考研英语二阅读理解解题.docx
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考研英语二阅读理解解题
2021考研英语二阅读理解解题
阅读理解解题流程
Text1
ThedecisionoftheNewYorkPhilharmonictohireAlanGilbertasitsnextmusicdirectorhasbeenthetalkoftheclassical-musicworldeversincethesuddenannouncementofhisappointmentin2022.Forthemostpart,theresponsehasbeenfavorable,tosaytheleast.“Hooray!
Atlast!
〞wroteAnthonyTommasini,asober-sidedclassical-musiccritic.
Oneofthereasonswhytheappointmentcameassuchasurprise,however,isthatGilbertiscomparativelylittleknown.EvenTommasini,whohadadvocatedGilbert‘sappointmentintheTimes,callshim“anunpretentiousmusicianwithnoairoftheformidableconductorabouthim.〞AsadescriptionofthenextmusicdirectorofanorchestrathathashithertobeenledbymusicianslikeGustavMahlerandPierreBoulez,thatseemslikelytohavestruckatleastsomeTimesreadersasfaintpraise.
Formypart,IhavenoideawhetherGilbertisagreatconductororevenagoodone.Tobesure,heperformsanimpressivevarietyofinterestingcompositions,butitisnotnecessaryformetovisitAveryFisherHall,oranywhereelse,tohearinterestingorchestralmusic.AllIhavetodoistogotomyCDshelf,orbootupmycomputeranddownloadstillmorerecordedmusicfromiTunes.
Devotedconcertgoerswhoreplythatrecordingsarenosubstituteforliveperformancearemissingthepoint.Forthetime,attention,andmoneyoftheart-lovingpublic,classicalinstrumentalistsmustcompetenotonlywithoperahouses,dancetroupes,theatercompanies,andmuseums,butalsowiththerecordedperformancesofthegreatclassicalmusiciansofthe20thcentury.Theserecordingsarecheap,availableeverywhere,andveryoftenmuchhigherinartisticqualitythantoday’sliveperformances;moreover,theycanbe“consumed〞atatimeandplaceofthelistener’schoosing.Thewidespreadavailabilityofsuchrecordingshasthusbroughtaboutacrisisintheinstitutionofthetraditionalclassicalconcert.
Onepossibleresponseisforclassicalperformerstoprogramattractivenewmusicthatisnotyetavailableonrecord.Gilbert‘sowninterestinnewmusichasbeenwidelynoted:
AlexRoss,aclassical-musiccritic,hasdescribedhimasamanwhoiscapableofturningthePhilharmonicinto“amarkedlydifferent,morevibrantorganization.〞Butwhatwillbethenatureofthatdifference?
Merelyexpandingtheorchestra’srepertoirewillnotbeenough.IfGilbertandthePhilharmonicaretosucceed,theymustfirstchangetherelationshipbetweenAmerica‘soldestorchestraandthenewaudienceithopestoattract.
21.WelearnfromParagraph1thatGilbert’sappointmenthas________.
[A]incurredcriticism
[B]raisedsuspicion.
[C]receivedacclaim
[D]arousedcuriosity.
22.TommasiniregardsGilbertasanartistwhois_______.
[A]influential
[B]modest
[C]respectable
[D]talented
23.Theauthorbelievesthatthedevotedconcertgoers_________.
[A]ignoretheexpensesofliveperformances
[B]rejectmostkindsofrecordedperformances
[C]exaggeratethevarietyofliveperformances
[D]overestimatethevalueofliveperformances
24.Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingistrueofrecordings?
[A]Theyareofteninferiortoliveconcertsinquality.
[B]Theyareeasilyaccessibletothegeneralpublic.
[C]Theyhelpimprovethequalityofmusic.
[D]Theyhaveonlycoveredmasterpieces.
25.RegardingGilbert‘sroleinrevitalizingthePhilharmonic,theauthorfeels______.
[A]doubtful
[B]enthusiastic
[C]confident
[D]puzzled
Text2
WhenLiamMcGeedepartedaspresidentofBankofAmericainAugust,hisexplanationwassurprisinglystraightup.Ratherthancloakinghisexit
27.AccordingtoParagraph2,seniorexecutives’quittingmaybespurredby______.
[A]theirexpectationofbetterfinancialstatus
[B]theirneedtoreflectontheirprivatelife
[C]theirstrainedrelationswiththeboards
[D]theirpursuitofnewcareergoals
28.Theword“poached〞〔Line3,Paragraph4〕mostprobablymeans_______.
[A]approvedof
[B]attendedto
[C]huntedfor
[D]guardedagainst
29.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat_______.
[A]topperformersusedtoclingtotheirposts
[B]loyaltyoftopperformersisgettingout-dated
[C]topperformerscaremoreaboutreputations
[D]it’ssafertosticktothetraditionalrules
30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?
[A]CEOs:
WheretoGo?
[B]CEOs:
AlltheWayUp?
[C]TopManagersJumpwithoutaNet
[D]TheOnlyWayOutforTopPerformers
Text3
Theroughguidetomarketingsuccessusedtobethatyougotwhatyoupaidfor.Nolonger.Whiletraditional“paid〞media–suchastelevisioncommercialsandprintadvertisements–stillplayamajorrole,companiestodaycanexploitmanyalternativeformsofmedia.Consumerspassionateaboutaproductmaycreate“earned〞mediabywillinglypromotingittofriends,andacompanymayleverage“owned〞mediabysendinge-mailalertsaboutproductsandsalestocustomersregisteredwithitsWebsite.Thewayconsumersnowapproachtheprocessofmakingpurchasedecisionsmeansthatmarketing’simpactstemsfromabroadrangeoffactorsbeyondconventionalpaidmedia.
Paidandownedmediaarecontrolledbymarketerspromotingtheirownproducts.Forearnedmedia,suchmarketersactastheinitiatorforusers‘responses.Butinsomecases,onemarketer’sownedmediabecomeanothermarketer’spaidmedia–forinstance,whenane-commerceretailersellsadspaceonitsWebsite.Wedefinesuchsoldmediaasownedmediawhosetrafficissostrongthatotherorganizationsplacetheircontentore-commerceengineswithinthatenvironment.Thistrend,whichwebelieveisstillinitsinfancy,effectivelybeganwithretailersandtravelproviderssuchasairlinesandhotelsandwillnodoubtgofurther.Johnson&Johnson,forexample,hascreatedBabyCenter,astand-alonemediapropertythatpromotescomplementaryandevencompetitiveproducts.Besidesgeneratingincome,thepresenceofothermarketersmakesthesiteseemobjective,givescompaniesopportunitiestolearnvaluableinformationabouttheappealofothercompanies’marketing,andmayhelpexpandusertrafficforallcompaniesconcerned.
Thesamedramatictechnologicalchangesthathaveprovidedmarketerswithmore〔andmorediverse〕communicationschoiceshavealsoincreasedtheriskthatpassionateconsumerswillvoicetheiropinionsinquicker,morevisible,andmuchmoredamagingways.Suchhijackedmediaaretheoppositeofearnedmedia:
anassetorcampaignbecomeshostagetoconsumers,otherstakeholders,oractivistswhomakenegativeallegationsaboutabrandorproduct.Membersofsocialnetworks,forinstance,arelearningthattheycanhijackmediatoapplypressureonthebusinessesthatoriginallycreatedthem.
Ifthathappens,passionateconsumerswouldtrytopersuadeotherstoboycottproducts,puttingthereputationofthetargetcompanyatrisk.Insuchacase,thecompany‘sresponsemaynotbesufficientlyquickorthoughtful,andthelearningcurvehasbeensteep.ToyotaMotor,forexample,alleviatedsomeofthedamagefromitsrecallcrisisearlierthisyearwitharelativelyquickandwell-orchestratedsocial-mediaresponsecampaign,whichincludedeffortstoengagewithconsumersdirectlyonsitessuchasTwitterandthesocial-newssiteDigg.
31.Consumersmaycreate“earned〞mediawhentheyare_______.
[A]obsessedwithonlineshoppingatcertainWebsites
[B]inspiredbyproduct-promotinge-mailssenttothem
[C]eagertohelptheirfriendspromotequalityproducts
[D]enthusiasticaboutrecommendingtheirfavoriteproducts
32.AccordingtoParagraph2,soldmediafeature__________.
[A]asafebusinessenvironment
[B]randomcompetition
[C]strongusertraffic
[D]flexibilityinorganization
33.TheauthorindicatesinParagraph3thatearnedmedia_________.
[A]inviteconstantconflictswithpassionateconsumers
[B]canbeusedtoproducenegativeeffectsinmarketing
[C]mayberesponsibleforfiercercompetition.
[D]deserveallthenegativecommentsaboutthem.
34.ToyotaMotor‘sexperienceiscitedasanexampleof__________.
[A]respondingeffectivelytohijackedmedia
[B]persuadingcustomersintoboycottingproducts
[C]cooperatingwithsupportiveconsumers
[D]takingadvantageofhijackedmedia
35.Whichofthefollowingisthetextmainlyabout?
[A]Alternativestoconventionalpaidmedia.
[B]Conflictbetweenhijackedandearnedmedia.
[C]Dominanceofhijackedmedia.
[D]Popularityofownedmedia.
Text4
It‘snosurprisethatJenniferSenior’sinsightful,provocativemagazinecoverstory.“IloveMyChildren,IHateMyLife,〞isarousingmuchchatter–nothinggetspeopletalkinglikethesuggestionthatchildrearingisanythinglessthanacompletelyfulfilling,life-enrichingexperience.Ratherthanconcludingthatchildrenmakeparentseitherhappyormiserable,Seniorsuggestsweneedtoredefinehappiness:
insteadofthinkingofitassomethingthatcanbemeasuredbymoment-to-momentjoy,weshouldconsiderbeinghappyasapast-tensecondition.Eventhoughtheday-to-dayexperienceofraisingkidscanbesoul-crushinglyhard,Seniorwritesthat“theverythingsthatinthemomentdampenourmoodscanlaterbesourcesofintensegratificationanddelight.〞
ThemagazinecovershowinganattractivemotherholdingacutebabyishardlytheonlyMadonna-and-childimageonnewsstandsthisweek.Therearealsostoriesaboutnewlyadoptive–andnewlysingle–momSandraBullock,aswellastheusual“JenniferAnistonispregnant〞news.Practicallyeveryweekfeaturesatleastonecelebritymom,ormom-to-be,smi