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版英语大一轮复习Unit2Workingtheland教师用书必修4
Unit2Workingtheland
话题词汇
1.agriculturen.农业
2.farmingn.耕种
3.villagen.乡村
4.ruraladj.农村的
5.farmer/peasantn.农民
6.beachn.沙滩
7.majorin以……为专业
8.cutdowntrees砍伐树木
9.supplysth.tosb./supplysb.withsth.提供某物给某人
10.thestruggleforsurvival求生
话题佳作
高三年级举办了一次讨论会,请你根据下表写一篇活动情况的英文报道。
活动时间
上周五
活动地点
学校报告厅
讨论主题
未来会是怎样的?
参与对象
高三年级学生
讨论内容
乐观派
未来随着科技的发展,交通更方便;人类会过上更高质量的生活,寿命更长。
悲观派
未来自然资源更少,耕地更少;环境污染更严重;交通事故更多。
学生感受
当务之急是采取措施保护自然资源,减少环境污染。
参考词汇:
悲观的pessimistic
佳作欣赏
LastFriday,adiscussiononthetheme“Whatwillthefuturebelike?
”washeldamongstudentsinSeniorThreeinthelecturehall.Somestudentsarequiteoptimistic,believingthatinthefuture,withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,transportationwillbemoreconvenientandhumanbeings,whowillenjoyhigherqualityoflife,willlivemuchlonger.However,otherstudents,alittlepessimistic,holdthatasnaturalresourcesfurtherdecrease,farmlandwillbecomeless.What’sworse,pollutionwillbemoreseriousandmoretrafficaccidentswillhappen.Afterthat,werealizeweshouldtakeimmediatemeasurestoprotectnaturalresourcesandreduceenvironmentalpollution.
名师点睛
本文信息内容完整,篇章结构连贯。
文章一开头就指出了活动的时间、地点、人物和讨论的主题,然后就讨论的内容作了详尽的论述,最后是学生讨论后的感受。
文章中使用了现在分词作伴随状语、定语从句、宾语从句、时间状语从句、不定式作目的状语等高级句式,此外however,what’sworse等关联词语的运用使文章行文连贯,过渡自然。
A.写作必记单词
1.strugglevi.&n.斗争;拼搏;努力
struggleagainst/with同……作斗争;与……抗争
strugglefor...为争取……而斗争
struggletoone’sfeet挣扎着站起来
2.ridvt.摆脱;除去
(1)rid...of...使……摆脱或除去……
get/beridof摆脱掉;除掉
(2)Youshouldridyourselfofthatbadhabit.
你必须改掉那个坏习惯。
3.equipvt.&vi.配备;装备
(1)equipmentn.设备(不可数)
(2)equip...with...用……装备……
equipsb.for(doing)sth.使某人为(做)某事而准备
(3)Equipped(equip)withnewscientificfarmingmethods,theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.
4.confusevt.使迷惑;使为难
(1)confusedadj.迷惑的
confusingadj.令人困惑的
(2)Theaudienceisoftenleftconfused(confuse)aboutwhetherthemeetingisoverandwhentheycangetupandleave.
5.regretvt.遗憾;惋惜;n.遗憾;懊悔
(1)regretfuladj.后悔的;遗憾的
(2)Jerrydidnotregretgiving(give)thecommentbutfeltthathecouldhaveexpresseditdifferently.
(3)Iregrettosay(say)Icannotacceptyoursuggestion.
6.focusn.焦点;中心点;vt.集中;聚焦
(1)focus...on/upon...把……集中于……
(2)Withhisattentionfocused(focus)onhishomework,heforgotallaboutwhatIhadtoldhim.
(3)Mostofusaremorefocusedonourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.(填介词)(2016·全国Ⅱ)
(4)Anxiousallthetime,Iwasunabletokeepfocused(focus)formorethananhouratatime.(2016·北京)
7.reducevt.减少;减缩
(1)reduce...to...把……减少到……;使……陷入某种状态
(2)Hungerreducedthemtostealing(steal).
(3)Anyhugetaskseemseasierwhenreduced(reduce)tobabysteps.(2014·浙江)
8.commentn.评论;议论;vi.&vt.表达意见;作出评论
commenton(upon)/makecommentson(upon)对……评论
用法点拨
comment作及物动词时,其宾语通常只能是that从句,一般不接名词或代词作宾语,若语义上需接名词或代词作宾语,则通常用commenton/uponsth.结构。
B.阅读识记单词
9.decaden.十年;十年期
10.hungern.饥饿;欲望;vt.&vi.(使)饥饿
(1)hungryadj.饥饿的
(2)behungryfor/todo渴望(做)……
(3)Tohelpyoudothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.(填介词)(2016·北京)
11.disturbingadj.引起烦恼的;令人不安的
disturbvt.打扰
12.expandvt.&vi.使变大;伸展
13.circulatevt.&vi.循环;流传
circulationn.循环;流传
14.freedomn.自由;自主
freeadj.自由的
用法点拨
表示做某事的自由,freedom后通常接不定式,习惯上不接for/ofdoingsth.。
15.thereforeadv.因此;所以;因而
16.exportvt.&vi.输出;出口
importv.&n.进口
17.occupationn.工作;职业;占领
(1)occupyvt.占据;占领
(2)inoccupationof占据……;占有……
intheoccupationof被……占领
byoccupation以……为职业
18.chemicaladj.化学的;关于化学的
chemistryn.化学
chemistn.化学家
19.productionn.生产;制造
producev.生产
productn.产品
20.discoveryn.发现;发觉
(1)discovervt.发现
(2)Butdiscoveringfreedomisnotlikediscoveringcomputers.Itcannotbediscoveredonceforall.(discover)(2015·江苏)
21.soiln.土壤
22.rootn.根;根源
takeroot生根;扎根
23.skimvt.浏览;略读
24.underlinevt.画底线标出;强调
25.summaryn.总结;摘要;概要
(1)sumv.总结;概括;n.总数;总计;金额
(2)insum简言之
1.searchfor寻找;搜寻
(1)insearchof寻找……
inone’s/thesearchfor寻找……
(2)AndthewholefamilywentonasearchforNepal.(填介词)(2015·福建)
用法点拨
注意区别下列短语:
searchsb.搜身
searchforsb.寻找某人
2.thanksto幸亏;由于,因为
Manybusinessesstartedupbycollegestudentshavetakenoffthankstothecomfortableclimateforbusinesscreation.(2016·江苏)
由于良好的创业环境,许多大学生的创业项目已经成功。
3.besatisfiedwith对……感到满意
(1)Shefinishedhermealandgaveasatisfied(satisfy)smile.
(2)Thestoryhasasatisfying(satisfy)ending.
(3)Satisfied(satisfy)thatI’ddoneagoodjob,IwouldhappilyreturnthecombtoDad.(2015·陕西)
(4)Tomysatisfaction,thebookshelfjusttakesthebooks.(填介词)
4.wouldrather宁愿;宁可
(1)Wewouldratherourdaughterstayed(stay)athomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildanylonger.(2014·陕西)
(2)Iwouldratherbelaughed(laugh)atthanquarrel(quarrel)withhim.
用法点拨
wouldrather后跟从句时,从句中动词用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反,用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。
5.withthehopeof怀有……的希望
6.buildup逐渐增强;建立;开发
7.leadto导致;造成(后果)
(1)leadsb.bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走
(2)OurPartyleadsusinbuildingsocialism.
党领导我们建设社会主义。
(3)Heledmetobelievethathehadalotofinfluence.他让我相信他很有影响力。
8.turnto转向;求助于
(1)HewastheoneIalwaysturnedtoforstrengthandsecurity.(2011·重庆)
他总是我向其寻求力量和安全感的一个人。
(2)Inthestreet,therewasn’tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.(填介词)
9.keep...freefrom/of使……免受(影响、伤害等);使……不含(有害物)
1.Ifso,whatdidyoudotogrowthem?
如果这样的话,你做了些什么来种植这些植物?
用法点拨
ifso如果是这样的话,是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式,表示肯定意义;如果表示否定意义,则用ifnot。
if构成的其他省略形式:
ifany如果有的话;ifpossible如果可能的话;ifnecessary如果必要的话;ifever如果曾经发生过的话
2.YuanLongpinggrowswhatiscalledsuperhybridrice.
袁隆平种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻”的稻种。
3.Sincethen,findingwaystogrowmorericehasbeenhislifegoal.
从那以后,发现培育更多水稻的方法成为他毕生的目标。
4.Hewouldmuchratherkeeptimeforhishobbies.
他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。
5.Cropssuchaspeasorsoybeansputimportantmineralsbackintothesoil,makingitreadyforcropssuchaswheatorcornthatneedrichandfertilesoil.
像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤,从而使之适宜于种植要求土壤肥沃的农作物比如小麦和玉米。
用法点拨
现在分词短语作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子;动词不定式作结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果。
(1)Newlybuiltwoodencottageslinethestreet,turningtheoldtownintoadreamland.
新建的小木屋沿街排成一行,将这个古老的小镇变成了一个梦幻之地。
(2016·北京)
(2)Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,onlytofinditdidn’tfit.
她迫不及待地从包裹中拿出裙子试穿,结果发现它不合身。
(2014·天津)
Ⅰ.教材与语法填空
Famousscientistasheis,YuanLongpingconsidershimself1.afarmer.Hegrows2.whatiscalledsuperhybridrice.Asayoungman,YuanLongpingsawthegreatneedforincreasingthericeoutput.Atthattime,hungerwasadisturbingprobleminChina.Hewantedtoincreasericeharvestswithout3.expanding(expand)theareaofthefields.In1973,aspecialstrainofricemade4.itpossibletoproduce20%moreofthecropinthesamefields.Thanks5.tohisresearch,theUNhasmoretoolsinthebattletoridtheworldof6.hunger(hungry).Usinghishybridrice,farmersareproducingharveststwiceas7.large(large)asbefore.Heisnowcirculatinghisriceknowledgeinlessdevelopedcountries8.toincrease(increase)theirriceharvestsandhewantstoexporthisricesothatitcanbegrownaroundtheglobe.Thoughhe9.hasstruggled(struggle)forthepastfivedecades,YuanLongpingisquitesatisfied10.withhislife.Inhissparetime,heenjoyslisteningtoviolinmusic,playingmahjong,swimmingandreading.
Ⅱ.教材与短文改错
Overthepasthalfcentury,usingchemicalfertilizersbecomeverycommoninfarming.Manyfarmerswelcomedthemselvesasagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseandincreasedproduction.Recently,however,scientistshavebeenfoundthatlongtermuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople’shealthy.
Withthesediscoveries,somefarmersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming,thatissimplyfarmingwithusinganychemicals.Thereismanydifferentorganicfarmingmethods.Allofthemhavethesameofgoal:
togrowgoodfoodandavoiddamagetheenvironmentorpeople’shealth.
答案
Overthepasthalfcentury,usingchemicalfertilizers
becomeverycommoninfarming.Manyfarmerswelcomed
asagreatwaytostopcropdiseaseand
production.Recently,however,scientistshavebeen
thatlongtermuseofthesefertilizerscancausedamagetothelandand,evenmoredangerous,topeople’s
.
Withthesediscoveries,somefarmersarebeginningtoturntoorganicfarming,
issimplyfarming
usinganychemicals.There
manydifferentorganicfarmingmethods.Allofthemhavethesameofgoal:
togrowgoodfoodandavoid
theenvironmentorpeople’shealth.
Ⅲ.教材与微写作
写作素材
(关于发展)
1.在这个地区饥饿曾是个令人困扰的问题,导致了很多人死亡。
2.在过去的十年里,多亏了政府的帮助,农民们成功地抵制了土地的沙漠扩大化。
3.具备了新的农耕技术,谷物和其他粮食的产量都增加了。
4.人们满足于他们目前的生活。
提示:
黑体部分用本单元词汇表达,并且请使用定语从句,过去分词短语作状语等。
连句成篇
(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
Hunger,whichusedtobeadisturbingprobleminthisarea,ledtoalotofdeaths.Inthepastdecade,thankstothegovernment’shelp,farmershavesucceededinthestruggleagainsttheexpandingdesert.Equippedwithnewfarmingmethods,theoutputofgrainandothercropshasincreased.Peoplearesatisfiedwiththeirpresentlife.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
OctobersixteenthisWorldFoodDay.ThisdayisalsotheanniversaryoftheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization(F.A.O.).TheUNagencyleadsinternationaleffortstodefeatworldhunger.Itwascreatedin1945.
TheF.A.O.saysmorethanonehundredfiftycountriesaretoholdspecialeventstocelebrateWorldFoodDay.AtF.A.O.headquartersinRome,forexample,runnerswillcompeteinafivekilometerracethroughthecity’shistoricalarea.Eventsinothercountriesincludediscussionsamongexperts,pressconferencesandmusicalprograms.
Themessageofthisyear’sWorldFoodDayis“investinginagricultureforfoodsecurity”.TheF.A.O.says,“Duringtheearly1990s,theforeignaidforagriculturewasninethousandmillio