
⑺Thereareseveralreasonsforthedecline.⑻First,anewtrafficlawwasmadeandcameintoforce.⑼Itprovidedthatinsummereverycarmustbeair-conditioned.⑽Asaresult,thehighestrateinAugust,whenhumidityandhightemperaturemakedriversimpatientandeasilyleadtocaraccidents,droppedsteadily.⑾Second,newroadswerebuiltandsomenarrowstreetswerewidened,whichquickenedtheflowoftraffic.⑿Finally,thecityadministrationmadegreateffortstoheightenpeople’sawarenessofobservingtrafficrules.⑺主题句⑻原因/措施一⑼解释措施一/次要辅助⑽采取措施一后的结果⑾原因/措施二⑿原因/措施三
⒀Withallthesenewmeasures,I’msuretherateofcaraccidentsinWaltoncitywillgoonfallingthisyear.⒀总结：
展望未来的情况
第二节图表作文样题与样文举例
样题一：
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicHowPeopleSpendTheirHolidays.Youshouldwriteatleast120words,andbaseyourcompositiononthetableandtheoutlinegivenbelow:
1、根据上表，简要描述1990年、1995年、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况及其变化；
《
2、请说明发生这些变化的原因3、得出结论。
HowPeopleSpendTheirHolidays
Asisclearlyshowninthetablethattherewasadramaticchangeinthewaypeoplespenttheirholidaysbetween1990and2000.Especially,in1990,63%ofpeoplespenttheirholidaysathome,whilethefiguredecreasedconsiderablyto24%in2000.Therearethreereasonsforthisphenomenon.
Tobeginwith,withthedevelopmentofmarket-orientedeconomy,peopleearnbyfarmoremoneythantheyusedto,makingitpossibleforthemtoaffordtravelingexpenses.Inaddition,peoplerealizetheimportanceofgettingwell-informedabouttheoutsideworldinthismoderneratodeveloptheirpotential.Forexample,atravelermayencounterortalkwithsomeoneofadifferentculturalbackgroundsoastobroadenhisvision.Lastbutnotleast,bytravelingoutside,peopleareclosetonature,whichisnotonlybeneficialtoboththeirhealthandpeaceofmind.Inshort,moreandmorepeopletak
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