阅读技巧示范篇题目定位+逻辑简图.docx

阅读技巧示范篇题目定位+逻辑简图.docx

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阅读技巧示范篇题目定位+逻辑简图

阅读技巧示范篇——题目定位＋逻辑简图

1）TworecentpublicationsofferdifferentassessmentofthecareerofthefamousBritishnurseFlorenceNightingale.（主题句，由此句和三段首句可知本文是结论解释型文章，即主要特点是总分式）AbookbyAnneSummers（观点之一）seekstodebunk（负评价的实义动词）theidealizationsandpresentareality（正评价词）atoddswithNightingale’sheroicreputation.AccordingtoSummers,Nightingale’simportanceduringtheCrimeanWar（和观点二比较的差别点）hasbeenexaggerated（负评价的实义动词）:

notuntilnearthewar’senddidshebecomesupervisorofthefemalenurses.Additionally,（递进副词，表示行文方向一致，因此后面内容可以略读，仅提炼关键词即可，或不读）Summerswritesthatthecontributionofthenursestothereliefofthewoundedwasatbestmarginal.Theprevailingproblemsofmilitarymedicinewerecausedbyarmyorganizaitonalpratices,andtheadditionofafewnursestothemedicalstaffcouldbenomorethansymbolic.Nightingale’splaceinthenationalpantheon,Summersasserts,islrgelyduetothepropagandisticeffortsofcontemporarynewspaperreporters.（以上略读）

2）Bycontrast（重要的强转折词，注意对比方/观点的差异点）,theeditors（对比观点二）ofanewvolumeofNightingale’slettersviewNightingaleasapersonwhosignificantlyinfluenced（正评价词）notonlyherownagebutalsosubsequenctgenerations.Theyhighlightherongoingeffortstoreformsanitaryconditionsafterthewar（观点二比较的差别点，和观点一中duringtheCrimeanWar对比，这一句是后面举例的总结句，重要，知道总结句可以不用看后面的例子。

）.Forexample,（举例通常可以略读，只提取例子中的关键词，如peacetimelivingconditions，举例的关键看前后的总结句，这里是forexample前面的一句话，因为例子都是用来说明总结句的，只要明白总结句的意思就行了。

）whensheleanredthatpeacetimelivingconditionsinBritishbarracksweresohorriblethatthedeathrateofenlistedmenfarexeededthatofneighboringcivilianpopulations,shesucceededinpersuadingthegovernmenttoestablishaRoyalCommissionontheHealthoftheArmy.Sheusedsumsraisedthroughpubliccontributionstofoundanurses’traninghospitalinLondon.Eveninadministrativematters,theeditorsassert,herpracticalintelligencewasformidable:

asrecentlyas1947theBritishArmy’smedicalserviceswerestillusingthecost-accountingsystemshehaddevisedinthe1860’s.（以上略读）

3）Ibelievethattheevidenceofherletterssupports（正评价词）continuedrespectforNightingale’sbrillianceandcreativity（正评价词）.（总结句后举例说明，提取关键字，略读）Whencounselingavillageschoolmastertoencouragechildrentousetheirfacultiesofobservation,shesoundslikeamoderneducator.Herinsistenceonclassifyingtheproblemsoftheneedyinordertodeviseappropriatetreatmentsissimilartotheapproachofmodernsocialworkers.（以上略读）Insum（文章最后一句话通常要仔细读，此处为总结句）,although（让步略读，重点是让步后的转折句）NightingalemaynothaveachievedallofhergoalsduringtheCrimeanWar,herbreadthofvisionandabilitytorealizeambitiousprojectshaveearned（正评价词）heraneminent（正评价词）placeamongtheranksofsocialpioneers.（重点读，表明作者对以上两个不同观点的评述）

题目：

注意我怎么定位的，题干、选项和原文原句的对应线索我用相同颜色标注，题干中的定位依据的关键词我用下划线标注：

73.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwithevaluating

（A）theimportanceofFlorenceNightingale’sinnovationsinthefieldofnursing

（B）contrastingapproachestothewritingofhistoricalbiography

（C）contradictoryaccountsofFlorenceNightingale’shistoricalsignificance

（D）thequalityofhealthcareinnineteenth-centuryEngland

（E）theeffectoftheCrimeanWarondevelopmentsinthefieldofhealthcare

主题题，直接定位首段首句主题句：

TworecentpublicationsofferdifferentassessmentofthecareerofthefamousBritishnurseFlorenceNightingale

74.Accordingtothepassage,theeditors（定位在观点二出现段）ofNightingale’sletterscredit（正评价的实义动词，将定位进一步限制在观点二中的正评价处，即找贡献）herwithcontributingtowhichofthefollowing?

（A）ImprovingofthesurvivalrateforsoldiersinBritishArmyhospitalsduringtheCrimeanWar（时间状语为观点一的内容，观点二的比较点在afterthewar，大胆排除）

（B）Thedevelopmentofanurses’trainingcurriculum（原文未出现，排除）thatwasfarinadvanceofitsday

（C）Theincreaseinthenumberofwomendoctors（原文未出现，排除）practicinginBritishArmyhospitals

（D）Establishmentofthefirst（极端词文章没有，选项出现，排除！

）facilityfortraiingnursesatamajorBritishuniversity

（E）ThecreationofanorganizationformonitoringthepeacetimelivingconditionsofBritishsoldiers

原文对应：

shesucceededinpersuadingthegovernmenttoestablishaRoyalCommissionontheHealthoftheArmy.

直接事实题，定位在2）段，forexample后具体内容中，此题重点在于对于文中未出现的信息的果断排除，千万不要超出文章半步的猜测。

75.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingaboutNightingale’srelationshipwiththeBritishpublic（定位在二段举例中，观点一或其他段落未谈到）ofherday?

（A）Shewashighlyrespected,herprojectsreceivingpopularandgovernmentalsupport.

（B）Sheencounteredresistancebothfromthearmyestablishmentandthegeneralpublic.

（C）Shewassupportedbytheworkingclassesandopposedbythewealthierclasses.

（D）Shewassupportedbythemilitaryestablishmentbuthadtofightthegovernmentalbureaucracy.

（E）Afterintiallybeingreceivedwithenthusiams,shewasquicklyforgotten.

Sheusedsumsraisedthroughpubliccontributionstofound