资格考试最新整理职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题 2.docx

资格考试最新整理职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题 2.docx

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资格考试最新整理职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题2

——参考范本——

【资格考试】2019最新整理-职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题2

______年______月______日

____________________部门

A.Onethirdoftheworld’spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia.

C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

Ø第二篇PleaseFastenYourSeatbelts

Severeturbulence（湍流）cankillaircraftpassengers.Now,intestflightsovertheRockyMountains,NASA（美国航空航天局）engineershavesuccessfullydetectedclear-airturbulenceupto10secondsbeforeanaircrafthitsit.

Clear-airturbulenceoftencatchespilotsbysurprise.Invisibletoradar,itisdifficulttoforecastandcanhurl（用力抛出去）passengersaboutthecabin.InDecember19xx,onepassengerdiedandahundredotherswereinjuredwhenunexpectedroughaircausedaUnitedAirlinesflightoverthePacifictodrop300metresinafewseconds.

However,passengerscanavoidseriousinjurybyfasteningtheirseatbelts."Itistheonlyantidote（对策）forthissortofthings,"saysRodBogue,projectmanageratNASA’sDrydenFlightResearchCenterinEdwards,California.

Thecentre’snewturbulencedetectorisbasedonlidar,orlaserradar,Laserpulsesaresentaheadoftheplaneandthesearethenreflectedbackbyparticlesintheair.ThetechniquedependsontheDopplereffect.Thewavelengthofthelightshiftsaccordingtothespeedatwhichtheparticlesareapproaching.Incalmair,thespeedequalstheplane’sairspeed.Butastheparticlesswirl（打漩）inroughair,theirspeedofapproachincreasesordecreasesrapidly.Therateofchangeinspeedcorrespondstotheseverity（激烈程度）oftheturbulence.

Inaseriesofteststhatbeganlastmonth,aresearchjetflewrepeatedlyintodisturbedairoverthemountainridges（山脉）nearPueblo,Colorado.Thelidardetectorspottedturbulencebetween3and8kilometresahead,anditsforecastsofstrengthanddurationcorrespondedcloselywiththeturbulencethattheplaneencountered.

Boguesaysthathehad"acomfortableamountoftime"tofastenhisseatbelt.Theresearchersareplanningtoimprovethelidar’srangewithamorepowerfulbeam.Thesystemcouldbeinstalledoncommercialaircraftinthenextfewyears.

36.Whatdoes"clear-airturbulence"probablymean?

（Paragraph1）

AAnotveryroughstorm.

BUnexpecteddisturbedair.

CAkindofvisiblestorm.

DAstormovermountainridges.

37.InDecember19xx,aUnitedAirlinesflighthitunexpectedroughair,

Acausingalotofdamagetotheplane.

Bthrowingitspassengersoutofthecabin.

Cresultinginheavycasualties.

Dforcingthepilottomakeanemergencylanding.

38.Theturbulencedetectorcantelltheseverityoftheturbulencebymeasuring

Athespeedoftheplane.

Bthespeedofthelight.

Cthenumberofparticlesintheair.

Dthechangesoftheparticles’speed.

39.Wecaninferfromthefifthparagraphthat

Athelidardetectorcansuccessfullyforecastturbulence.

Bresearchersarenotsureabouttheeffectivenessofthelidardetector.

Cpassengerplaneswillbeusedinfurtherexperiments.

Dnomoretestflightsareneeded.

40.Thelastparagraphtellsus,amongotherthings,that

Athelidardetectorneedsimprovement.

Bmanyairlinesareinterestedinthesystem.

Cpassengersoftenforgettofastentheirseatbelts.

Dthelidardetectorcanbeusedinawiderangeofareas.

Ø第三篇"Salty"RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbeabletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandonedfarmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity’sSchoolofBiologicalSciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasrice,couldbemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhichgenesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthiscapabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan100hectares（公顷）ofagriculturallandarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts（妨碍生长）plants.Theproblemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves（红树林）thatcreateswamps（沼泽）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeencutdown.IntheMediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewatertabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep（渗透）in.inLatinAmerica,irrigationoftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated（蒸发）bytheheat,leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.Heavyconcentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewatertheyneedtosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplantsthattakeinverylittlesaltandstorewhattheydo