人教版七年级下英语知识点总结.docx
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人教版七年级下英语知识点总结
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
1, 情态动词+V原 can do= be able to do
can的用法歌诀
can可用来表能力,但与实动不分离。
不管主语何变换,can的模样永不变。
只要句中出现can,动词原形后面站。
一般疑问can提前,否定can后not添。
2, Play+ the+ 乐器 play the violin/piano/drums (乐器前加the)
Play +球类,棋类 play football play chess (球类和棋类前省略the) 3, join 参加社团、组织、团体 take part in :
参加运动、活动 join sb. 加入某人 4, 4个说的区别:
say+内容 :
say it in English 用英语说它 speak+语言:
speak English 说英语
talk 谈论 talk about sth. 谈论某事 talk with/to sb 和某人交谈 tell 告诉,讲述 tell sb. (not)to do sth 告诉某人(不)去做某事 (tell a story) tell stories/ jokes 讲故事/笑话 5, want的用法:
想要(动词)
(1) want to do sth.= would like to do sth 想要做某事
(2) want (sb)to do sth.= would like +(sb)to do sth 想要做某事 6, 4个也的区别:
too 肯定句末 (前面加逗号) either否定句末(前面加逗号)
also 句中,放在实意动词前,be 动词和情态动词之后 as well 口语中(前面不加逗号)
7, be good at =do well in+ V-ing/N. 擅长于(做)…… be good at playing soccer 用法拓展:
be good for 对„有益 (be bad for对„有害)
be good to 对„友好 (good 可用friendly,nice,kind替换) be good with和„相处好=get on/ along well with 8, 特殊疑问句的构成:
疑问词+一般疑问句
9, How/ what about+V-ing „怎么样?
(表建议)What about playing basketball ?
10,感官动词(look, sound, taste, smell, feel)+adj/ like
11.选择疑问句:
回答不能直接用Yes或者No,要从中选择一个回答
Can you play the piano,,the drums,or the guitar?
Ican play the drums. 你会弹奏钢琴,敲鼓,或者弹吉他吗?
我会打鼓
12,students wanted for school show学校演出招募学生(wanted表示招募,含有被动意义)
13,show sth to sb=show sb sth 给某人看某物 show me your book=show your book to me
on show,意为“在展出
2
give sth to sb=give sb sth 给某人某物 give me a pen =give a pen to me 14,help sb (to)do sth 帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth 帮助某人某事
with sb’s help= with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下 help oneself to 随便享用
15,be busy doing sth= be busy with sth 忙于做某事,
be busy doing his homework= be busy with his homework忙于他的家庭作业 16,sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 need sb. to do sth 需要某人做某事 17,be free= have time 有空的 be busy 忙碌的
18,make friends 交朋友 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友 19,call sb at +电话号码 给某人打---电话 20,on the weekend= on weekends 在周末
21,English-speaking students 说英语的学生(带有连词符,有形容词性质) 22,do kung fu表演功夫
23,in, on和at在表达时间方面的区别 ①in+年、月、季节;泛指在上午,下午,晚上,如:
in the morning(afternoon, evening). in spring 在春季 in September 在九月
②on指在某一天或某一天的上午,下午,晚上,具体到某一天、节日 如:
on Monday, on Sunday afternoon, on July 1, 1999 on New Year’s Day ③at,一般表示点时间,如at six o’clock, at three thirty.、 习惯用法:
at night, at noon,
注意:
在英语中,如果时间名词前用this, last, next 等修饰时,像这样的表示,“在某时”的时间短语前,并不需要任何介词。
例如:
last month, 在上个月 this year在今年, next year在明年, 24, like to do sth. =love to do sth. 喜欢/喜爱做某事(偶尔、具体)
like doing sth. =love doing sth. 喜欢/喜爱做某事(经常、习惯) 25, music—musician
26,teach---teacher teach sb. Sth. Teach me English Teach sb to do sth. 教某人做什么
Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
1, 问时间what time或者when
what time询问具体时间(几点几分) when:
时间、日期、年份、月份等提问 2, get up 起床
3, eat breakfast=have breakfast 早餐(三餐前省略冠词) have……for +breakfast/lunch/supper 三餐吃….. 4, take a shower=have a shower 沐浴 5, job与 work
job与 work 都是指工作,但job是可数名词,work是不可数名词. a job 一份工作 work 可以做动词讲,但是job不可以 He works in a school . go to work 去上班
6, at a radio station 在广播电台
7, from……to …… 从……到…..(连接两个时间或地点) 8, be/ arrive late for :
迟到 be late for school
9, exercise 锻炼,练习(动、不可数名词) do/take exercise 做锻炼(运动) 10, 频度副词(实意动词前;be动词后)
Always usually often sometimes seldom hardly never 11, on the weekend= on weekends 在周末 12, give a report to sb. 给某人做个报告 13, on school days 在上学日
14, do (one’s) homework 做家庭作业
15, run跑 :
runner running 16, take a walk=have a walk=take walks 散步 17, go to bed early早睡 get up early 早起 18, your best friend 你的最好的朋友
19, after/before+V-ing after eating dinner 20, 有时间去做某事:
have time to do sth.
have much time for dinner=have much time to have dinner 有很多时间吃
早饭
21, 一段时间前面要用介词for for half an hour for five minutes 22, either„or主要用于表示选择,其意为“要么„„要么„„”“或者„„或者„„”,用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语,
连接两个成分作主语时,谓语动词通常与其靠近的主语保持一致。
如:
Either you or I am to go. 你或我必须有人去。
23, a lot of=lots of 大量的,许多(接可数名词复数或者是不可数名词) a lot 十分,很=very much Thanks a lot!
24, Life 生活 lives (复数)
health健康 healthy健康的 healthily健康地 unhealthy 不健康的 keep health 保持健康 healthy food 健康食品 have a healthy life =live a healthy life 过着健康的生活
25, some time,sometime,some times和 sometimes是常用的几个词,它们形似而含义不同.请记住下面口诀:
分开是“一段”( some time),相连为“某时” ( sometime).
分开s是“倍、次” ( some times),相连s是“有时” ( sometimes). 26, 时间读法:
顺读法:
钟点数+分钟数。
4:
25→four twenty-five,
逆读法:
分钟≤30用past five past eight(8:
05) half past eight(8:
30) 分钟>30用to a quarter to ten(9:
45) 整点用 „o’clock 7 o’clock(7:
00) 注意:
习惯上把十五分钟(fifteen)称作一刻a quarter
三十分钟(thirty)称为half/half,
因此10:
30,可以用两种表达方式,half past ten,ten thirty。
27,3个穿的区别:
wear 表状态,接服装、手套、眼镜、香水等 put on 表动作,接服装
dress 表动作,接sb/ oneself get dressed穿衣 28.感叹句:
what 意为多么的,何等的,用于感叹句中,修饰后面的单数或复数名词,其句式结构为:
(1)What a/an +形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!
what a good girl she is!
她是多么好的女孩啊!
(2)What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!
What good girls they are!
她们是多么好的女子啊!
(3)What +形容词+不可为名词+主语+谓语!
What terrible weather it is!
多么恶劣的天气啊!
how也可以引导感叹句,how 为副词,在感叹句中修饰动词,形容词或副词:
(1)How+形容词/副词+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How cold it is!
多冷啊!
How hard he works!
他工作多么努力啊!
(2)How+陈述句(主语+谓语)
How he loves his son!
他多么爱他的儿子啊!
(3)How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句(主语+谓语) How tall a tree it is!
多么高的一棵树
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
1, 常用特殊疑问词用法总结 How :
如何,怎样(方式)
how long :
多长(时间) 答语常用For+时间段” how far:
多远(距离)答语常用“(It’s +)数词 +miles/ meters/ kilometers” 或者it is ten minutes’walk.
how often:
多久一次(频率)答语常用“Always/ often/ every day/„”或
“次数+时间”等表频率的状语
How soon:
多快,多久以后,常用在将来时中。
答语常用“in +时间段” how many:
多少(接可数名词) how much:
(接不可数名词) why:
为什么(原因) what:
什么 when:
何时
who:
谁 whom:
谁(宾格) (针对宾语提问也可用who) whose:
谁的 2, 交通方式的不同表达方式
●用介词。
在句子中做方式状语。
①by +交通工具名词(中间无需任何修饰)
By bus/ bike/ car/ taxi/ ship/ boat/ plane/ subway/ train„„ ②in/ on +冠词/物主代词/指示代词 +交通工具名词 In a/ his/ the car/taxi
On a/ his/ the bus/ bike/ship/ train/ horse/ motorbike ③on foot 步行=walk to =go to +地点+on foot ●用动词。
在句子中做谓语。
①take + a/ the +交通工具名词 take a bus/ plane/ ship/ train ②动词+to+地点
Walk/ride/drive/fly to +地点名词=go to +地点+介词短语 Walk to school=go to school on foot ③ride a bike/horse 骑车、马
④walk/ drive/ ride/ fly to„„(后面接here,there,home等地点副词时,省略介词to。
)如步行回家:
walk home
3, Stop to do 停下来去做其他事 Stop doing 停止正在做的事 4, 询问交通方式的句型:
How does/do +sb. +go/get to +地点?
How do you go to school ?
你怎样去学校?
5, I ride it to school every day .我每天骑车去学校
Every day 每天 everyday:
每天的 everyday English 每日英语 6, How far is it from your home to school ?
从你家去学校有多远?
How far is it from A to B?
从A到B有多远?
7, ----How long does it take you to go to school ?
It takes me 10 minutes to go to
school.
----- How long does it take sb. to do sth. ?
It takes sb. +时间+to do sth.. 8, Have a good day=have a good time=have fun=enjoy oneself 玩的开心,过得愉
快
9, need about ten minutes to get to school 大约需要半个小时的时间到达学校 10, What do you think of„?
= How do you like„?
你认为„怎么样?
What do you think of the trip?
= How do you like the trip?
你认为旅游怎么样?
11, Cross:
(动词)穿过,穿越 across:
(介词)穿过,穿越 Cross the river=go across the river
12, There is a very big river between the their school and the village.
(1) between…and …在….和…之间
(2)there be 句型的就近原则 13, He is 11 years old.他十一岁
He is an 11-year-old boy. 他是一个十一岁的男孩。
11-year-old:
合成形容词,只能做定语,修饰名词 14, many students= many of the students → many of +名词的复数
15, afraid :
害怕的,担心的 be afraid of sth:
害怕某物
be afraid to do sth:
害怕去做某事 be afraid of doing sth:
害怕做某事 16, play with sb (my classmates) 和某人玩耍(我的同学) 17, come true :
实现
18, he is like a father to me 对我来说,他就像一个父亲一样 be like像 look like :
看起开像
19,
leave离开 leave+地点:
离开某地 leave for+地点:
出发/动身前往某地
20. It is their dream to have a bridge. It is +名词+to do sth.
It is not easy to cross the river on a ropeway. It is +形容词+to do sth. 21, dream:
梦,梦想 have a dream 有一个梦想 dream of sth.:
梦想…..,梦见…..
22,thanks for +n/ V-ing
Thanks for your help/ thanks for helping me.
23,4个花费:
人+spend/ spends+时间/钱+(in)doing sth/ on sth 人+pay/ pays +钱+for sth It takes sb +时间+to do sth 物+cost/ costs +sb +钱 24,名词所有格
一般情况加’s Tom’s pen
以s结尾加’ the teachers’ office ten days’ holiday
表示几个人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加’s Mike and John’s desk 表示每个人各自拥有,在每个名词后加’s Mike’s and John’s desks
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
1,祈使句(变否定在句首+don’t)
Be型(be +表语),否定形式:
don’t + be +表语 Be quiet,please. Don’t be late!
Do型(实义动词+其他),否定形式:
don’t +实义动词+其他 Come here,please. Don’t play football here. Let型(let sb do sth),否定形式:
let sb not do sth
No+n/ V-ing No photos /mobile;No parking/ smoking/ spitting/ talking/ picking 2,in class在课堂上 in the classroom 在教室 3,be on time准时 be in time 及时
4,listen to music 听音乐 hear:
听到(表示结果) 5,fight with sb. 与某人打架 Fight for sth.为。
。
。
。
。
而战斗 6、rules:
规则(名词);统治,管理(动词) school rules family rules follow the rules 7、get,reach与arrive区别
三者均可表示“到达”的意思,区别如下:
(1)、arrive 和 get都是不及物动词,两者之后均不可接宾语,但可接 here, there, home之类的表地点的副词作状语.如:
We got 〔arrived〕 here last night.我们昨晚到达这儿.
(2)要表示“到达某地”,其后需适当借助介词:
1.arrive 后接介词 at (一般用于较小的地方)或 in (一般用于较大的地方). arrive at the station arrive in Paris 2.get 之后通常接介词 to.如:
get to the park
(3)、reach是及物动词,后直接跟地点名词作宾语(不能用介词).如:
reach Beijing 注:
reach 之后也可接 here, there, home 等词.如:
reach home 8, eat outside 出去吃饭 9, Must 与have to 的区别
(1)must 表示说话人主观上的看法,意为“必须”。
have to 表示客观的需要或责任,意为“不得不,必须”,后接动词原词。
(2)must没有人称,时态和数的变化Have to 有人称,数,时态的变化,其第三称单数形式为 has to ,过去式为had to. 构成否定句或疑问句时借助动词do/ does。
(3)have to的否定式:
don’t / doesn’t have to (不必要)
must的否定式是must not/ mustn’t(一定不能,不允许)。
10、 some of„ 一些 some of the rules一些规则 11,bring„to„ 把…..带来 take…to… 把…..带走 12,practice (doing)sth. 练习(做)某事 13,on school days/ nights 在上学日/在上学的晚上
14,break the rules:
违反规则 follow(obey)the rules:
遵守规则 15,be st