考研英语二真题和答案.docx

考研英语二真题和答案.docx

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考研英语二真题和答案

2018年研究生入学考试英语

（二）试题

SeCtionIUSeOfEngliSh

DireCtions:

Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestWOrd（S）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],

[C]or[D]ontheANSWERSHEET.（10POintS）

WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetCOmmentSanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?

BeCaUSehumanshaveaninherentneedto1uncertainty,accordingtoarecentStUdyinPsychologicalScience.ThenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowisStrOngthatpeoplewill2toSatiSfytheirCUriOSityevenWhenitiscleartheanswerwill3.

InaSerieSofexperiments,behavioralSCientiStSattheUniVerSityofChiCagOandtheWiSCOnSinschoolofBUSineSStestedStUdentS'willingnessto4themselvestoUnPIeaSantStimUIiinanefforttoSatiSfycuriosity.Forone5,eachPartiCiPantWaSshownapileofPenSthattheresearcherCIaimedWerefromaPreViOUSexperiment.Thetwist?

HalfofthePenSwould6anelectricshockWhenclicked.

TWenty-SeVenStUdentSWeretoldWithPenSWereelectrified;anothertwenty-sevenWeretoldonlythatsomeWereelectrified.7leftaloneintheroom.TheStUdentSwhodidnotknowWhiChoneswouldshockthemCIiCkedmorePenSandincurredmoreShOCkSthantheStUdentSwhoknewthatwould8.SUbSeqUentexperimentsreproducedthiseffectWithotherstimuli,9thesoundoffingernailsonaChaIkbOardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.

Thedriveto10isdeeplyrootedinhumans,muchtheSameasthebasicdrivesfor11orSheIter,SaySChriStOPherHSeeoftheUniVerSityofChicago.CUriOSityisoftenCOnSideredagoodinstinct——itCan12newSCientifiCadvances,forinstance——butSOmetimeSSUCh13Canbackfire.TheinsightthatCUriOSityCandriveyoutodo14thingsisaprofoundone.

UnheaIthyCUriOSityisPOSSibIeto15,however.Inafinalexperiment,PartiCiPantSwhoWere

encouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterVieWinganUnPIeaSantPiCtUreWerelesslikelyto17toSeeSUChanimage.TheSeresultsSUggeStthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone'

SCUriOSityaheadoftimeCanhelpdetermine19itisWOrththeendeavor.Thinkingaboutlong-term

HSeesays.Inotherwords,

20iskeytoreducingthePoSSibIenegativeeffectsOfcuriosity,

don'treadonlinecomments.

IAignOreB.protectC.discussD.resolve

2.A.refuseB.seekC.waitD.regret

3.A.riseB.lastC.hurtD.mislead

4.A.alertB.exposeC.tieD.treat

5.A.trialB.messageC.reviewD.concept

6AremoveB.deliverC.weakenD.interrupt

7.A.UnlessB.IfC.WhenD.Though

8.A.changeB.continueC.disappearD.happen

9.A.suchasB.ratherthanC.regardlessofD.owingto

10.A.disagreeB.forgiveC.discoverD.forget

11.A.payB.foodC.marriageD.schooling

12.A.beginWithB.restonC.leadtoD.learnfrom

13.A.inquiryB.withdrawalC.persistenceD.diligence

14.A.self-deceptiveB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-destructive

15.A.traceB.defineC.replaceD.resist

16.A.concealB.overlookC.designD.predict

17.A.chooseB.rememberC.promiseD.pretend

18.A.reliefB.outcomeC.planD.duty

19.A.howB.whyC.whereD.whether

20.A.limitationsB.investmentsC.consequencesD.strategies

SeCtionIIReadingCOmPrehenSiOn

PartA

DireCtions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnSWerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]

or[D].MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40POintS）

TeXt1

ItisCUriOUSthatStePhenKOZiatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisStUdentSabetterfuture.

Mr.KOZiatekisPartofSOmethingPiOneering.HeisateacherataNeWHamPShirehighschool

WhereIearningisnotSOmethingofbooksandtestsandmechanicalmemorization,butPraCtical.

WhendiditbecomeacceptedWiSdOmthatStUdentSshouldbeabletonamethe13thPreSidentoftheUnitedStateSbutbeUtterIyOVerWheImedbyabrokenbikeChain?

ASKOZiatekknow,thereisIearninginjustabouteverything.NOthingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingStUdentStolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskStUCkWithgenerationsofdiscardedCheWinggum.TheyCanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.

BUthe'SalsofoundakindofinsidiousPrejUdice.WOrkingWithyourhandsisSeenasalmostamarkofinferiority.Schoolinthefamilyofvocationaleducation“havethatStereotype...thatit'SforkidswhoCan'tmakeitacademically,”hesays.

Ononehand,thatVieWPOintisalogicalPrOdUCtofAmeriCa'Sevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobSeCUritythattheUSeconomyonceOfferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated.MoreeducationisthenewPrinCiPle.WeWantmoreforourkids,andrightfullyso.

BUttheheadlongPUShintobachelor'Sdegreesforall—andtheSUbtIedevaluingofanythingless—missesanimportantpoint:

That'SnottheonlythingtheAmeriCaneconomyneeds.Yes,a

bachelor'Sdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54PerCentOfthejobsintheCoUntryare

middle-skilljobs,suchasCOnStrUCtiOnandhigh-skillmanufacturing.Butonly44PerCentof

WOrkerSareadequatelytrained.

Inotherwords,atatimeWhentheWOrkingclasshasturnedtheCOUntryonitspolitical

head,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmeriCaisVaniShing,oneobvioussolution

isStaringUSintheface.ThereisagapinWOrking-CIaSSjobs,buttheWOrkerSwhoneedthose

jobsmostaren'tequippedtodothem.Koziatek'SManCheSterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchool

istryingtofillthatgap.

KOZiatek'SschoolisaWake-UPcall.WheneducationbecomesOne-SiZe-fits-all,itrisks

overlookinganation'Sdiversityofgifts.

21.AbrokenbikeChainismentionedtoshowStUdentS'lackof.

A.academictraining

B.practicalability

C.pioneeringSPirit

D.mechanicalmemorization

22.ThereexiststhePrejUdiCethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho.

A.haveaStereOtyPedmind

B.havenoCareermotivation

C.arefinanciallydisadvantaged

D.arenotacademicallySUCCeSSfUI

23.weCaninferfromParagraPh5thathighschoolgraduates.

A.usedtohavemorejobopportunities

B.usedtohavebigfinancialCOnCernS

C.areentitledtomoreeducationalPriVilegeS

D.arereluctanttoWorkinmanufacturing

24.TheheadlongPUShintobachelorsdegreesforall.

A.helpsCreatealotofmiddle-skilljobs

B.maynarrowthegapinWOrking-CIaSSjobs

C.indicatestheOVerVaIUingofhighereducation

D.isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedworkforce

25.Theauthor'SattitudetowardKOZiatek'SschoolCanbedescribedas.

A.tolerant

B.cautious

C.supportive

D.disappointed

TeXt2

Whilefossilfuels——coal,oil,gas——stillgenerateroughly85PerCentoftheworld'Senergysupply,it'sCIearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewableSOUrCeSSUChasWindandsolar.ThemovetorenewablesisPiCkingUPmomentumaroundtheworld:

Theynowaccountformore

thanhalfofnewpowerSOUrCeSgoingonline.

SOmegrOWthStemSfromaCOmmitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedbusinessestofundCIeanerenergysources.BUtincreasinglythestoryisaboutthePIUmmetingPriCeSofrenewables,especiallyWindandsolar.ThecostofsolarPaneIShasdroppedby80PerCentandthecostofWindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthePaSteightyears.

InmanyPartSoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaPrinCiPaIenergySOUrCe」nScotland,forexample,WindturbinesPrOVideenoughelectricitytopower95PerCentofhomes.Whiletherest

OftheworldtakestheIead,notablyChinaandEUroPe,theUnitedStateSisalsoSeeingaremarkableShift」nMarCh,forthefirsttime,Windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10PerCentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInfOrmatiOnAdministration.

PreSidentTrUmPhasUnderIinedfossilfuels—especiallycoal—asthePathtoeconomic

growth」narecentSPeeChinIowa,hedismissedWindpowerasanUnreIiabIeenergySOUrCe.But

thatmessagedidnotplaywellWithmanyinIowa,WhereWindturbinesdotthefieldsandPrOVide36PerCentoftheState'Selectricitygeneration—andWheretechgiantslikeMiCrOSOftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.

Thequestion“WhathappensWhentheWinddoesn'tblowortheSUndoesn'tshine?

”hasPrOVidedaquickput-downforSkePtiCs.ButaboostintheStOrageCaPaCityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely.

TheadvanceisdriveninPartbyVehiCIemanufacturers,whoarePIaCingbigbetson

battery-poweredelectricVehiCles.AlthoughelectricCarSarestillararityonroadsnow,thismassiveinvestmentcouldChangethePiCtUrerapidlyinCOmingyears.

Whilethere'SalongWaytogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesareSPiking.ThePaCeofChangeinenergySOUrCeSappearstobeSPeedingUP—PerhaPSjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffect

inslowingCIimateChange.WhatWaShingtOndoes——ordoesn'tdo——topromotealternativeenergy

maymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobalShiftinthought.

26.Theword“PIUmmeting”（Line3,Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto.

A.stabilizing

B.changing

C.falling

D.rising

27.AccordingtoParagraPh3,theUSeofrenewableenergyinAmeriCa.

A.isPrOgreSSingnotably

B.isasextensiveasinEUroPe

C.facesmanychallenges

D.hasPrOVedtobeimpractical

28」tCanbeIeamedthatinIowa,.

A.windisaWideIyUSedenergySOUrCe

B.windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuels

C.techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergy

D.thereisaShOrtageofcleanenergySUPPIy

29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraPhS5&6?

A.Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.

B」tiscommonlyUSedinCarmanufacturing.

C.ItsCOntinUOUSSUPPIyisbecomingareality.

D.ItsSUStainabIeexploitationwillremaindifficult.

30」tCanbeinferredfromthelastParagraPhthatrenewableenergy.

A.willbringtheUSclosertootherCOUntrieS

B.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalChange

C.i