中国菜名官方翻译原则.docx
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中国菜名官方翻译原则
中国菜名官方翻译原则:
终于知道怎么给老外介绍中国菜了
夫妻肺片Couple’sSlicedBeefinChiliSauce、麻婆豆腐MapoTofu、北京炸酱面NoodleswithSoyBeanPaste,BeijingStyle…中国菜名不仅包含了原材料,还糅合了文化、历史等元素。
掌握菜单翻译原则,看完终于知道怎么给老外介绍中国菜了!
中国菜的分类ClassificationsofChineseCuisine
一、八大菜系EightFamousCuisines
鲁菜LuCuisine(ShandongCuisine)
川菜ChuanCuisine(SichuanCuisine)
粤菜YueCuisine(GuangdongCuisine)
闽菜MinCuisine(FujianCuisine)
苏菜SuCuisine(JiangsuCuisine)
浙菜ZheCuisine(ZhejiangCuisine)
湘菜XiangCuisine(HunanCuisine)
徽菜HuiCuisine(AnhuiCuisine)
二、菜品分类TypesofCourses
凉菜类ColdDishes
热菜类HotDishes
汤羹粥煲类Soups,CongeesandCasseroles
主食和小吃MainFoodandSnacks
西餐WesternCuisine
开胃菜(头盘及沙拉类)AppetizersandSalads
汤类Soups
副菜Entrées
主菜MainCourses
配菜SideDishes
甜点Desserts
饮品Drinks
一、酒精类饮品AlcoholicBeverages
国酒ChineseWines
洋酒ImportedWines
白兰地与威士忌BrandyandWhisky
金酒与朗姆酒GinandRum
伏特加与龙舌兰VodkaandTequila
利口酒和开胃酒LiqueursandAperitifs
红酒RedWine
二、不含酒精类饮品Non-AlcoholicBeverages
三、中国饮品文化ChineseDrinkingCulture
中国茶文化ChineseTeaCulture
中国酒文化ChineseWineCulture
中国菜名的翻译原则
以主料为主,配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的主料和配料
主料(名称/形状)+with+配料
如:
松仁香菇ChineseMushroomswithPineNuts
2.菜肴的主料和配汁
主料with/in+汤汁(Sauce)
如:
冰梅凉瓜BitterMeloninPlumSauce
以烹制方法为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的做法和主料
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)
如:
拌双耳TossedBlackandWhiteFungus
2.菜肴的做法、主料和配料
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+配料
如:
豌豆辣牛肉SautéedSpicyBeefandGreenPeas
3.菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁
做法(动词过去分词)+主料(名称/形状)+with/in+汤汁
如:
川北凉粉TossedClearNoodleswithChiliSauce
以形状、口感为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴形状或口感以及主配料
形状/口感+主料
如:
玉兔馒头Rabbit-ShapedMantou
脆皮鸡CrispyChicken
2.菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料
做法(动词过去分词)+形状/口感+主料+配料
如:
小炒黑山羊SautéedSlicedLambwithPepperandParsley
以人名、地名为主,原料为辅的翻译原则
1.菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料
人名(地名)+主料
如:
麻婆豆腐MapoTofu(SautéedTofuinHotandSpicySauce)
广东点心CantoneseDimSum
2.介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法
做法(动词过去式)+主辅料+人名/地名+Style
如:
四川辣子鸡SpicyChicken,SichuanStyle
北京炸酱面NoodleswithSoyBeanPaste,BeijingStyle
体现中国餐饮文化,使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则
1.具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品,本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则,使用汉语拼音。
如:
饺子Jiaozi
包子Baozi
馒头Mantou
花卷Huajuan
烧麦Shaomai
2.具有中国特色且已被国外主要英文字典收录的,使用汉语方言拼写或音译拼写的菜名,仍保留其原拼写方式。
如:
豆腐Tofu
宫保鸡丁KungPaoChicken
馄饨Wonton
3.中文菜肴名称无法体现其做法及主配料的,使用汉语拼音,并在后标注英文注释。
如:
佛跳墙Fotiaoqiang(SteamedAbalonewithShark'sFinandFishMawinBroth)
锅贴Guotie(Pan-FriedDumplings)
窝头Wotou(SteamedCorn/BlackRiceBun)
蒸饺SteamedJiaozi(SteamedDumplings)
油条Youtiao(Deep-FriedDoughSticks)
汤圆Tangyuan(GlutinousRiceBalls)
粽子Zongzi(GlutinousRiceWrappedinBambooLeaves)
元宵Yuanxiao(GlutinousRiceBallsforLanternFestival)
驴打滚儿Lǘdagunr(GlutinousRiceRollsStuffedwithRedBeanPaste)
豆汁儿Douzhir(FermentedBeanDrink)
艾窝窝Aiwowo(SteamedRiceCakeswithSweetStuffing)
可数名词单复数使用原则
菜单中的可数名词基本使用复数,但在整道菜中只有一件或太细碎无法数清的用单数。
如:
蔬菜面NoodleswithVegetables
葱爆羊肉SautéedLambSliceswithScallion
介词in和with在汤汁、配料中的用法
1.如主料是浸在汤汁或配料中时,使用in连接。
如:
豉汁牛仔骨SteamedBeefRibsinBlackBeanSauce
2.如汤汁或蘸料和主料是分开的,或是后浇在主菜上的,则用with连接。
如:
泡椒鸭丝ShreddedDuckwithPickledPeppers
酒类的译法原则
进口酒类的英文名称仍使用其原文,国产酒类以其注册的英文为准,如果酒类本身没有英文名称的,则使用其中文名称的汉语拼音。
冷菜类ColdDishes
白菜心拌蜇头:
MarinatedJellyfishandChineseCabbageinVinaigrette
白灵菇扣鸭掌:
MushroomswithDuckFeet
拌豆腐丝:
ShreddedTofuwithSauce
白切鸡:
BoiledChickenwithSauce
拌双耳:
TossedBlackandWhiteFungus
冰梅凉瓜:
BitterMeloninPlumSauce
冰镇芥兰:
ChineseBroccoliwithWasabi
朝鲜辣白菜:
KoreanCabbageinChiliSauce
朝鲜泡菜:
Kimchi
陈皮兔肉:
RabbitMeatwithTangerineFlavor
川北凉粉:
ClearNoodlesinChiliSauce
刺身凉瓜:
BitterMelonwithWasabi
豆豉多春鱼:
ShisamoinBlackBeanSauce
夫妻肺片:
PorkLungsinChiliSauce
干拌牛舌:
OxTongueinChiliSauce
干拌顺风:
PigEarinChiliSauce
怪味牛腱:
SpicedBeefShank
红心鸭卷:
SlicedDuckRollswithEggYolk
姜汁皮蛋:
PreservedEggsinGingerSauce
酱香猪蹄:
PigFeetSeasonedwithSoySauce
酱肘花:
SlicedPorkinSoySauce
金豆芥兰:
ChineseBroccoliwithSoyBeans
韭黄螺片:
SlicedSeaWhelkswithHotbedChives
老北京豆酱:
TraditionalBeijingBeanPaste
老醋泡花生:
PeanutsPickledinAgedVinegar
凉拌金针菇:
GoldenMushroomsandMixedVegetables
凉拌西芹云耳:
CelerywithWhiteFungus
卤水大肠:
MarinatedPorkIntestines
卤水豆腐:
MarinatedTofu
卤水鹅头:
MarinatedGooseHeads
卤水鹅翼:
MarinatedGooseWings
卤水鹅掌:
MarinatedGooseFeet
卤水鹅胗:
MarinatedGooseGizzard
卤水鸡蛋:
MarinatedEggs
卤水金钱肚:
MarinatedPorkTripe
卤水牛腱:
MarinatedBeefShank
卤水牛舌:
MarinatedOxTongue
卤水拼盘:
MarinatedMeatCombination
卤水鸭肉:
MarinatedDuckMeat
萝卜干毛豆:
DriedRadishwithGreenSoybean
麻辣肚丝:
ShreddedPigTripeinChiliSauce
美味牛筋:
BeefTendon
蜜汁叉烧:
Honey-StewedBBQPork
明炉烧鸭:
RoastDuck
泡菜什锦:
AssortedPickles
泡椒凤爪:
ChickenFeetwithPickledPeppers
皮蛋豆腐:
TofuwithPreservedEggs
乳猪拼盘:
RoastSucklingPig
珊瑚笋尖:
SweetandSourBambooShoots
爽口西芹:
CrispyCelery
四宝烤麸:
MarinatedBranDoughwithPeanutsandBlackFungus
松仁香菇:
BlackMushroomswithPineNuts
蒜茸海带丝:
SlicedKelpinGarlicSauce
跳水木耳:
BlackFunguswithPickledCapsicum
拌海螺:
WhelksandCucumber
五彩酱鹅肝:
GooseLiverwithWhiteGourd
五香牛肉:
SpicyRoastBeef
五香熏干:
SpicySmokedDriedTofu
五香熏鱼:
SpicySmokedFish
五香云豆:
SpicyKidneyBeans
腌三文鱼:
MarinatedSalmon
盐焗鸡:
BakedChickeninSalt
盐水虾肉:
PoachedSaltedShrimpsWithoutShell
糟香鹅掌:
BraisedGooseFeetinRiceWineSauce
酿黄瓜条:
PickledCucumberStrips
米醋海蜇:
JellyfishinVinegar
卤猪舌:
MarinatedPigTongue
三色中卷:
SquidRollsStuffedwithBean,HamandEggYolk
蛋衣河鳗:
EggRollsStuffedwithEel
盐水鹅肉:
GooseSlicesinSaltedSpicySauce
冰心苦瓜:
BitterMelonSalad
五味九孔:
FreshAbaloneinSpicySauce
明虾荔枝沙拉:
ShrimpsandLitchiSalad
五味牛腱:
SpicyBeefShank
拌八爪鱼:
SpicyCuttlefish
鸡脚冻:
ChickenFeetGalantine
香葱酥鱼:
CrispyCrucianCarpinScallionOil
蒜汁鹅胗:
GooseGizzardinGarlicSauce
黄花素鸡:
VegetarianChickenwithDayLily
姜汁鲜鱿:
FreshSquidinGingerSauce
桂花糯米藕:
SteamedLotusRootStuffedwithSweetStickyRice
卤鸭冷切:
SpicyMarinatedDuck
松田青豆:
SongtianGreenBeans
色拉九孔:
AbaloneSalad
凉拌花螺:
ColdSeaWhelkswithDressing
素鸭:
VegetarianDuck
酱鸭:
DuckSeasonedwithSoySauce
麻辣牛筋:
SpicyBeefTendon
醉鸡:
Liquor-SoakedChicken
可乐芸豆:
FrenchBeansinCoca-Cola
桂花山药:
ChineseYamwithOsmanthusSauce
豆豉鲫鱼:
CrucianCarpwithBlackBeanSauce
水晶鱼冻:
FishAspic
酱板鸭:
SpicySaltedDuck
烧椒皮蛋:
PreservedEggswithChili
酸辣瓜条:
CucumberwithHotandSourSauce
五香大排:
SpicyPorkRibs
三丝木耳:
BlackFunguswithCucumberandVermicelle
酸辣蕨根粉:
HotandSourFernRootNoodles
小黄瓜蘸酱:
SmallCucumberwithSoybeanPaste
拌苦菜:
MixedBitterVegetables
蕨根粉拌蛰头:
FernRootNoodleswithJellyfish
老醋黑木耳:
BlackFungusinVinegar
清香苦菊:
ChrysanthemumwithSauce
琥珀核桃:
HoneyedWalnuts
杭州凤鹅:
PickledGoose,HangzhouStyle
香吃茶树菇:
SpicyTeaTreeMushrooms
琥珀花生:
HoneyedPeanuts
葱油鹅肝:
GooseLiverwithScallionandChiliOil
拌爽口海苔:
SeaMosswithSauce
巧拌海茸:
MixedSeaweed
蛋黄凉瓜:
BitterMelonwithEggYolk
龙眼风味肠:
SausageStuffedwithSaltyEgg
水晶萝卜:
SlicedTurnipwithSauce
腊八蒜茼蒿:
CrownDaisywithSweetGarlic
香辣手撕茄子:
EggplantwithChiliOil
酥鲫鱼:
CrispyCrucianCarp
水晶鸭舌:
DuckTongueAspic
卤水鸭舌:
MarinatedDuckTongue
香椿鸭胗:
DuckGizzardwithChineseToon
卤水鸭膀:
MarinatedDuckWings
香糟鸭卷:
DuckRollsMarinatedinRiceWine
盐水鸭肝:
DuckLiverinSaltedSpicySauce
水晶鹅肝:
GooseLiverAspic
豉油乳鸽皇:
BraisedPigeonwithBlackBeanSauce
酥海带:
CrispySeaweed
脆虾白菜心:
ChineseCabbagewithFriedShrimps
香椿豆腐:
TofuwithChineseToon
拌香椿苗:
ChineseToonwithSauce
糖醋白菜墩:
SweetandSourChineseCabbage
姜汁蛰皮:
JellyfishinGingerSauce
韭菜鲜桃仁:
FreshWalnutswithLeek
花生太湖银鱼:
TaihuSilverFishwithPeanuts
生腌百合南瓜:
MarinatedLilyBulbsandPumpkin
酱鸭翅:
DuckWingsSeasonedwithSoySauce
萝卜苗:
TurnipSprouts
八宝菠菜:
SpinachwithEightDelicacies
竹笋青豆:
BambooShootsandGreenBeans
凉拌苦瓜:
BitterMeloninSauce
芥末木耳:
BlackFunguswithMustardSauce
炸花生米:
FriedPeanuts
小鱼花生:
FriedSilverFishwithPeanuts
德州扒鸡:
BraisedChicken,DezhouStyle
清蒸火腿鸡片:
SteamedSlicedChickenwithHam
熏马哈鱼:
SmokedSalmon
家常皮冻:
PorkSkinAspic
大拉皮:
TossedMungClearNoodlesinSauce
蒜泥白肉:
PorkwithGarlicSauce
鱼露白肉:
BoiledPorkinAnchovySauce
酱猪肘:
PorkHockSeasonedwithSoySauce
酱牛肉:
BeefSeasonedwithSoySauce
红油牛筋:
BeefTendoninChiliSauce
卤牛腩:
MarinatedBeefBrisketinSpicedSauce
泡椒鸭丝:
ShreddedDuckwithPickledPeppers
拌茄泥:
MashedEggplantwithGarlic
糖拌西红柿:
TomatoSliceswithSugar
糖蒜:
SweetGarlic
腌雪里蕻:
PickledPotherbMustard
凉拌黄瓜:
CucumberinSauce
燕窝类Bird'sNestSoup
冰花炖官燕:
BraisedBird'sNestwithRockCandy
冰糖银耳燕窝:
BraisedBird'sNestwithWhiteFungusandRockCandy
高汤炖官燕:
StewedBird'sNest
红胶官燕:
BraisedBird'sNestandSeaweed
红烧鹿茸血燕:
BraisedBird'sNestwithDeerAntler
红烧蟹黄官燕:
BraisedBird'sNestwithCrabRoe
红烧血燕:
BraisedRedBird'sNest
木瓜炖官燕:
BraisedBird'sNestwithPapaya
腿汁红烧官燕:
BraisedBird'sNestinHamSauce
杏汁炖官燕:
Double-BoiledSuperiorBird'sNestwithAlmondJuice
冰花炖血燕:
StewedRedBird'sNestwithRockCandy
香橙炖官燕:
BraisedBird'sNestinOrangeSauce
雪梨官燕:
BraisedBird'sNestwithSnowPear
椰汁冰花炖官燕:
StewedSuperiorBird'sNestwithWhiteFungusandCoconutMilk
鱼籽蟹肉烩燕窝:
BraisedBird'sNestwithCrabMeatandFishRoe
福寿炖燕窝:
BraisedBird'sNest
一品燕窝:
BestQualityBird'sNestSoup
王府清汤官燕:
Bird'sNestSoup
冰花芙蓉官燕:
StewedBird'sNestwithEggWhite
煲类Casserole
白果煲老鸭:
DuckSoupwithGingkoenCasserole
鲍鱼海珍煲:
BraisedAbaloneandSeafoodenCasserole
鲫鱼黄花煲:
CrucianCarpandDayLilyenCasserole
锅仔潮菜银鳕鱼:
StewedCodfishwithSalted