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机械外文文献翻译
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MechanicalTechnologyintherubberindustryoutlinedintheapplication
Inthedevelopmentofhumansocietyisthemodernprocess.RubberIndustriesisanindispensableEconomy,TradeandIndustry.Intherubberindustryinthedevelopmentofrubbertechnologyandrubbermachinery(orelectromechanical)totheprogressanddevelopmentoftechnologyplayedanimportantroleinpromotingthis.Thedevelopmentofrubberindustry,rubberandrubbermachineryindustrytechnologyconstitutesoftechnicalrubberproductsallthetechnicalprocessandindustrialtechnologysystem.In1820bytheBritishmadethehuman-drivensingle-rollerrubbermixingmachine.1826twin-rollDrumopenrubbermixingmachineintoproductionbeginningofthehumanrubbermachineryproductionprelude.Sofar,humansocietyhasbeentheapplicationofrubbermachinery180yearsofhistory.
Since1839.Aseriesofrubbermachineryandequipmentwillcomeout,inadditiontotheapplicationofvulcanizedrubbervulcanizationfacilities,andotherrubbermachinery,suchasplungerhoseextrusionmachine(1858),screwextruder(1879),rubberrollingmill(1843~1900),Closedrubbermixingmachine(1916)rubbermachineryandequipment.Atthattime,hasspenttherubberindustryproductionprocess,thepromotionofthedevelopmentofrubberindustryhasplayedafacilitatingrole.
1904,leadoxide,magnesiumoxide,suchasthediscoveryofinorganiccuringagent,inparticular1919organictofideD,thediscoveryanduseofM,andfurtherpromotetheimprovementofproductionefficiencyhasgreatlyimprovedtheperformanceoftheuseofrubberproducts,expandeduse.1920accessionthecarbonblacktorubber,makesrubberproductswouldbeanoverallimprovementinperformanceandimprovement.Therefore,theapplicationofcarbonblackinrubberisimprovetheindustryandpromotingtheprogressandall-rounddevelopment.Intheearly20thcenturyandthemiddleoftheSovietUnion,theUnitedStates,Britain,Germany,Franceandothercountries,hasinventedasyntheticrubberindustrialtechnologies,andtheestablishmentofaseriesofsyntheticrubberproductionequipmentandfactories.Coupledwiththeregion'snaturalrubberproductionoflarge-scaleresourcesforthemankindmodernrubberindustryopenedupthecomprehensivedevelopmentofthematerialresourcebase.
Isahighlyflexiblerubbertypicalmaterials,itsphysicalpropertiesareverycomplicated.Mostoftheprocessingofrubbermoldingprocessaresimilartothemeltflowanddeformationprocess,butalsointheprocessingofrubberproducts,theHealthandplastictogothroughplasticnecklace,mixing,pressure-type,shape,curingprocessprocedures,inordertobecomeproducts.Inthemodernchemicalproducts,suchasrubber,plastics,paints,fibers,lubricants,ceramics,andothersimilarmaterialproductionandengineeringapplications,thecomplexityofitsmechanicalproperties.Purelybasedontheelasticity,viscosityorplasticitytheorycannotmeetthesematerialsprocessingrequirementsofthedeformationprocess.Sobasedonthenatureofthecomplexmechanicsoftheresearchtopic-theologicaltheorywillbereferredtothenewhumanresearchsubjectsontheagenda.1928,theUnitedStatessetupthe"EvolutionSociety",1940,theBritishsetupthetheologicalClub(laterrenamedtheInstituteofEvolution).Inaddition,theNetherlands,WestGermany,France,JapanandothercountrieshavealsosetupacorrespondingflowInstitute.1948convenetheInternationalSocietyofTheology.In1953theestablishmentoftheInternationalAssociationoftheologyishold.Sincethenoneinvolvingappliedmathematics,physics,elasticity,thematerialmechanics,fluidmechanics,geology,engineeringandothersubjectsonthevergeofdisciplines-haveemergedtheology,andgraduallyhasbeenextensivelyapplied.Theologynotonlyintherubber,plastics,coatings,printing,Portland,foodstuffs,andotherindustrialproductionhasbeenextensivelyapplied,butalsotoinfrastructure,machinery,transport,irrigation,chemicalindustryandmanyotherindustrialsectors:
involvesmanysubstancesfromsolidtoliquidprocesses.Theologymadeintherubberindustry.Widelyusedintheprocessingofrubbermoldingproductsresearchandapplication.Suchasrubbermixing、rolling、extrusion、injectionmoldingandotherprocesses.Becauseofitsmacromolecularpolymerchainstructureandmovementcharacteristicsofthephysicalstategatheredonshowingfourkindsofphysicalstate:
acrystallineandnon-crystalline3crystalline(glassstate,high-elasticstate,viscousflowstate).Rubberinnormalcircumstancesistheuseofhigh-elasticstate.Inthecourseofprocessingmoldingviscousflowstate,inthevulcanizedonlybasictreatmentbeforelosingmobility,andahighflexibilitybasedelasticmaterial.
Becauseofthelate19thcenturyandearly20thcentury,thetheoryofrubberisexplorationandtheprinciplesoftheinvention.Especiallytheologyandapplicationofthetheoreticalstudyofthedevelopmentofrubberindustrymakes,whetherinthefiller,vulcanizationaccelerator,orintheprocessprincipleaspectshaveundergoneprofoundchanges.Onthedevelopmentoftherubberindustryisaqualitativechange.Atthesametime,allkindsofrubbermachineryalsomadegreatprogressanddevelopment.Atthattime,notonlythenamesmanyrubbermachinery,anditsstructure,specifications,varieties,andsohadbeenreachedacertainlevelofthescale,fine,andthedegreeofautomationandlinkage.Ifrubbermechanicaltransmissionpowertohundredsoftothousandsofkilowattsstemwatts,whichweightmachinestoafewhundredtons.Rubberproductsintheprocessofproductionplasticnecklace,mixing,rolling,extrusion,molding,intheprocessofcuringsixhaveacompletematchingofmechanicaldevices.
Compoundrubbermachineryindustryisoneofthebasicequipment.Atpresentproductionmachinerytoopendozensofrubbermixing.Healthglueusedplasticnecklace,plasticmaterialmixing;pressedforthecompressionmachineforplastic,decorticatingmachinecompoundmainlyusedforpreheatingandplastic;crusherforcrushingsuchasnaturalrubber,removeplasticwashingmachineforHealthandplasticwastecompoundimpurities;millmainlyusedforwasteplasticblockgrinding;refiningmachineusedtoremovethehardplasticrenewableimpurities;reclaimedrubbermixingmachine,mainlyforthereclaimedrubberpinch;breathingmachineforplasticpressurebreathingFilmcompression;crepe-pressuremachine,mainlyforcrepe-compression;experimentalrubbermixingmachine,themaincompoundusedinasmallnumberofexperiments,etc..
Rubberrollingmill,whichisrubberproductsprocessingintheprocessofoneofthebasicequipment.Since1843three-rollcalendarapplication,wehave160yearsofdevelopmenthistory.Fromthemoderntomodernspecificationsandvariousnewcalendarwillcontinuetoemerge,itsspecifications,speed,semiproductofhighaccuracy,ahighdegreeofautomationmachinery,themachineryhasbecomethemoderncalendarofthemainstructuralfeatures.Atpresentproductionlargestcalendarhasreachedmorethanφ1055×3000(mm),rollerlinespeedofupto120(m/min)above,thesemi-finishedcalendarhasreacheditsthicknesserrorwithin±0.0025(mm).Andachievefullelectroniccontrolofthecomputerandautomationlevel.
TheClosedCompound(mixer),rubberandplasticmixingrefiningisoneofthemainequipment.Thedevelopmentofmodernmixer,ahigh-speed,high-pressureandhigh-performancecharacteristics,andisdividedintolow-speed(20totherotorspeed/min),thevelocity(speedof30to40~/min)andhigh-speed(60tospeed/min)3.Inrecentyearsalsoappeartospeedinthe80/mixerathighspeedoverarmed
Rubberextruder(screwextruder),theworld'sfirstsince1879-screwextruderSincethebirthofallkindsofscrewextrudermachineryinalargenumberofdifferentvarietieshavebeensupportingcompletespecificationhasbeenadaptedtodifferentproductperformancecharacteristicsoftherequest.Ifpressureextrusionmachine,mainlyfortheshapeofthesemi-finishedproduction;filterplasticextrusionmachineforremovingplasticmixandtheHealthandtheimpurity;plasticextrusionmachineforthecontinuousplasticglueHealth:
granulationextrudersforplasticcompoundandtheHealthandthegranulation;compressionextruder.Tocompoundthepressureplate;desulfurizationrenewableplasticextruderforthedesulfurization:
extrusiondehydrationmixingrubberextruderfordehydrationandregenerationplasticdry:
Cableextruderforthecablecoatedmolding;rowGasextruder.Themixingcompoundgotoutoftheairandwaterandvolatilecompounds,suchaslow-molecular-weight.Thesespecificationscompleteextrusionmachinery,thedevelopmentoftherubberindustryandwascredited.Ithasbecomethedrivingforceoftherubberproductsprocessingandoptimizationoftheequipment.InjectionMoldingMachine,alsoknownastheNotePress,mainlyfortheproductionofrubbermoldedproducts.Notepressuremachinery,itsstructure,isdividedintohorizontalinjectionpress,verticalinjectionpress,injectionmachineandtheMulti-PositionPressNote4.Presseachnoteisdividedintomanydifferentsizesofthespecifications.
Tirerubberindustryisthelargestnumberoneproduct.Whetherrawmaterialsfromtheuseofrubberandrubberproducts,putoutofrubberproductswhichoccupythelion'sshareofthemarket,consumeabout80%ofthevolumeofrubberresources.Therefore,thetiremoldingmachineryisalsoimportant.Sincetheinventionofpneumatictirein1888,withthedevelopmentoftheautomobileindustry,variousspecification