完整word版小学英语全部知识点复习精华版2推荐文档.docx
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完整word版小学英语全部知识点复习精华版2推荐文档
英语复习小结
一、名词:
有可数名词和不可数名词。
1、可数名词有单数、复数之分,
名词复数形式的构成规则:
(1)一般在名词词尾加“s”
如:
teacher—teachersegg---eggs
(2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词加es
如class---classesbox--boxesbus--buseswatch--watches
(3)以辅音字母+y的名词变y为i再加es
如:
story---storieslibrary---libraries,
dictionary----dictionarieshobby---hobbies
(4)以f,fe结尾的名词,变f,fe为v加es
如:
life---livesleaf---leaveshalf---halves
knife---kniveswolf-wolveswife---wives
(5)以o结尾的名词“英雄芒果土豆西红柿”加es
hero---heroesmango---mangoes
potato---potatoestomato---tomatoes
其余加s(目前所学的词)zoo---zooskilo---kilos
radio—radiosphoto---photospiano--pianos
(6)不规则名词单复数形式
如:
child—childrenwoman---women
man---menfoot---feettooth---teeth
有的可数名词单、复数形式相同,如Japanese,Chinese,sheep,
如:
Ihaveonesheep.Hehastwosheep.
2、不可数名词没有复数形式
不可数名词有:
(1)milk,water,juice,tea,ice;
(2)food,rice,meat,fish,chicken,bread,cheese
(3)paper,newspaper,hair,time,money,homework,housework
不可数名词的数量常表示如下
twobottlesofmilkacupofjuicehalfakiloofcheese
abagofricethreekilosofmeatsomewater
二、人称代词
人称代词包括主格和宾格。
主格在句中作主语,宾格用于动词或介词后作宾语。
主格
I
we
you
he
she
it
they
宾格
me
us
you
him
her
it
them
我
我们
你,你们
他
她
它
他们
Wearegoingtohaveapicnic.Letusgo.
ImisseveryoneinChina.Whocanhelpme?
Whatishedoing?
Heistryingtogetonthebus.Lookathim.
Shecan’thear.Thisdoghelpsher.
TellmemoreabouttheGreatWall.
三.物主代词
物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
形容词性物主代词后需跟名词,名词性物主代词后不用跟。
名词性物主代词含义=形容词性物主代词+名词的含义
形容词性物主代词
my
our
your
his
her
its
their
名词性物主代词
mine
ours
yours
his
hers
its
theirs
我的
我们的
你的,你们的
他的
她的
它的
他们的
Thisismybook.=Thisbookismine.
Thisishisbag.=Thisbagishis.
Yourwatchisold,buthersisnew.
Thanksgivingismyfavouritefestival.
Wesay“Thankyou”forourfood,familyandfriends.
四、疑问词
who谁what什么when什么时候whattime几点
where哪里why为什么how怎样howmuch多少
howmany多少howold多大whose谁的
whatcolour什么颜色howlong多长
1.对人物提问用who
Whogaveittoyou?
Simon’sfamilygaveittome.
Whocanhelpme?
Icanhelpyou.
2.对事物或做某事提问用what
Whatdoyouwant?
Iwantahotdog.
Whatareyoudoing?
Iamreadingabook.
Whatareyougoingtostudy?
I’mgoingtostudyEnglish.
Whatareyougoingtodo?
We’regoingtowalkaroundthelake.
What’sitabout?
It’saboutanimals.
3.对时间提问用when
Whenareyougoingtoeat?
We’regoingtoeatathalfpasttwelve.
Whenwasheborn?
Hewasbornin1809.
4.对点钟提问用whattime
Whattimeisit?
It’stwelve.
Whattimedoyougetup?
Igetupatsixo’clock.
5.对地点提问用where
Wherewasheborn?
HewasborninFrance.
Whereareyou?
Iamonthetrain.
Where’syourmum?
She’satthesupermarket.
6.对原因提问用why
Whyareyouwearingaraincoat?
Becauseit’sgoingtorain.
7.对身体状况或方式提问用how
Howareyou?
I’mfine.
Howareyougoingtogotoschool?
I’mgoingtogotoschoolbybus.
8.对价钱或不可数名词的数量提问用howmuch
Howmuchisit?
It’sthirteendollarsandtwenty-fivecents.
Howmuchmilkdoyouwant?
Iwanttwobottlesofmilk.
9.对可数名词的数量提问用howmany
Howmanybooksarethereonthedesk?
Therearethreebooksonthedesk.
10.对年龄提问用howold
Howoldareyou?
I’mtwelve.
11.对“某人的”提问用whose
Whosecapisthis?
It’sAmy’scap.
Whosepenisthat?
It’shispen.
12.对颜色提问用whatcolour
Whatcolourisit?
It’sblack.
13.对星期提问用whatday
Whatdayisittoday?
It’sMonday.
14.Howlongisit?
It’saboutsixthousandsevenhundredkilometers.
特殊疑问句语序:
疑问词+一般疑问句语序?
例:
Howdoyougotoschool?
疑问词(做主语)+谓语动词+……?
例:
Whogaveittoyou?
五.时态
1.一般过去时
表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
经常与表示过去的时间连用。
如yesterday(昨天),lastweek(上周),lastmonth(上个月),lastyear(去年),twomonthsago(两个月前)等。
构成:
(1)肯定句:
主语+动词过去式+……
Hemadeavideo.
否定句:
主语+didn't+动词原形+……
Hedidn’tmakeavideo.
一般疑问句:
Did+主语+动词原形+…….?
Didhemakeavideo?
(2)be动词用was,were.否定句在was,were后加not.一般疑问句把was,were提前到句首。
ShewasborninAmerica.
ShewasnotborninAmerica.
WassheborninAmerica?
2.现在进行时
表示现在正在进行的动作
构成:
主语+am/is/are+现在分词+……
Thebirdsaresinginginthetrees.
否定句在am/is/are后加not.
Thebirdsarenotsinginginthetrees.
一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。
Arethebirdssinginginthetrees?
3.一般将来时
表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。
经常与表示将来的时间连用。
如tomorrow(明天),nextweek(下周),nextyear(明年)等。
构成:
(1)主语+will+动词原形+……
Hewillpickuptheapples.
否定句在will后加not.
Hewillnotpickuptheapples.
一般疑问句把will提前到句首。
Willhepickuptheapples?
(2)主语+begoingto+动词原形+……
WearegoingtostudyFrench.
否定句在am/is/are后加not.
WearenotgoingtostudyFrench.
一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。
AreyougoingtostudyFrench?
4.一般现在时
表示经常性,习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
构成:
(1)主语+am/is/are+……
否定句在am/is/are后加not.一般疑问句把am/is/are提前到句首。
HelenKellerisamodelforblindpeopleandforyouandme.
(2)肯定句:
主语+动词原形+……
Theduckslikeit.
否定句:
主语+don't+动词原形+……
Theducksdon’tlikeit.
一般疑问句:
Do+主语+动词原形+…….?
Dotheduckslikeit?
(3)肯定句:
主语(三单)+动词第三人称单数形式+……
Helikesnoodles.
否定句:
主语+doesn't+动词原形+……
Hedoesn’tlikenoodles.
一般疑问句:
Does+主语+动词原形+…….?
Doeshelikenoodles
六.动词过去式形式
规则动词的过去式构成
1.一般在动词词尾加ed
如:
work---workedplay---playedwatch--watched
2.以e结尾动词在词尾加d
如:
live---lived
3.以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把y变为i再加ed
如:
study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---criedcarry---carried
4.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加ed,
如:
stop---stoppeddrop---dropped
5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
动词原形动词过去式动词原形动词过去式
gowentcomecame
becomebecamebringbrought
saysaidputput
teachtaughtcancould
readreadgivegave
am/iswasarewere
dodidflyflew
havehadmakemade
runranseesaw
riderodewinwon
getgottelltold
eatatesendsent
taketookbuybought
sitsatmeetmet
writewrotedrawdrew
swimswamflyflew
rinkdrankgivegave
ringrangfallfell
七.动词ing形式也是现在分词形式
现在分词的构成规则
1.一般在动词词尾直接加“ing”
sleep---sleepinglook---lookingwear---wearing
send---sendingeat---eatingsing---singing
go---goingjump---jumpingplay---playing
2.以不发音的e结尾的动词要去掉e再加上“ing”
write---writingcome---comingride---riding
have---havingmake---makingshine---shiningtake---takingclose--closing
3.有些动词双写最后一个字母再加“ing”
get---gettingput---puttingsit---sittingrun---runningswim---swimmingskip---skippingshop---shopping
八.动词第三人称单数形式
动词第三人称单数的构成规则
1.大多数动词在词尾加“S”.
stop-stopsmake-makesread-reads
play-playssay[sei]-says[sez]
2.以辅音字母加“y”结尾的,要先将“y”变为“i”,然后在加“es”
fly-fliescarry-carriesstudy-studiesworry-worries
3.以“s,x,sh,ch,o”结尾,在词尾加“es”.
teach-teacheswatch-watchesgo—goesdo--does
九、情态动词can过去式could后加动词原形
IcanwriteEnglish.
Icancarrythisbag.Icanhelpyou.
Wecanalwaysbefriends.Latershecouldreadandwrite.
否定句在can,could后加not
cannot=can’tcouldnot=couldn’t
Wecan’tgonow.Ican’twriteChinese.
Ican’tcarryeverything.Hisfriendscan’thearhim.
Shecouldn’tseeandshecouldn’thear.
一般疑问句把can,could提前到句首。
Canyouswim?
Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.
CanyouspeakEnglish?
CanIwritetoyourfriends?
CanyoubemyChinesepenfriend?
Yes,ofcourse.
十.反义词
big---smalllong---shortnew---oldtall---short
young---oldheavy---lighteasy---hard/difficult
up---downearly---latefat---thinwhite---black
cry---laughdifferent---sameinside---outsidehot---cold
happy---sadgood---badclean---dirtybring---take
this---thatthese---thosealways---neverwoman---man
十一、同音词
for---fourson---sunhour---ourtoo--two
right---writeeye---Iaren’t---auntsent---cent
where---weartheir---thereby---buysee---sea
十二.、近义词
good---wellstudy---learn
十三、缩写形式与完全形式
Iam=I’mheis=he’ssheis=she’sitis=it’s
thatis=that’swhatis=what’sletus=let’s
weare=we’retheyare=they’reyouare=you’re
cannot=can’tcouldnot=couldn’tshouldnot=shouldn’twillnot=won’tI’ll=Iwillwe’ll=wewill
donot=don’tdoesnot=doesn’tdidnot=didn’t
ithasgot=it’sgotIhavegot=I’vegot
havenot=haven’thasnot=hasn’t
arenot=aren’tisnot=isn’t
十四、小学英语分类单词和词组
天气:
rain下雨snow下雪rainy有雨的snowy有雪的
hot炎热的cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的
windy有风的sunny晴朗的
食物:
hamburger汉堡hotdog热狗sandwich三明治chip薯条chicken鸡肉fish鱼肉meat肉noodles面条rice大米
soup汤cake蛋糕bread面包cheese奶酪
vegetable蔬菜fruit水果sausage香肠biscuit饼干
sweets糖果icecream冰激凌peanut花生
饮料:
milk牛奶tea茶orangejuice橙汁coffee咖啡
cola可乐water水juice果汁
颜色:
red红色的green绿色的yellow黄色的black黑色的white白色的orange橙色的blue蓝色的purple紫色的pink粉红色的
星期:
Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三
Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六Sunday星期日
月份:
January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月
季节:
spring春天summer夏天autumn秋天winter冬天
数字:
one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七
eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二
thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六
seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十
thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十
eighty八十ninety九十onehundred一百
onethousand一千onemillion一百万
衣服:
T-shirtT恤衫dress裙子sweater毛衣trousers裤子skirt短裙sock袜子shoe鞋coat外套,上衣
动物:
cat猫dog狗monkey猴panda熊猫elephant大象
tiger老虎lion狮子pig猪chameleon变色龙snake蛇mouse老鼠bear熊kangaroo袋鼠frog青蛙
parrot鹦鹉bird鸟owl猫头鹰camel骆驼
家庭成员:
grandmother奶奶grandfather爷爷grandparents祖父母
mother妈妈father爸爸parents父母亲brother兄弟
sister姐妹uncle叔,伯,舅aunt阿姨cousin表兄弟
学科:
Chinese语文English英语Math数学PE体育Art艺术Science科学Physics物理Chemistry化学History历史Geography地理
节日:
FlagDay国旗日ThanksgivingDay感恩节Halloween万圣节EasterFestival复活节Christmas圣诞节
SpringFestival春节LanternFestival元宵节
DragonBoatFestival端午节Mid-AutumnFestival中秋节
名胜景点:
BigBen大本钟theRiverThames泰晤士河HydePark海德公园TowerBridge塔桥theLondonBridge伦敦桥
theBritishMuseum大英博物馆theLondonEye伦敦眼
theGreatWall长