精品BBC经典行星地球英文解说词全集.docx

精品BBC经典行星地球英文解说词全集.docx

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精品BBC经典行星地球英文解说词全集

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行星地球英文解说词

第1集PLANETEARTHFromPoletoPole

AhundredyearsagotherewereoneandahalfbillionpeopleonEarth.Now,oversixbillioncrowdourfragileplanetEarth.Butevenso,therearestillplacesbarelytouchedbyhumanity.ThisserieswilltaketothelastwildernessesandshowyoutheplanetEarthanditswildlifeasyouhaveneverseenthembefore.Imagineourworldwithoutsun.MaleEmperorpenguinsarefacingthenearestthatexistsonplanetEarthEarth-winterinAntarctica.It'scontinuouslydarkandtemperaturesdroptominusseventydegreescentigrade.Thepenguinsstaywhenallothercreatureshavefledbecauseeachguardsatreasure:

asingleeggrestedonthetopofitsfeetandkeptwarmbeneaththedownybulgeofitsstomach.Thereisnofoodandnowaterforthem,andtheywillnotseethesunagainforfourmonths.Surelynogreaterordealisfacedbyanyanimal.AsthesundepartsfromtheAntarcticitlightenstheskiesinthefarnorth.It'sMarchandlightreturnstothehighArctic,sweepingawayfourmonthsofdarkness.Apolarbearstirs.Shehasbeeninherdenthewholewinter.Heremergencemarksthebeginningofspring.Aftermonthsofconfinementundergroundshetoboggansdowntheslope.Perhapstocleanherfur,perhapsforsheerjoy.Hercubsgazeoutoftheirbrightnewworldfortheveryfirsttime.Thefemalecallsthem,butthissteepslopeisnottheeasiestplacetotakeyourfirststeps.Buttheyarehungryandeagertoreachtheirmother,who'sdelayedfeedingthemonthisspecialday.Nowsheluresthemwiththepromiseofmilk,theonlyfoodthecubshaveknownsincetheywereborndeafandblindbeneaththesnowsometwomonthsago.Theirmotherhasnoteatenforfivemonthsandhaslosthalfherbodyweight.Nowsheconvertsthelastofherfatreservesintomilkforhercubs.Thespringsunbringswarmthbutalsoaproblemforthemother.Itstartstomelttheseaice.Thatiswhereshehuntsforthesealsheneedstofeedhercubs.Andshemustgettherebeforetheicebreaksup.Fornowthoughit'sstillminusthirtydegreesandthecubsmusthavetheshelteroftheden.It'ssixdayssincethebearsemergedandspringisadvancingrapidly.Butevennowblizzardscanstrikewithoutwarning.Beingsosmall,thecubsareeasilychilledandtheywillbemorecomfortablerestingintheden.Buttheirmothermustkeepthemoutandactive.She'sbecomingweakfromhungerandthere'snofoodonthesenurseryslopes.Theseaicestillholdsfirm,butitwon'tlastmuchlonger.Day10,andthemotherhasledhercubsamilefromtheden.It'stimetoputthemtothetest.They'vegrownenormouslyinconfidence,buttheydon'thavetheirmother'ssenseofurgency.Atlastitseemsthatthey'rereadyfortheirjourneyandthey'reonlyjustintime,forafewmilesfromthecoasttheiceisalreadysplitting.Nowthemothercanstarthuntingforthesealstheymusthave,butshe'sleadinghercubsintoadangerousnewworld.Nearlyhalfofallcubsdieintheirfirstyearoutontheice.Summerbrings24hoursofsunlightandthethawingshiftinglandscape.FurthersouththewintersnowshavealmostclearedfromtheArctictundra.NorthernCanada'swildfrontier.Herenaturestagesoneofhergreatestdramas-EveryyearthreemillioncariboumigrateacrosstheArctictundra.Theimmensityoftheherdcanonlybeproperlyappreciatedfromtheair.Someherdstravelover2,000milesayearinsearchoffreshpastures.Thisisthelongestoverlandmigrationmadebyanyanimal.They'reconstantlyonthemove.Newborncalveshavetobeupandrunningthedaytheyareborn.Butthevastherdsdonottravelalone.Wolves.Packsofthem,eighttotenstrong,shadowthemigration.Andtheyarehungry.It'sthenewlyborncalvesthattheyareafter.Runningdirectlyattheherdisaploytogeneratepanic.Theherdbreaksupandnowit'seasiertotargetanindividual.Inthechaosacalfisseparatedfromitsmother.Thecalfisyoung,butitcanoutrunthewolfifonlyitmanagestokeepitsfooting.Atthisstagetheoddsareeven-eitherthecaribouwillmakeamistakeorafteramilethewolfwillgiveup.Midsummeronthetundraandthesundoesnotset.Attheselatitudesthesun'sraysareglancingandnotenoughoftheirenergyreachesthegroundtoenabletreestogrow.You'llneedtotravel500milessouthfromherebeforethatispossible.Thesestuntedshrubsmarkthetreeline-thebeginningoftheborealforest-thetaiga.Theneedle-shapedleavesoftheconifersarevirtuallyinediblesothisforestsupportsverylittleanimallife.It'sasilentplacewherethesnowisunmarkedbyfootprints.IntheArcticwintersnowformsacontinuousblanketacrosstheland.Butasspringcreepsupfromthesouththetaigaisunveiled.ThisvastforestcirclingtheglobecontainsathirdofallthetreesonEarthandproducessomuchoxygenitchangesthecompositionoftheatmosphere.Aswetravelsouthsothesun'sinfluencegrowsstrongerandat50degreesoflatitudearadicaltransformationbegins.Summersherearelongenoughforbroadleaftreestoreplaceconifers.Broadleavesaremucheasiertoeatanddigestsonowanimalscancollecttheirshareoftheenergythathascomefromthesun.It'ssummerandtheseforestsarebustlingwithlife.Butthegoodtimeswillnotlast.Broadleavesmustbeshedinwinterfortheirdamagebyfrost.Astheydisappear,sothelandbecomesbarrenwithlittleforanimalstoeat.Theinhabitantsmustmigrate,hibernate,orfacemonthsofnearstarvation.TheAmurleopard-therarestcatintheworld.Here,inthedeciduousforestsofeasternRussiathewintermakeshuntingverydifficult.Prayanimalsarescarce,andthere'snoconcealingvegetation.Thecubisayearoldandstilldependentonitsmother.Deerarefrequentcasualtiesoftheharshwinterandtheseleopardsarenotabovescavengingfromacorpse.Africanleopardscouldneversurvivehere,buttheRussiancatshavethickfurtoshieldthemfromthecold.ThereareonlyfortyAmurleopardsleftinthewildandthatnumberisfalling.Likesomanycreatures,thecatshavebeenpushedtotheveryedgeofextinctionbyhuntingandthedestructionoftheirhabitat.TheAmurleopardsymbolisesthefragilityofournaturalheritage.Thefutureofanentirespecieshangsonsurvivalofatinynumberofmotherslikethisone.Allanimals,rareorcommon,ultimatelydependfortheirenergyonthesun.InJapanthearrivalofthecherryblossomannouncesthebeginningofspring.Thesun'senergybringscolourtothelandscape.Theearth,asitmakesitsannualjourneyaroundthesun,spinsonatiltedaxis.Andit'sthistiltthatcreatestheseasons.Theadvanceoftheseasonsbringsconstantchange.Asthesun'sinfluencediminishesinthenorth,sothedeciduousforestsofAmericabegintoshutdownlosingtheirleavesinpreparationforthedarkcoldmonthsahead.Oneseasonhandsovertoanother.Someorganismsthriveondecay,butmostmustmakespecialpreparationsforwinterandalifewithlittlesun.Wholepopulationsofanimalsarenowforcedtotravelgreatdistancesinpursuitoffoodandwarmth.300,000BaikaltealgathertoescapefromtheSiberianwinterbymigratingsouthtoKorea-theworld'sentirepopulationinasingleflock.Buttherearepartsoftheworldthathavenoseasons.Inthetropicsthesun'sraysstriketheearthheadonandtheirstrengthismoreorlessconstantallyearround.Thatiswhythejunglegrowssovigourouslyandsupportssomuchlife.Thisforestcoversonly3percentoftheplanet'ssurface,butitcontainsmorethan50percentofallitsplantsandanimals.Thecanopyisparticularlyrich.Therearemonkeys,birdsandmillionsofspeciesofinsects,exactlyhowmanywehavenoidea.Thecharacteroftheforestchangesaswedescend,becomingeverdarkeranddamper,favouringdifferentkindsofanimalsandplants.Lessthan2percentofthesunlightreachesthefloor,butevenherethereisextraordinaryvariety.InthegreatislandofNewGuineathereare42differentspeciesofbirdsofparadise,eachmorebizarrethanthelast.Thisforestissorichthatnourishingfoodcanbegatheredveryquickly.Thatleavesthemalesix-plumedbirdofparadisewithtimetoconcentrateonothermattersliketidyinguphisdisplayarea.Everythingmustbespickandspan.Allisready.Veryimpressive,butnooneiswatching.Thesuperbbirdofparadisecallstoattractafemale.Andhehasmoreluck.Butwhatdoeshehavetodotoreallyimpressher?

Sheretirestoconsiderherverdict.It'shardnottofeeldeflatedwhenevenyourbestisn'tgoodenough.Thesuninfluenceslifeintheoceansjustasitdoesonland.Itsrichestpartsarethosewherewavesandcurrentsbringfertilisingnutrientstosurfacewatersthatarebathedinsunlight.TheseasofftheCapeinSouthAfricahavethismagicrecipeandarehugelyproductive.Summeristhetimeofplentyandit'snowthatthesealsstarttobreed.Thestrikeofagreatwhitesharklastsameresecond.Slowingitdownfortytimesrevealsthetechniqueandimmensestrengthofthismassivepredator.Ifsurprisefails,therewillbeachase.Thesharkisfasteronastraightcoursebutitcan'tturnassharplyastheseal,itsagilityversuspower.Oncethesealshavefinishedbreedingthegiantsharkswillmoveon.It'snowbecomingclearthatgreatwhitesmigratethousandsofmilesacrosstheoceanstoharvestseasonalabundancesindifferentseas.Thesun,beatingdownontropicalwaters,powerstheweathersystemsoftheglobe.Moistureevaporatesfromthewarmingoceanandrisestocreategreatstorms.Thewindsgeneratedoutatseasweepinlandacrossthecontinents.AstheytravelacrosstheSaharatheycreatethebiggestofallsandstormsblowi