TED英语演讲稿为什么节食减肥没效果1最新整理.docx

TED英语演讲稿为什么节食减肥没效果1最新整理.docx

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TED英语演讲稿为什么节食减肥没效果1最新整理

TED英语演讲稿：

为什么节食减肥没效果？

简介：

在美国，80%的女孩在她们10岁的时候便开始节食。

神经学家sandraaamodt结合自己的亲身经历，讲述大脑是如何控制我们的身体的。

节食减肥为何没效果?

来听听她的说法吧!

threeandahalfyearsago,imadeoneofthebestdecisionsofmylife.asmynewyear'sresolution,igaveupdieting,stoppedworryingaboutmyweight,andlearnedtoeatmindfully.nowieatwheneveri'mhungry,andi'velost10pounds.

thiswasmeatage13,whenistartedmyfirstdiet.ilookatthatpicturenow,andithink,youdidnotneedadiet,youneededafashionconsult.（laughter）butithoughtineededtoloseweight,andwhenigaineditback,ofcourseiblamedmyself.andforthenextthreedecades,iwasonandoffvariousdiets.nomatterwhatitried,theweighti'dlostalwayscameback.i'msuremanyofyouknowthefeeling.

asaneuroscientist,iwondered,whyisthissohard?

obviously,howmuchyouweighdependsonhow

muchyoueatandhowmuchenergyyouburn.whatmostpeopledon'trealizeisthathungerandenergyusearecontrolledbythebrain,mostlywithoutyourawareness.yourbraindoesalotofitsworkbehindthescenes,andthatisagoodthing,becauseyourconsciousmind--howdoweputthispolitely?

--it'seasilydistracted.it'sgoodthatyoudon'thavetoremembertobreathewhenyougetcaughtupinamovie.youdon'tforgethowtowalkbecauseyou'rethinkingaboutwhattohavefordinner.

yourbrainalsohasitsownsenseofwhatyoushouldweigh,nomatterwhatyouconsciouslybelieve.thisiscalledyoursetpoint,butthat'samisleadingterm,becauseit'sactuallyarangeofabout10or15pounds.youcanuselifestylechoicestomoveyourweightupanddownwithinthatrange,butit'smuch,muchhardertostayoutsideofit.thehypothalamus,thepartofthebrainthatregulatesbodyweight,therearemorethanadozenchemicalsignalsinthebrainthattellyourbodytogainweight,morethananotherdozenthattell

yourbodytoloseit,andthesystemworkslikeathermostat,respondingtosignalsfromthebodybyadjustinghunger,activityandmetabolism,tokeepyourweightstableasconditionschange.that'swhatathermostatdoes,right?

itkeepsthetemperatureinyourhousethesameastheweatherchangesoutside.nowyoucantrytochangethetemperatureinyourhousebyopeningawindowinthewinter,butthat'snotgoingtochangethesettingonthethermostat,whichwillrespondbykickingonthefurnacetowarmtheplacebackup.

yourbrainworksexactlythesameway,respondingtoweightlossbyusingpowerfultoolstopushyourbodybacktowhatitconsidersnormal.ifyoulosealotofweight,yourbrainreactsasifyouwerestarving,andwhetheryoustartedoutfatorthin,yourbrain'sresponseisexactlythesame.wewouldlovetothinkthatyourbraincouldtellwhetheryouneedtoloseweightornot,butitcan't.ifyoudolosealotofweight,youbecomehungry,andyourmusclesburnlessenergy.dr.rudyleibelofcolumbiauniversityhasfoundthatpeople

whohavelost10percentoftheirbodyweightburn

250to400calorieslessbecausetheirmetabolismissuppressed.that'salotoffood.thismeansthatasuccessfuldietermusteatthismuchlessforeverthansomeoneofthesameweightwhohasalwaysbeenthin.

fromanevolutionaryperspective,yourbody'sresistancetoweightlossmakessense.whenfoodwasscarce,ourancestors'survivaldependedonconservingenergy,andregainingtheweightwhenfoodwasavailablewouldhaveprotectedthemagainstthenextshortage.overthecourseofhumanhistory,starvationhasbeenamuchbiggerproblemthanovereating.thismayexplainaverysadfact:

setpointscangoup,buttheyrarelygodown.now,ifyourmotherevermentionedthatlifeisnotfair,thisisthekindofthingshewastalkingabout.（laughter）successfuldietingdoesn'tloweryoursetpoint.evenafteryou'vekepttheweightoffforaslongassevenyears,yourbrainkeepstryingtomakeyougainitback.ifthatweightlosshadbeenduetoalongfamine,thatwouldbeasensible

response.inourmodernworldofdrive-thruburgers,it'snotworkingoutsowellformanyofus.thatdifferencebetweenourancestralpastandourabundantpresentisthereasonthatdr.yonifreedhoffoftheuniversityofottawawouldliketotakesomeofhispatientsbacktoatimewhenfoodwaslessavailable,andit'salsothereasonthatchangingthefoodenvironmentisreallygoingtobethemosteffectivesolutiontoobesity.

sadly,atemporaryweightgaincanbecomepermanent.ifyoustayatahighweightfortoolong,probablyamatterofyearsformostofus,yourbrainmaydecidethatthat'sthenewnormal.

psychologistsclassifyeatersintotwogroups,thosewhorelyontheirhungerandthosewhotrytocontroltheireatingthroughwillpower,likemostdieters.let'scallthemintuitiveeatersandcontrolledeaters.theinterestingthingisthatintuitiveeatersarelesslikelytobeoverweight,andtheyspendlesstimethinkingaboutfood.controlledeatersaremorevulnerabletoovereatinginresponsetoadvertising,super-sizing,andthe

all-you-can-eatbuffet.andasmallindulgence,likeeatingonescoopoficecream,ismorelikelytoleadtoafoodbingeincontrolledeaters.childrenareespeciallyvulnerabletothiscycleofdietingandthenbinging.

severallong-termstudieshaveshownthatgirlswhodietintheirearlyteenageyearsarethreetimesmorelikelytobecomeoverweightfiveyearslater,eveniftheystartedatanormalweight,andallofthesestudiesfoundthatthesamefactorsthatpredictedweightgainalsopredictedthedevelopmentofeatingdisorders.theotherfactor,bytheway,thoseofyouwhoareparents,wasbeingteasedbyfamilymembersabouttheirweight.sodon'tdothat.（laughter）

ileftalmostallmygraphsathome,buticouldn'tresistthrowinginjustthisone,becausei'mageek,andthat'showiroll.（laughter）thisisastudythatlookedattheriskofdeathovera14-yearperiodbasedonfourhealthyhabits:

eatingenoughfruitsandvegetables,exercisethreetimesaweek,notsmoking,anddrinkinginmoderation.

let'sstartbylookingatthenormalweightpeopleinthestudy.theheightofthebarsistheriskofdeath,andthosezero,one,two,three,fournumbersonthehorizontalaxisarethenumberofthosehealthyhabitsthatagivenpersonhad.andasyou'dexpect,thehealthierthelifestyle,thelesslikelypeopleweretodieduringthestudy.nowlet'slookatwhathappensinoverweightpeople.theonesthathadnohealthyhabitshadahigherriskofdeath.addingjustonehealthyhabitpullsoverweightpeoplebackintothenormalrange.forobesepeoplewithnohealthyhabits,theriskisveryhigh,seventimeshigherthanthehealthiestgroupsinthestudy.butahealthylifestylehelpsobesepeopletoo.infact,ifyoulookonlyatthegroupwithallfourhealthyhabits,youcanseethatweightmakesverylittledifference.youcantakecontrolofyourhealthbytakingcontrolofyourlifestyle,evenifyoucan't

loseweightandkeepitoff.

dietsdon'thaveverymuchreliability.fiveyearsafteradiet,mostpeoplehaveregainedthe

weight.fortypercentofthemhavegainedevenmore.ifyouthinkaboutthis,thetypicaloutcomeofdietingisthatyou'remorelikelytogainweightinthelongrunthantoloseit.

ifi'veconvincedyouthatdietingmightbeaproblem,thenextquestionis,whatdoyoudoaboutit?

andmyanswer,inaword,ismindfulness.i'mnotsayingyouneedtolearntomeditateortakeupyoga.i'mtalkingaboutmindfuleating:

learningtounderstandyourbody'ssignalssothatyoueatwhenyou'rehungryandstopwhenyou'refull,becausealotofweightgainboilsdowntoeatingwhenyou'renothungry.howdoyoudoit?

giveyourselfpermissiontoeatasmuchasyouwant,andthenworkonfiguringoutwhatmakesyourbodyfeelgood.sitdowntoregularmealswithoutdistractions.thinkabouthowyourbodyfeelswhenyoustarttoeatandwhenyoustop,andletyourhungerdecidewhenyoushouldbedone.ittookaboutayearformetolearnthis,butit'sreallybeenworthit.iamsomuchmorerelaxedaroundfoodthanihaveeverbeeninmylife.ioftendon'tthinkaboutit.

iforgetwehavechocolateinthehouse.it'slikealienshavetakenovermybrain.it'sjustcompletelydifferent.ishouldsaythatthisapproachtoeatingprobablywon'tmakeyouloseweightunlessyouofteneatwhenyou'renothungry,butdoctorsdon'tknowofanyapproachthatmakessignificantweightlossinalotofpeople,andthatiswhyalotofpeoplearenowfocusingonpreventingweightgaininsteadofpromotingweightloss.let'sfaceit:

ifdietsworked,we'dallbethinalready.（laughter）

whydowekeepdoingthesamethingandexpectingdifferentresults?

dietsmayseemharmless,buttheyactuallydoalotofcollateraldamage.atworst,theyruinlives:

weightobsessionleadstoeatingdisorders,especiallyinyoungkids.inthe,wehave80percentof10-year-oldgirlssaythey'vebeenonadiet.ourdaughtershavelearnedtomeasuretheirworthbythewrongscale.evenatitsbest,dietingisawasteoftimeandenergy.ittakeswillpowerwhichyoucouldbeusingtohelpyourkidswiththeirhomeworkortofinish

thatimportantworkproject,andbecausewillpowerislimited,anystrategythatreliesonitsconsistentapplicationisprettymuchguaranteedtoeventuallyfailyouwhenyourattentionmovesontosomethingelse.

letmeleaveyouwithonelastthought.whatifwetoldallthosedietinggirlsthatit'sokaytoeatwhenthey'rehungry?

whatifwetaughtthemtoworkwiththeirappetiteinsteadoffearingit?

ithinkmostofthemwouldbehappierandhealthier,andasadults,manyofthemwouldprobablybethinner.iwishsomeonehadtoldmethatbackwheniwas13.

thank