零基础英语教材.docx
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零基础英语教材
几点基础知识对照表
人称代词
系动词（是）
形容词性物主代词（谁的）
单数
I
am
my
you
are
your
he
is
his
she
is
her
it
is
its
复数
we
are
our
you
are
your
they
are
their
Lesson1Areyouamodel?
Talkaboutjobs.
1.What’syourname?
Mynameis….
Iam…一般疑问句→Areyou….?
Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.
What’shisname?
Heis…一般疑问句→Ishe….?
Yes,heis.No,heisnot.
Hisnameis…
What’shername?
Sheis…一般疑问句→Isshe….?
Yes,sheis.No,sheisnot.
Hernameis….
2.Whatdoyoudo?
What’syourjob?
Iama….一般疑问句→Areyoua…Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot..
Whatdoeshedo?
What’shisjob?
Heisa….一般疑问句→Ishea…Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.
Whatdoesshedo?
What’sherjob?
Sheisa…一般疑问句→Isshea…Yes,sheis.No,sheisn’t.
3.Whereareyoufrom?
Iamfrom…一般疑问句→Areyoufrom….?
Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot..
Whereishefrom?
Heisfrom…一般疑问句→Ishefrom….?
Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.
Whereisshefrom?
Sheisfrom…一般疑问句→Isshefrom….?
Yes,sheis.No,sheisn’t.
Teacher,housewife,doctor,policeofficer,officeworker,singer,student,waiter,chef,farmer,guitarplayer,badmintonplayer,model，manager,employee,actor,
Iam
Heis
Sheis
Theyare
Mynameis
Hisnameis
Hernameis
Theirnamesare
Lesson2ThisisYaoMing
Learntogreetandintroducefriends.
Howareyou?
I’mfine,thanks.Andyou?
Whataboutyou?
Nicetomeetyou.
Whoareyou?
Whoishe/she?
Whereareyoufrom?
Whereishefrom?
Areyouateacher?
Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.
Issheateacher?
Yes,sheis.No,sheisn’t.
Areyoumarried?
→Ishemarried?
Areyousingle?
→Ishesingle?
Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.
AreyoufromCanada?
→IshefromCanada?
Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.
Areyouateacher?
Doyouhaveadog?
Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.
Doyouhaveacat?
→Doeshehaveacat?
Yes,hedoes.No.hedoesn’t.
Doyouhaveahusband?
→Doesshehaveahusband?
Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.
Doyouhavechildren?
→Doesshehavechildren?
Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.
Doyouhaveawife?
→Doeshehaveawife?
Yes,hedoes.No.hedoesn’t.
Doyouhaveaboyfriend?
→Doesshehaveaboyfriend?
Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.
A:
Goodafternoon,Mulan.Thisismyschool,andherearemyfriendsatMETEN.
B:
HiMichael,howareyou?
A:
Greatthanks.Andyou?
B:
Verygood.Ihaveanewfriend.Thisis
That’s
Thisis
Theseare
Thoseare
Thesearemypens.Theseareyourpens.
Lesson3Hehastwocars
Talkaboutthingsyouown
Whatdoyouhave?
Whatdoeshehave?
Doyouhaveapen?
Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.
Doeshehaveapen?
Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.
Ihaveapen.Idon’thaveapen.
Hehasapen.Hedoesn’thaveapen.
Howoldareyou?
Howoldishe?
I/you/they/we+have→I/you/they/we+don’t+have
He/she/it+has→He/she/it+doesn’t+have
1.规则变化：
1）一般在名词词尾加s，
①map—maps地图，bird—birds鸟，
orange—oranges桔子，
bike—bikes自行车；
2）以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es，
①box—boxes盒子，class—classes班级，watch—watches手表，dish-dishes盘，碟子，餐具；
3）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i+es
①baby—babies婴儿family—families家庭；
以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s
①boy—boys男孩toy—toys玩具；
4）以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为ves
①knife—knives小刀
wife—wives妻子
leaf—leaves树叶。
5）以O结尾的名词后面加s或es
①photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机zoo—zoos动物园
tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆
二：
名词复数的不规则变化
1）child---childrenfoot---feettooth---teeth
mouse---miceman---menwoman---women
cellphone,car,pen,keys,books,money,bag,wallet,apairofglasses,ring,
Lesson4Inanewhouse
Learntodescribeyourhome.
Therebe
Thereis
Thereare
Thereisacomputeronthedesk.v→Isthereacomputeronthedesk?
Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t
Therearesomebooksonthedesk.→Arethereanybooksonthedesk?
Yes,thereare.No,therearen’t.
Thereisn’tacomputeronthedesk.
Therearenotanybooksonthedesk.
Words:
Livingroom,bedroom,housekitchendiningroomchairbathroomtabledesksofalampflower,computer,cat
Lesson5LifeofConfucius
Learntodescribeadailyroutine
Whatdoyoudointhemorning?
IreadEnglishinthemorning.→DoyoureadEnglishinthemorning?
Yes,Ido.No,Idon’t.
Whatdoeshedointhemorning?
HereadsEnglishinthemorning.→DoeshereadEnglishinthemorning?
Yes,hedoes.No,hedoesn’t.
Verb:
read,brush,cook,watch,go,
Stand,buy,borrow,lend,give,wash.
肯定句
否定句
Ilikeoranges.
Idon’tlikeoranges.
Theylikesalad.
Theydon’tlikesalad.
Helikeshamburgers.
Hedoesn’tlikehamburgers.
Shelikesicecream.
Shedoesn’tlikeicecream.
一般疑问句
肯定回答
否定回答
Doyoulikesalad?
Yes,Ido.
No,Idon’t
Dotheylikesalad?
Yes,theydo.
No,theydon’t.
Doeshelikesalad?
Yes,hedoes.
No,hedoesn’t.
Doesshelikesalad?
Yes,shedoes.
No,shedoesn’t.
肯定式
疑问式
否定式
否定疑问式
Iwork.
Doyouwork?
Idonotwork.
Don'tyouwork?
Youwork.
Doyouwork?
Youdonotwork.
Don'tyouwork?
Wework.
Doyouwork?
Wedonotwork.
Don'tyouwork?
Theywork.
Dotheywork?
Theydonotwork.
Don'ttheywork?
He（She,It）works.
Doeshe（she,it）work?
He（She,It）doesnotwork.
Doesn'the（sheit）work?
一般现在时的用法：
1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。
时间状语：
often,always,usually,sometimes,everymorning/night/evening/day/week,twiceaweek,never.
如：
IreadEnglisheverymorning.
ShesometimesgoesshoppingonSundays.
当主语是第三人称单数时:
肯定句主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他
否定句主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他
一般疑问句Does+主语+动词原形+其他
肯定回答Yes，主语+does
否定回答No，主语+doesn't
特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+一般疑问句
当主语不是第三人称单数时：
肯定句主语+动词原形+其他
否定句主语+don't+动词原形+其他
一般疑问句Do+主语+动词原形+其他
变化规律：
情况
构成方法
读音
例词
一般情况
加-s
清辅音后读/s/
浊辅音和元音后读/z/
swim-swims；help-helps；like-
likes
以s,sh,ch,x,o等结尾的词
加-es
watches
以辅音字母+y结尾的词
变y为i再加es
读/z/
study-studies
have
变have为has
have-has
Lesson6Likesanddislikes
Learntotalkaboutlikesanddislikes.
Whatisthis/that?
It’s….Isthat….?
Yes,…..No….
Whatarethese/those?
These/thoseare….Arethese/those….
Whatdoyoulike?
Ilike….Idon’tlike…..Doyoulike….Yes….No….
Whatdoeshe/shelike?
Helikes…..Hedoesn’tlike…..Doeshelike…Yes….No….
What’syourfavorite….?
Myfavorite….is…..
What’shisfavorite…..?
Hisfavorite…..is…..
Like+n.Ilikecats.
Like+v.ingIlikewatchingTV.
Words:
Fruit:
apple,banana,pear,strawberry,grape,lemon,orange,
Sports:
football,basketball,tabletennis,
Dance,watch….
Lesson7CanIborrowyourPing-pongpaddle?
Learntodescribeabilities.
Whatcanyoudo?
Icanswim.Ican’tswim.Canyouswim?
Yes,Ican.No.Ican’t.
Whatcanhedo?
Hecanswim.Hecan’tswim.Canheswim?
Yes,hecan.No,hecan’t.
Whatcantheydo?
Whatcanwedo?
Whatcanitdo?
Cook,swim,dance,do
Play+basketball,football,tabletennis
原形：
sing,cook,swim
Do+yoga,karate
Lesson8Alovestory
Learntodescribepeople
Be
Have
Strong,thin,fat
Beautiful,handsome,ugly
Bigeyes,bignose,smallmouth,
blackhair,longhair,shorthair,goldenhair
tall,short
Shehaslonghair.Shedoesn’thavelonghair.Doesshehavelonghair?
Yes,shedoes.No,shedoesn’t.
Heistall.Heisn’ttall.Ishetall?
Yes,heis.No,heisn’t.
I/they/youhave
She/hehas
第三人称单数时，动词要加s….
Lesson9WhereamI
Learntoaskforandgivedirection.
Standup
Turnright.
Turnleft.
Gostraightahead.
Stop
Lookaround
Turnaround
Goup
Godown
Between
Infront
Nextto
Opposite
Behind
Nextto,
opposite,
behind,
人+be+between…and…,+人或物
acrossfrom,
atthecorner….
near
Whereareyou?
Whereishe?
WhereamI?
Whereismypen?
Whereareyourpens?
Whereislilysitting?
Thereis
Thereare
Isthere
Arethere…
Iwanttogoto….
Lesson10Howmuchisit?
Learntoaskaboutprices.
Howmuchis
Howmuchare…
Howmuchisthatchocolate?
Itis2dollars.
Howmucharethosebananas?
Threedollarseachbunch.
Howmuchisit?
Howmanyapplesarethereinthebag?
Lesson11MayIhelpyou?
Learntoaskforthingsinshops.
Shirt
Skirt
Coat
Hat
Jeans
Dress
Shorts
Shoes
MayIhelpyou?
CanIhelpyou?
Yes,IneedaT-shirt.
Yes,IwantaT-shirt.
Whatsize?
Small.Medium.Large
CanItryit/themon?
Yes,thereisafittingroomoverthere.
Thatlooksverygoodonyou.
Thanks.Thankyou
Howmuchisit?
It’s75yuan.
跑步Running
滑雪Skiing
游泳swimming
棒球baseball
篮球basketball
排球volleyball
乒乓球tabletennis
足球soccer
网球tennis
羽毛球badminton
柔道judo
骑马equestrian
曲棍球hockey
足球football
篮球basketball
排球volleyball
网球tennis高尔夫球
生活用品
comb 头梳
glass 玻璃杯
umbrella 雨伞
bag 袋子
handbag 手提包
handkerchief 手帕
purse 钱包
wallet 皮夹
watch 手表
match 火柴
chair 椅子
armchair 扶手椅子
bench 长椅子
rug 小地毯
carpet 大地毯
desk 书桌
furniture/5fE:
nitFE/家具
bed 床
blanket 毛毯
pillow 枕头
quilt 棉被
sheet 床单
mat 席子
cushion 垫子
curtain 窗帘
suitcase 手提箱
cupboard 碗柜
drawer 抽屉
stool 凳子
clock 时钟
light 灯
lamp 灯
needle 针
thread 线
bathroom 浴室,厕所
mirror 镜子
soap 肥皂
towel 手巾
lavatory 洗脸盆,厕所
toothpaste 牙膏ab
closet 壁橱
shelf 架子，搁板
rack 架子,行李架
toilet 卫生间
tap 水龙头
bath 浴缸
sponge 海绵
thermometer 温度计
bulb 灯泡
switch 开关
plug 插头
telephone 电话
hook 衣钩
toothbrush 牙刷
perfume 香水
torch 手电
battery 电池
lock 锁
trunk 大衣箱
antique 古玩
cradle 摇篮
stereo 音响
glue 胶水
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