英语1.docx

英语1.docx

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英语1

一、语法和词汇

1、被动语态

①WeshallputoffthemeetingtillFriday.

ThemeetingwillbeputofftillFriday.

②Notuntil1989washesetfree.

③I’mgladtobeallowedtovisityourschool.

④Hewasrobbedofwalletlastnight.

2、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的变化规则、不规则变化

①程度相等：

Heisasbusyasbefore.

②程度不相等：

Itisnotso（as）coldtodayasyesterday.

③……许多：

far,alot,agreatdeal,alittle,abit,much.

④越…越…：

Themore,thebetter.

⑤最高级：

TheYangtzeisthelongestriverinChina.

3、介词

①at表示某一时间点，地点（小）arriveatairport

②in表示某一时间段，地点（大）arriveinHK

③on表示某一天，星期几，在…之上，arriveonFriday

④between（两个之间）与among（三个以上之间）

⑤for所朝向的目标，leaveforHK（去香港）

⑥from…to…，从…到…，from9AMto5PM

⑦by后面不加冠词/完成时的标志，byair,bybus

BythetimeIgotthere,thefilmhadalreadybegun.

Ihavebeenteachingfor10years/since1990.

4、情态公司

①can.Twoeyes.canseemorethanone.

Theycannothavegoneoutbecausethelight’son.Youcangonow.

②may.MayIaskyouaquestion?

/Hemayhaveseenthemovie.

③must.Wemustleavenow./Shemusthavemadeamistake.

④ought.Yououghttotakehisadvice.

WhenIgotthere,thefilmhadalreadybegun,Ioughttohavegotthereearlier.

⑤need.Youneedn’ttellhim.

⑥dare.Howdaretheydosuchathing?

⑦should.Heshouldlearnhowtodrive./Heshouldhavebeenthereearlier.

5、定语似句

①关系代词：

Which,who,whom,whose,that的用法

②关系副词：

when,why,how

ThatisthereasonwhyIamnottakingyouradvice.

③介词+which/whom（仅有的两个）

Thegirltowhomyouspeakismysister.

④非限制性定语从句：

Ihavethreetypesofpensinmybox,eachofthemwritessmoothly.

6、倒装句

①否定词在句首：

Notuntilhetoldmethenews,didIknowhewaskilledlastnight.

②only在句首：

Onlyafterclasswasheallowedtogo.

③so,nor,neither在句首：

Thefirstonewasn’tgoodenoughandneitherwasthesecond.

④虚拟语气中：

Hadtheynotworkingsohard,theywouldn’thavesucceeded.

Hadwemadeupourmind,wemighthavesucceeded.

IfIwereyou,Iwouldconsiderit.

7、虚拟语气：

表示建议、命令、重要性等句子中使用，如suggest/insist/order/propose/require+should+动词原形，should常被省略，这些词的名词、形容词形式也一样，如

Theysuggestthathenotsmokehere.

Theirsuggestionwaswealljointheparty.It’simportantthatwedoit.

8、强调句：

It+is/was（仅此两种）+that/who（人）/which（有时）

9、as的用法（下册P21-26）

10、一致原则、就近原则（下册P73-75）

11、虚所语气（续）（下册P233-P236）

二、英汉互译

1、我们拥有大量的自然资源

Wehaveplentyofnaturalresources.

2、Parents,teachersinschools,workassociatesandcommunicatorsinorusingthemassmediaareallcapableofarousingourpotentialinterests.Forexample,thedegreetowhichandthewaysinwhichaschoolencouragesparticipationingames,sportsandculturalpursuitsarelikelytocontributetotheshapingofleisureattitudesonthepartofthestudents.

Schoolsusuallysetastheireducationalobjectivetheattainmentofabalanceddevelopmentofthejoreseriouslythisissought,themorelikelypositiveattitudetowardsleisureaswellasacademicwordwillbeencouraged.（P162）

3、他在纠正学生错误时总是采取积极的态度

Healwaystakespositiveattitudetocorrectthestudents’mistakes.

4、他的肤色与他是否是个律师无关

Hiscolorofskinisnotrelevanttowhetherhisisagoodlawyerornot.

5、Someconcentratedstudyeachdayisbetterthanmanystudyhoursonedayandnothingthenext.Asyouworkoutyourindividualschedule,attempttoincludeaminimumoftwostudyhourseveryday.Thiswillnotonlykeepthestudyhabitalivebutalsokeepyouuptodateonyourclassassignmentsandprojects.（P175）

6、他同现代生活不合板。

Heisoutofstepwithmodernlife.

7、Self-esteemsiswhatpeoplethinkaboutthemselves-whetherornottheyfeelvalued-andwhenfamilymembershaveself-respect,pride,andbeliefinthemselves,thishighself-esteemmakesitpossibletotopewiththeeverydayproblemsofgrowingup.（P225）

8、每个人都应关心自己国家的未来。

Everybodyshouldbeconcernedaboutthefutureofhisowncountry.

9、Whatwedreamat,nightisn’tasimportanttohowwefeelinthemorningasthenumberofpeoplewhoappearinourdreams.Themorepeople,thebetterwefeel.

Oursleepinfluencesourmood.Ourmood,inturn,affectsourperformance.Andthroughouttheday,ourlevelsofmoodandperformanceremaincloselylinked.（P308）

10、广义上说，任何人做的工作都对社会有益。

Inabroadsense,theworkthatanyonedoesisofsocialvalue.

11、在商业社会里信息对每个人都有用。

Informationisofgreatvaluetoeveryoneinthebusinessworld.

12、门被档住了，有什么东西档在那儿。

Thedoorwasblocked;therewassomethingintheway.

13、他们昨天来看你时，你在干什么？

Whatwereyoudoingwhentheycametoseeyouyesterday?

14、他通过努力工作赢得了许多人的尊敬。

Heearnedmanypeoplerespectbyworkinghard.

15、没有你的帮助，我们举取是如此巨大的成功。

Withoutyourhelp,wewouldn’thavesogreatasuccess.

三、其他练习

1、Iwouldratherstayathomethangoout.

2、oneselfeducation

3、Igoupstairsinsteadoftakingthelife.

4、Icouldn’thelplaughing

5、Ispend10yuanonthebood.

6、Spendsometime/havetrouble/bebusy（in）（doing）sth.

7、applyfor申请application，申请表格

applyto应用applicant申请人

8、Irememberbeingpaid我记得已经收了钱。

9、Iremembertopay.我记得要去给钱的。

（但并未给）

Readingcomprehension（阅读理解）

Passage1.

Mealsshouldbeasortoftreat,notanutritional（营养的）treatment,foryourchildFornow,stopbeinganamateurnutritionist.Giveherthesortoffoodshereallyenjoys.Andgiveheronlyverysmallportions.Don’tscoldherifshedoesn’teateverythingonherplate.Ifshe’seateneverythingandwantsmore,giveheronlytinyadditionalportions.NeverinsistthatsheeatseverythingonherPlate.Remain,tothebestofyourability,calm,unconcernedandindifferenttoherhabitofslowlypickingawayatherfood.Instead,enjoyyourownfood,andpaynoattentiontoher.Then,afterabout,say,30minutes,verycalmlypickupaltheplatesandothercrockery（陶器）fromthetable.Mealtimeisover.Maybeyourchildwillcomplainthatsheisn’tfinishedyet.Payhernoheed.Butdosay,forexample:

that’sthewayit’sgottobe.Wecan’tstayatthetabletoolongeating.Sorry,ifyou’restillhungry,you’lljusthavetowaituntillunchtime,orwhateverthenextmealis.

31、Accordingtothepassage,mealsshouldbeasortoftreat.“treat”meansD.

A.banquetB.mismanage

C.refreshmentsD.enjoyment

32.Ifyourchilddoesn’teateverythingonherplate,D.

A.4rinsistthatsheeatseverythingonherplat

B.giveheronlyverysmallportion

C.giveherthesortoffoodshereallyenjoys.

D.don’tscoldde

33.Mealtimeisover,butsheisn’tfinishedyet,ashermother,youshouldD.

A.enjoyyourownfood

B.pickupalltheplates

C.paynoattentiontoher

D.verycalmlypickuptheplatesandcrockery30minuteslater

34.Theword“heed”heremeansD.

A.neglectB.care

C.cautionD.attention

35.ThepassagemainlyimpliesA.

A.letthechildenjoyherfood

B.giveeverythingthechildwants

C.mealsisanutritionaltreatment

D.payattentiontothechildren’sfood

Passage2

Inordertoleanaforeignlanguagewell,itisnecessarytoovercomethefearofmakingmistakes.Iftheprimarygoaloflanguageuseiscommunication,themistakesaresecondaryconsiderationsthatmaybedealtwithgraduallyasawarenessofthosemistakesincreasesOntheotherhand,studentsshouldnotignoretheirmistakes.Thelanguageleanermayobservehownativespeakersexpressthemselves,andhownativeexpressionsdifferfromthewaythelearnermightsaythem.Forexample,aSpanishspeakerwhohasbeensaying“Idoit”toexpresswillingnesstodosomethingintheimmediatefuture,could,by“interacting”withnativespeakersofEnglish,observethatnativespeakersactuallysay“I’lldoit”.Theresultingdiscrepancy（分歧）carserveasabasisforthestudenttomodifyhiswayofsingthepresentthenceinEnglish.Butastudentwhoisunwillingtointeractinthefirstplacewouldlosethisopportunitytolearnbytrialanderror.

36.Accordingtothepassage,foreignlanguagestudentsshouldnotworrytoomuchaboutmakingmistakesbecauseA.

A.communicationistheprimarygoaloflanguagelearning

B.nativespeakerswillignoretheirmistakes

C.everyonemakesmistakeswhentryingtocommunicateinastrangelanguage.

D.nativespeakerslikeforeignstudentswhotrytoleantheirlanguage

37.Accordingtothepassage,thepresenttenseinEnglishisC

A.usedwithsomeverbsbutnotwithotherstoexpressfutureintention

B.basicallythesameasitisinSpanish

C.notusedtoexpressadesiretodosomethingintheimmediatefuture

D.notthemostdifficultproblemforforeignstudents

38.TheauthorthinksthatlanguagereamerscanreducethenumberoftheirmistakesbyD.

A.askingnativespeakersforexplanation

B.readinggoodbooksintheforeignlanguage

C.speakingwithoutregardtonativespeakers

D.comparingtheirspeechwithwhatofnativespeakers

39.ThepassageimpliesthatforeignlanguagestudentswhonotinteractwithnativespeakerswillnotA.

A.latkeadvantageofavailablelanguagemodels

B.learnverymuchabouttheforeignculture

C.learnaboutthehistoryoftheforeignlanguage

D.howtoworryaboutmakingmistakes.

40.Theauthor’smajorconclusionaboutthefunctionofmistakesinforeignlanguagelearningisthatD.

A.mistakesarenotimportantintheprocessoflearninglanguage

B.leadersareoftenveryafraidofmakingmistakes.

C.mistakesdonotinterferewithcommunication

D.makingmistakescanhelpthelearnerdiscovertherulesofthelanguage.

Passage3

Thestudentswhoenteracoursewiththebestmaidsinqualifyingexaminationsarenotnecessarilythosewhoachievethehighestgradesatcollege.Rememberthatthesetwork（assignmentsorhomework）isnotallthatyoushouldbedoing.Youmustextendyourself.Seethatyouareplayingyourpartintryingtodevelopanactiveinterestinthework.

If,soonafterstartingacourseofstudy,youfindtheworkuninterestingornotwhatyouexpected,ormushtoodifficult