大学英语四级考试试题真题附参考答案.docx
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大学英语四级考试试题真题附参考答案
大学英语四级考试试题真题附参考答案
SectionC
We'renowwitnessingtheemergenceofanadvancedeconomybasedoninformationandknowledge.Physical(36)___,rawmaterials,andcapitalarenolongerthekey(37)____inthecreationofwealth.Now,the(38)____rawmaterialinoureconomyisknowledge.Tomorrow'swealthdependsonthedevelopmentandexchangeofknowledge.And(39)___enteringtheworkforceoffertheirknowledge,nottheirmuscles.Knowledgeworkersgetpaidfortheireducationandtheirabilitytolearn.Knowledgeworkers(40)____inmindwork.Theydealwithsymbols:
words,(41)___anddata.
Whatdoesallthismeanforyou?
Asafutureknowledgeworker,youcanexpecttobe(42)____,processing,aswellasexchanginginformation.(43)____,threeoutoffourjobsinvolvesomeformofmindwork,andthatnumberwillincreasesharplyinthefuture.Managementandemployeesalike(44)____.
Inthenewworldofwork,youcanlookforwardtobeinginconstanttraining(45)____.Youcanalsoexpecttobetakinggreatercontrolofyourcareer.Gonearethenine-fivejobs.lifetimesecurity,predictablepromotions,andeventheconventionalworkplace,asyouarefamiliarwith.(46)____,anddon’twaitforsomeoneto“empower”you.Youhavetoempoweryourself.
PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)
SectionA
Question57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
SomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwouldrequirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroadacoupleoftimes,butIcouldhardly-47-toknowmywayaroundthecontinent.Moreover,myknowledgeofforeignlanguageswas-48-toalittlecollegeFrench.
Ihesitated.HowwouldI,unabletospeakthelanguage,-49-unfamiliarwithlocalgeographyortransportationsystems,setup-50-anddoresearch?
Itseemedimpossible,andwithconsiderable-51-Isatdowntowritealetterbeggingoff.Halfwaythrough,athoughtranthroughmymind:
youcan’tlearnifyoudon’ttry.SoIacceptedtheassignment.
Thereweresomebad-52-.ButbythetimeIhadfinishedthetripIwasanexperiencedtraveler.Andeversince.Ihaveneverhesitatedtoheadforeventhemostremoteofplaces.Withoutguidesoreven-53-bookings.ConfidentthatsomehowIwillmanage.
Thepointisthatthenew,thedifferent,isalmostbydefinition–54-.buteachtimeyoutrysomething.Youlearn.Andasthelearningpliesup.Theworldopenstoyou.
I’velearnedtoskiat40,andflownuptheRhineriverina–55-.AndIknowI’llgotodoingsuchthings.It’snotbecauseI’mbraverormoredaringthanothers.I’mnot.ButI’llacceptanxietyasanothernameforchallengeandIbelieveIcan-56-wonders.
A.complish I.manufacture
B.advanced J.moments
C.balloon K.news
D.claim L.reduced
E.constantly M.regret
F.declare N.scary
G.interviews O.totally
H.limited
PassageOne
Question57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,but-regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't-wewon'tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueoveritandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoidit.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelytheyaretobeobserved.
A1Gorecallsglobalwarmingan"inconvenienttruth,"asifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon'tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarming,and-withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs-wecan'tdomuchaboutit.
From2003to2050,theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billonto9.1billion,a42%increase.ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremaintesame,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissions(mainly,CO2)willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat'stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconmicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresent
Povertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethendoubleby2050.
Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonalfreedom(limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel)thatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey're"doingsomething"ConsidertheKyotoProtoco(京都议定书).Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treducedCO2emissions(upabout25%since1990),andmanysignatories(签字国)didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.
Thepracticalcodusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.
Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblewhenit'sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon'tsolvetheengineeringproblem,we'rehelpless.
57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?
A)Itmaynotproveanenvironmentalcrisisatall.
B)Itisanissuerequiringworldwidecommitments.
C)Seriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidorstopit.
D)Verylittlewillbedonetobringitundercontrol.
58.Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstanding,whatisA1Gore'sviewonglobalwarming?
A)Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.
B)Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.
C)Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.
D)Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.
59.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof___.
A)economicgrowth
B)wastefuluseofenergy
C)thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoor
D)therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology
60.Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,____.
A)politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation
B)fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuse
C)reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarming
D)internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvoronmentalproblems
61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?
A)Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.
B)Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology.
C)Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.
D)Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.
PassageTwo
Question62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Somedayasirangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsiteyou'vevisited,Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcardpurchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.
Infact,it'slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyouwithoutyourpermission?
Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketingcompany,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedtobeseen-the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.
Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit'simportanttorevealyourselftofriends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs(碎屑)youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret.
Thekeyquestionis:
Doesthatmatter?
FormanyAmericans,theanswerapparentlyis"no."
WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis"slippingaway,andthatbothersme."
Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountattollbooths(收费站)toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobilemovements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.PrivacyeconomistAlessandroAcauistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonalinformationlikeSocailSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-offcoupon(优惠卷)。
Butprivacydoesmatter-atleastsometimes.It'slikehealth:
Whenyouhaveit,youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'ddonemoretoprotectit.
62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked"(Lines3-4,Para.2)?
A)People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.
B)Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers'secrets.
C)Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.
D)Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.
63.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?
A)Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.
B)Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.
C)Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.
D)Thereshouldbefewerdisputesbetweenfriends.
64.Whydoestheauthorsay"weliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret"(Line5,para.3)
A)Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.
B)Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.
C)Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers'affairs.
D)Manysearchenginespr