山西太原高考英语二轮阅读理解训练2.docx

山西太原高考英语二轮阅读理解训练2.docx

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山西太原高考英语二轮阅读理解训练2

山西太原市2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练

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请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Fordecades,publichealthofficialshavepuzzledoverasurprisingfactaboutHIV:

Onlyabout10-20percentofinfantswhoarebreastfedbyinfectedmotherscatchthevirus.Testsshow,though,thatHIVisindeedpresentinbreastmilk,sothesechildrenareexposedtothevirusmultipletimesdailyforthefirstseveralmonthsoftheirlives.

Now,agroupofscientistsanddoctorsfromDukeUniversityhasfiguredout whythesebabiesdon’tgetinfected.Humanbreastmilknaturallycontainsaproteincalled TenascinC thatneutralizesHIVand,inmostcases,preventsitfrombeingpassedfrommothertochild.Eventually,theysay,theproteincouldpotentiallybevaluableasanHIV-fightingtoolforbothinfantsandadultsthatareeitherHIV-positiveoratriskofcontractingtheinfection.

Theresearch,publishedin ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,wasinspiredby previouswork byotherresearchersshowingthat,bothintissuecultures（组织培养）andlivemice,breastmilkfrom HIV-negativemotherswasnaturally endowedwith HIV-fightingproperties.Scientistssuggestedthatafewdifferentproteinsinthemilkcouldpotentiallyberesponsible,butnooneknewwhichone.

Aspartofthestudy,theresearchersdividedbreastmilkintosmallerfractions（部分）madeupofspecificproteinsviaanumberoffilters（过滤）—separatingtheproteinsbysize,electricalchargeandother characteristics—andtestedwhichofthesefractions,whenaddedtoatissueculture,preventedthecellsfrombeinginfectedbyHIV.Eventually,they foundthatoneparticularproteinwaspresentinalltheHIV-resistantfractionsbutinnoneoftheothers:

TenascinC.

TenascinCworksbyblockingakeyproteinon HIV’senvelope thatnormallytiesuptoareceptoronaTcell’smembranecalledCCR5.Indoingso,TenascinCpreventsHIVfrommixingwiththeTcellandinjectingitsRNAinside.

Still,theresearcherssaythatothernaturalelementsinmilkmightplayaroleinfightingHIVaswell.“It’sclearlynotthewholestory,becausewedohavesamplesthathavelowamountsofthisproteinbutstillhaveHIV-neutralizingactivity,”thestudy’sleadauthorPermarsays. “Soitmaybeacting inconcertwith otherantiviralandantimicrobialfactorsinthemilk.”

Whateverthoseotherfactorsare,though,thefindingvindicates（证明……的正确）recentchangesto UNguidelines that recommendevenHIV-positivemothersinresource-poorcountriesshouldbreastfeed,ifthey’retakinganti-retroviraldrugstocombattheirowninfection.

Thenextsteps,Permarsays,aredeterminingwhichareaofTenascinCisactiveandwhetheritcaneffectivelypreventtransmissioninaliveanimal.Ifitworks,itcouldpotentiallybe incorporated （合并）intoanHIVdrugwithbroaderapplications.It’seven possible thatitcouldsomedaybeadaptedtoreducetheriskofHIVtransmissioninadultsaswellasinfants.

63.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?

A.Thebreastmilkfromaninfectedmotherdoesn’tcontainHIVatall.

B.It’slesslikelyforinfantsfeedingoninfectedmothers’breastmilktocatchHIV.

C.ThepossibilitiesofinfantscatchingHIVhavenothingtodowithinfectedmothers.

D.Childrenbreastfedbyinfectedmotherswon’tcatchHIVthoughexposedtoitfrequently.

64.Whydidtheresearchersdividebreastmilkintosmallerfractions?

A.TofindoutTenascinC.                         B.Tomakeupspecificproteins.

C.Toaddthemtoatissueculture.               D.Totestwhatpreventscellsbeinginfected.

65.WhichofthefollowingaboutTenascinCistrue?

A.IthasbecomeaneffectivetoolinfightingHIV.

B.ItwasfirstfoundbyPermarandherresearchgroup.

C.Itcanpreventtransmissioninaliveanimaleffectively.

D.Itcansometimespreventmother-to-childtransmissionofHIV.

66.WhatcanweknowaboutPermarandherresearchgroupaccordingtothepassage?

A.TheyhavefoundacureforHIV.

B.Theyhavehelpedchange UNguidelines.

C.TheywilldomoreresearchesonTenascinC.

D.Theirfindingisbasedontheirpreviouswork.

 【参考答案】63.B      64.D      65.D66.C     

【2014高考英语南京市、盐城市一模】

请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Heleantdowntothepickpocket.Theheavingandgaspinghadstopped,buthewasstillmakingashowofhisbreathlessness.

“That’sbetter,”Mallonsaid.“Canyoustandup?

Trytostandup.Here,”hesaid,andgrippedthepickpocket’sarmandforcedhimuprightuntilhesawhisfaceforthefirsttime.Asthepickpocketlaboredforbreath,hegazedupatMallonwithhisdarkeyes. “Howcouldyou?

” theyasked.

Mallonmighthavesaid,“Becauseyoutriedtostealfromme.”Buthewasstillconsciousoftheflushofjoyhe’dfeltwhenhisblowstruckhome—whenheknewhe’dhurttheman.Wherethatjoycamefromhecouldn’tsay,butheknewthatitsrootsweredeeperthan