阅读技巧示范篇题目定位+逻辑简图.docx

1、阅读技巧示范篇题目定位+逻辑简图阅读技巧示范篇题目定位逻辑简图 1）Two recent publications offer different assessment of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale.（主题句，由此句和三段首句可知本文是结论解释型文章，即主要特点是总分式）A book by Anne Summers （观点之一）seeks to debunk （负评价的实义动词）the idealizations and present areality（正评价词）at odds with Nigh

2、tingales heroic reputation. According to Summers, Nightingales importance during the Crimean War（和观点二比较的差别点） has beenexaggerated（负评价的实义动词）: not until near the wars end did she become supervisor of the female nurses. Additionally, （递进副词，表示行文方向一致，因此后面内容可以略读，仅提炼关键词即可，或不读）Summers writes that the contrib

3、ution of the nurses to the relief of the wounded was at best marginal. The prevailing problems of military medicine were caused by army organizaitonal pratices, and the addition of a few nurses to the medical staff could be no more than symbolic. Nightingales place in the national pantheon, Summers

4、asserts, is lrgely due to the propagandistic efforts of contemporary newspaper reporters.（以上略读）2）By contrast（重要的强转折词，注意对比方/观点的差异点）, the editors （对比观点二）of a new volume of Nightingales letters view Nightingale as a person who significantly influenced（正评价词） not only her own age but also subsequenct gen

5、erations. They highlight her ongoing efforts to reform sanitary conditionsafter the war（观点二比较的差别点，和观点一中during the Crimean War对比，这一句是后面举例的总结句，重要，知道总结句可以不用看后面的例子。）. For example,（举例通常可以略读，只提取例子中的关键词，如peacetime living conditions，举例的关键看前后的总结句，这里是for example 前面的一句话，因为例子都是用来说明总结句的，只要明白总结句的意思就行了。 ） when she

6、 leanred that peacetime living conditions in British barracks were so horrible that the death rate of enlisted men far exeeded that of neighboring civilian populations, she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commission on the Health of the Army. She used sums raised through

7、public contributions to found a nurses traning hospital in London. Even in administrative matters, the editors assert, her practical intelligence was formidable: as recently as 1947 the British Armys medical services were still using the cost-accounting system she had devised in the 1860s.（以上略读）3）I

8、believe that the evidence of her letters supports（正评价词） continued respect for Nightingales brilliance and creativity（正评价词）. （总结句后举例说明，提取关键字，略读）When counseling a village schoolmaster to encourage children to use their faculties of observation, she sounds like a modern educator. Her insistence on clas

9、sifying the problems of the needy in order to devise appropriate treatments is similar to the approach of modern social workers.（以上略读）In sum（文章最后一句话通常要仔细读，此处为总结句）, although （让步略读，重点是让步后的转折句）Nightingale may not have achieved all of her goals during the Crimean War, her breadth of vision and ability t

10、o realize ambitious projects haveearned（正评价词） her aneminent（正评价词） place among the ranks of social pioneers.（重点读，表明作者对以上两个不同观点的评述）题目：注意我怎么定位的，题干、选项和原文原句的对应线索我用相同颜色标注，题干中的定位依据的关键词我用下划线标注：73. The passage is primarily concerned with evaluating(A) the importance of Florence Nightingales innovations in th

11、e field of nursing(B) contrasting approaches to the writing of historical biography(C) contradictory accounts of Florence Nightingales historical significance(D) the quality of health care in nineteenth-century England(E) the effect of the Crimean War on developments in the field of health care主题题，直

12、接定位首段首句主题句：Two recent publications offer different assessment of the career of the famous British nurse Florence Nightingale74. According to the passage, the editors（定位在观点二出现段） of Nightingales letters credit（正评价的实义动词，将定位进一步限制在观点二中的正评价处，即找贡献） her with contributing to which of the following?(A) Improv

13、ing of the survival rate for soldiers in British Army hospitals during the Crimean War（时间状语为观点一的内容，观点二的比较点在after the war，大胆排除）(B) The development of a nurses training curriculum （原文未出现，排除）that was far in advance of its day(C) The increase in the number of women doctors （原文未出现，排除）practicing in Britis

14、h Army hospitals(D) Establishment of the first （极端词文章没有，选项出现，排除！）facility for traiing nurses at a major British university(E) The creation of an organization for monitoring the peacetime living conditions of British soldiers原文对应：she succeeded in persuading the government to establish a Royal Commiss

15、ion on the Health of the Army.直接事实题，定位在2）段，for example 后具体内容中，此题重点在于对于文中未出现的信息的果断排除，千万不要超出文章半步的猜测。75. The passage suggests which of the following about Nightingales relationship with the British public（定位在二段举例中，观点一或其他段落未谈到） of her day?(A) She was highly respected, her projects receiving popular and

16、governmental support.(B) She encountered resistance both from the army establishment and the general public.(C) She was supported by the working classes and opposed by the wealthier classes.(D) She was supported by the military establishment but had to fight the governmental bureaucracy.(E) After intially being received with enthusiams, she was quickly forgotten.She used sums raised through public contributions to found