大学英语四级考试试题真题附参考答案.docx

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大学英语四级考试试题真题附参考答案

大学英语四级考试试题真题附参考答案

 

 SectionC

  We'renowwitnessingtheemergenceofanadvancedeconomybasedoninformationandknowledge.Physical(36)___,rawmaterials,andcapitalarenolongerthekey(37)____inthecreationofwealth.Now,the(38)____rawmaterialinoureconomyisknowledge.Tomorrow'swealthdependsonthedevelopmentandexchangeofknowledge.And(39)___enteringtheworkforceoffertheirknowledge,nottheirmuscles.Knowledgeworkersgetpaidfortheireducationandtheirabilitytolearn.Knowledgeworkers(40)____inmindwork.Theydealwithsymbols:

words,(41)___anddata.

  Whatdoesallthismeanforyou?

Asafutureknowledgeworker,youcanexpecttobe(42)____,processing,aswellasexchanginginformation.(43)____,threeoutoffourjobsinvolvesomeformofmindwork,andthatnumberwillincreasesharplyinthefuture.Managementandemployeesalike(44)____.

  Inthenewworldofwork,youcanlookforwardtobeinginconstanttraining(45)____.Youcanalsoexpecttobetakinggreatercontrolofyourcareer.Gonearethenine-fivejobs.lifetimesecurity,predictablepromotions,andeventheconventionalworkplace,asyouarefamiliarwith.(46)____,anddon’twaitforsomeoneto“empower”you.Youhavetoempoweryourself.

  

PartIVReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(25minutes)

  SectionA

  Question57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

  SomeyearsagoIwasofferedawritingassignmentthatwouldrequirethreemonthsoftravelthroughEurope.Ihadbeenabroadacoupleoftimes,butIcouldhardly-47-toknowmywayaroundthecontinent.Moreover,myknowledgeofforeignlanguageswas-48-toalittlecollegeFrench.

  Ihesitated.HowwouldI,unabletospeakthelanguage,-49-unfamiliarwithlocalgeographyortransportationsystems,setup-50-anddoresearch?

Itseemedimpossible,andwithconsiderable-51-Isatdowntowritealetterbeggingoff.Halfwaythrough,athoughtranthroughmymind:

youcan’tlearnifyoudon’ttry.SoIacceptedtheassignment.

  Thereweresomebad-52-.ButbythetimeIhadfinishedthetripIwasanexperiencedtraveler.Andeversince.Ihaveneverhesitatedtoheadforeventhemostremoteofplaces.Withoutguidesoreven-53-bookings.ConfidentthatsomehowIwillmanage.

 

  Thepointisthatthenew,thedifferent,isalmostbydefinition–54-.buteachtimeyoutrysomething.Youlearn.Andasthelearningpliesup.Theworldopenstoyou.

  I’velearnedtoskiat40,andflownuptheRhineriverina–55-.AndIknowI’llgotodoingsuchthings.It’snotbecauseI’mbraverormoredaringthanothers.I’mnot.ButI’llacceptanxietyasanothernameforchallengeandIbelieveIcan-56-wonders.

  A.complish      I.manufacture

  B.advanced      J.moments

  C.balloon       K.news

  D.claim         L.reduced

  E.constantly    M.regret

  F.declare       N.scary

  G.interviews    O.totally

  H.limited

  

   PassageOne

  Question57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

  Globalwarmingmayormaynotbethegreatenvironmentalcrisisofthe21stcentury,but-regardlessofwhetheritisorisn't-wewon'tdomuchaboutit.Wewillargueoveritandmayeven,asanation,makesomefairlysolemn-soundingcommitmentstoavoidit.Butthemoredramaticandmeaningfulthesecommitmentsseem,thelesslikelytheyaretobeobserved.

  A1Gorecallsglobalwarmingan"inconvenienttruth,"asifmerelyrecognizingitcouldputusonapathtoasolution.Buttherealtruthisthatwedon'tknowenoughtorelieveglobalwarming,and-withoutmajortechnologicalbreakthroughs-wecan'tdomuchaboutit.

  From2003to2050,theworld'spopulationisprojectedtogrowfrom6.4billonto9.1billion,a42%increase.ifenergyuseperpersonandtechnologyremaintesame,totalenergyuseandgreenhousegasemissions(mainly,CO2)willbe42%higherin2050.Butthat'stoolow,becausesocietiesthatgrowricherusemoreenergy.Weneedeconmicgrowthunlesswecondemntheworld'spoortotheirpresent

  Povertyandfreezeeveryoneelse'slivingstandards.Withmodestgrowth,energyuseandgreenhouseemissionsmorethendoubleby2050.

  Nogovernmentwilladoptrigidrestrictionsoneconomicgrowthandpersonalfreedom(limitsonelectricityusage,drivingandtravel)thatmightcutbackglobalwarming.Still,politicianswanttoshowthey're"doingsomething"ConsidertheKyotoProtoco(京都议定书).Itallowedcountriesthatjoinedtopunishthosethatdidn't.Butithasn'treducedCO2emissions(upabout25%since1990),andmanysignatories(签字国)didn'tadopttoughenoughpoliciestohittheir2008-2012targets.

  Thepracticalcodusionisthatifglobalwarmingisapotentialdisaster,theonlysolutionisnewtechnology.Onlyanaggressiveresearchanddevelopmentprogrammightfindwaysofbreakingourdependenceonfossilfuelsordealingwithit.

  Thetroublewiththeglobalwarmingdebateisthatithasbecomeamoralproblewhenit'sreallyanengineeringone.Theinconvenienttruthisthatifwedon'tsolvetheengineeringproblem,we'rehelpless.

  57.Whatissaidaboutglobalwarminginthefirstparagraph?

  A)Itmaynotproveanenvironmentalcrisisatall.

  B)Itisanissuerequiringworldwidecommitments.

  C)Seriousstepshavebeentakentoavoidorstopit.

  D)Verylittlewillbedonetobringitundercontrol.

  58.Accordingtotheauthor'sunderstanding,whatisA1Gore'sviewonglobalwarming?

  A)Itisarealitybothpeopleandpoliticiansareunawareof.

  B)Itisaphenomenonthatcausesusmanyinconveniences.

  C)Itisaproblemthatcanbesolvedonceitisrecognized.

  D)Itisanareaweactuallyhavelittleknowledgeabout.

  59.Greenhouseemissionswillmorethandoubleby2050becauseof___.

  A)economicgrowth

  B)wastefuluseofenergy

  C)thewideninggapbetweentherichandpoor

  D)therapidadvancesofscienceandtechnology

  60.Theauthorbelievesthat,sincethesigningoftheKyotoProtocol,____.

  A)politicianshavestartedtodosomethingtobetterthesituation

  B)fewnationshaveadoptedrealtoughmeasurestolimitenergyuse

  C)reductionsinenergyconsumptionhavegreatlycutbackglobalwarming

  D)internationalcooperationhascontributedtosolvingenvoronmentalproblems

  61.Whatisthemessagetheauthorintendstoconvey?

  A)Globalwarmingismoreofamoralissuethanapracticalone.

  B)Theultimatesolutiontoglobalwarmingliesinnewtechnology.

  C)Thedebateoverglobalwarmingwillleadtotechnologicalbreakthroughs.

  D)Peoplehavetogiveupcertainmaterialcomfortstostopglobalwarming.

  

   PassageTwo

  Question62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

  Somedayasirangerwillreadyoure-mailwithoutyourpermissionorscantheWebsiteyou'vevisited,Orperhapssomeonewillcasuallyglancethroughyourcreditcardpurchasesorcellphonebillstofindoutyourshoppingpreferencesorcallinghabits.

  Infact,it'slikelysomeofthesethingshavealreadyhappenedtoyou.Whowouldwatchyouwithoutyourpermission?

Itmightbeaspouse,agirlfriend,amarketingcompany,aboss,acoporacriminal.Whoeveritis,theywillseeyouinawayyouneverintendedtobeseen-the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked.

  Psychologiststellusboundariesarehealthy,thatit'simportanttorevealyourselftofriends,familyandloversinstages,atappropriatetimes.Butfewboundariesremain.Thedigitalbreadcrumbs(碎屑)youleaveeverywheremakeiteasyforstrangerstoreconstructwhoyouare,whereyouareandwhatyoulike.Insomecases,asimpleGooglesearchcanrevealwhatyouthink.Likeitornot,increasinglyweliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret.

  Thekeyquestionis:

Doesthatmatter?

  FormanyAmericans,theanswerapparentlyis"no."

  WhenopinionpollsaskAmericansaboutprivacy,mostsaytheyareconcernedaboutlosingit.Asurveyfoundanoverwhelmingpessimismaboutprivacy,with60percentofrespondentssayingtheyfeeltheirprivacyis"slippingaway,andthatbothersme."

  Butpeoplesayonethinganddoanother.OnlyatinyfractionofAmericanschangeanybehaviorsinanefforttopreservetheirprivacy.Fewpeopleturndownadiscountattollbooths(收费站)toavoidusingtheEZ-Passsystemthatcantrackautomobilemovements.Andfewturndownsupermarketloyaltycards.PrivacyeconomistAlessandroAcauistihasrunaseriesofteststhatrevealpeoplewillsurrenderpersonalinformationlikeSocailSecuritynumbersjusttogettheirhandsonapitiful50-cents-offcoupon(优惠卷)。

  Butprivacydoesmatter-atleastsometimes.It'slikehealth:

Whenyouhaveit,youdon'tnoticeit.Onlywhenit'sgonedoyouwishyou'ddonemoretoprotectit.

  62.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"the21stcenturyequivalentofbeingcaughtnaked"(Lines3-4,Para.2)?

  A)People'spersonalinformationiseasilyaccessedwithouttheirknowledge.

  B)Inthe21stcenturypeopletryeverymeanstolookintoothers'secrets.

  C)Peopletendtobemorefrankwitheachotherintheinformationage.

  D)Criminalsareeasilycaughtonthespotwithadvancedtechnology.

  63.Whatwouldpsychologistsadviseontherelationshipsbetweenfriends?

  A)Friendsshouldopentheirheartstoeachother.

  B)Friendsshouldalwaysbefaithfultoeachother.

  C)Thereshouldbeadistanceevenbetweenfriends.

  D)Thereshouldbefewerdisputesbetweenfriends.

  64.Whydoestheauthorsay"weliveinaworldwhereyousimplycannotkeepasecret"(Line5,para.3)

  A)Modernsocietyhasfinallyevolvedintoanopensociety.

  B)Peopleleavetracesaroundwhenusingmoderntechnology.

  C)Therearealwayspeoplewhoarecuriousaboutothers'affairs.

  D)Manysearchenginespr

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