Unit 3Understanding each other.docx
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Unit3Understandingeachother
Unit3Understandingeachother
Unit3
Understandingeachother
●
GrammarandUsage
Step1:
Generalintroduction
Thegrammaritemsinthisunitfocusonunrealconditionals.Unrealconditionalsareusedtoexpressaconditionorsituationthatisnotrealorisimaginary.youshouldpayattentiontotheformsofthepredicateverbsindifferenttenseswhenyouusesentencesinunrealconditionals.youareexpectedtouseunrealconditionalsandhowtouseunrealconditionalscorrectly.
Step2:
Explanation
.Readthefollowingsentences.
Ifmyhusbandhadn’tbeencaughtintherain,hewouldnothavegotafever.
NothingwouldhavehappenedtohimifhehadnotvisitedhisfriendonSaturday
IfIwereyou,IwouldnothavevisitedthefriendonSaturday.
Intheabovesentences,whathasbeensaidisunreal.Theverbformslikethesecanalsobe
calledthesubjunctive.canyoufindoutinwhatcasestheunrealconditionalsareused?
Andcanyousaythesentencesinanotherway,notusingtheunrealconditionals?
Sampleanswers
myhusbandwascaughtintherain,sohegotafever.
HevisitedhisfriendonSaturday,sosomethinghappenedtohim.
Iamnotyou,soIvisitedthefriendonSaturday.
2.ReadPoint4toseehowtoformunrealconditionalsofthepresent,
pastoffuturetime.Usethethreestructurestotranslatesomesentences.
如果我是一个学生，我将更加努力地学习。
如果你昨天去听音乐会的话，你将会遇到她了。
如果明天下雨的话，会议将会推迟。
Sampleanswers
IfIwereadoctor,Iwouldsaveherlifewithouthesitation.
Ifyouhadgonetotheconcertyesterday,youwouldhavemether.
Ifitrainedtomorrow,themeeting
wouldbeputoff.
3.PleasereadPoint3andyouwillfindoutonlyshould,wereorhadcanbeusedintheinversion.changethefollowingsentencesintotheirnormalorderandcomparethedifferencesbetweenthetwotypesofsentences.
Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoouting.
Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemetmysister.
wereyoutotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.
Answers
Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoouting.
Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemetmysister.
Ifyouweretotakethetrain,youwouldbetheremuchsooner.
Forreference
动词的语气——虚拟语气
一、语气的定义和种类
l、语气：
语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：
陈述语气:
表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。
如：
wearenotready.我们没准备好。
whatafinedayitis!
多好的天气啊!
祈使语气:
表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。
如:
openthedoor,please。
请打开门。
虚拟语气:
表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。
如:
IfIwereyou,IshouldstudyEnglish.如果我是你，我就学英语了。
mayyousucceed!
祝您成功！
二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。
如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。
在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。
如:
Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgotothepark.如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。
如:
Ifhehadseenyouyesterday,hewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。
在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。
现将虚拟条件从句和主句的动词形式列表如下:
从
句
主
句
与现在事实相反
动词的过去式（be的过去式一般用were）
would/should/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反
had+过去分词
would/should/could/might+have+过去分词
与将来事实相反
动词过去式，should+动词原形，wereto+动词原形
would/should/could/might+动词原形
注:
主句中的should只用于I、we，但在美国英语中，should常被would代替；从句中的should可用于各种人称。
l.表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果。
如:
Ifmybrotherwerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥哥在这儿,一切都没问题了。
2.表示与过去事实相反的假设和结果。
如:
Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice，youwouldn't
havefailedintheexam.如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会考试不及格。
3.表示与将来事实可能相反的假设和结果。
如:
IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould
gotoseemygrandmother.如果明天是星期天，我就去看望我奶奶。
Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。
4.在条件句中如果出现were,had,should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：
Hadthedoctorcomelastnight,theboywouldhavesaved.
wereItogotothemoononeday,Iwouldseeitwithmyowneyes.
Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldstayathome.
Forreference
Relativeitemsinrecentyears’collegeentranceexamination:
．Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.you_____homewithoutaword.
A.mustn'tleave
B.shouldn'thaveleft
c.couldn'thaveleft
D.needn'tleave
2．—Howdoyou___wegotoBeijingforourholidays?
—Ithinkwe’dbetterflythere.It’smuchmorecomfortable.
A.insist
B.want
c.suppose
D.suggest
3.Ihavelostoneofmygloves.I
itsomewhere.
A.mustdrop
B.musthavedropped
c.mustbedropping
D.musthavebeendropped
4.Elizarememberseverythingexactlyasifit___yesterday.
A.washappening
B.happens
c.hashappened
D.happened
5._______fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.
A.wouldyoube
B.Shouldyoube
c.couldyoube
D.mightyoube
keys:
1-5BDBDB
Step3:
practice
.ReadthedialoguebetweenmaLiandyeFeionpage40andfillineachblankwiththeproperverbform.
Answers
went
wouldexpect
went
wouldgive
went
wouldsee
did
wouldbe
hadtraveled
wouldhavefound
went
wouldtake
had
wouldjoin
wouldknow
2.Readtheinstructionsandthearticlesonpage41andunderline
thesentenceswhichuseunrealconditionals.
Answers
Inmyyouth,ifIcouldhavetraveledtoanothercountry,Iwouldhave,butIhadtowork,asourfamilywasverypoorandneededanotherwage.ThatmeantIcouldnotfinishmyeducation.maLi,educationisveryimportant.Agoodeducationwillhelpyousucceed.Shouldyougetintouniversityinthefuture,youwouldhavetogoandtaketheopportunity.Thiswillenableyoutogetagoodjob.HadIhadthechance,Iwouldhavereallyenjoyedit.IthinkIwouldhavestudiedmedicine.Ifyoushouldgetthechancetogooverseas,thenyoushouldtakeit.Ithinkitisveryimportanttotrytounderstandasmuchabouttheworldaspossibleandtravelhelpsyoutodothat.Hopefullyyoumightbecomeasuccessfulbusinesspersonoraconsultantsomeday.wereyoutodothat,youwouldcertainlyhaveourapprovalandwewouldallbevery
proudofyou.Iamanldmannow,butIstillhaveanambitiontotraveltoBeijingoneday.ShouldIgettoBeijing,IwouldvisittheForbiddencitywheretheemperorsoncelived.ButIwonder,maLi,hadIhadmoreopportunitieswhenIwasgrowingup,wouldIhavebeenashappyasIamnow?
Step4:
consolidation
I.multiplechoice
.IfI____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.
A.knew,would
B.hadknown,wouldhavesent
c.know,wouldsend
D.knew,wouldhavesent
2.maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she____absentfromschool.
A.werenotill;wouldn'tbe
B.hadbeenill;wouldn'thavebeen
c.hadbeenill;shouldhavebeen
D.hadn'tbeenill;
couldbe
3.Ifyouhadenoughmoney,what________?
A.willyoubuy
B.wouldyoubuy
c.wouldyouhavebought
D.willyouhavebought
4.wereItodoit,I________itsomeotherway.
A.willdo
B.woulddo
c.wouldhavedone
D.weretodo
5.I________himtheanswer________possible,butIwassobusythen.
A.couldtell;ifithadbeen
B.musthavetold;wereit
c.shouldhavetold;haditbeen
D.shouldhavetold;shoulditbe
6.youdidn'ttakehisadvice.________hisadvice,you________suchamistake.
A.Hadyoutaken;wouldn'thavemade
B.Ifyouhadtaken;wouldmake
c.wereyoulotake;shouldn’thavemade
D.Haveyoutaken;wonthavemade
7.Ifhe_____,he______thatfood.
----Luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.
A.waswarned;wouldnottake
B.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetaken
c.wouldbewarned;hadnottaken
D.wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken
8.Ididn'tseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_________,shewouldhavemetmybrother.
A.hascome
B.didcome
c.came
D.hadcome
9.janewouldneverhavegonetotheparty________thatmarywouldcometoseeher.
A.hassheknown
B.hadsheknown
c.ifsheknow
D.ifshehasknown
0.Ididn’tknowhistelephonenumber.____it,I____then.
A.HadIknown,wouldringhimup
B.ShouldIknow,wouldhaverunghimup
c.IfIknew;wouldringhimup
D.Had
Iknown;wouldhaverunghimup
II.Translation
.如果你听了医生的话，你早就恢复健康了。
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2．如果没有虚拟语气，英语就容易多了。
3．如果她更加努力的话，她就成功了。
———————————————————————————————————————
4．万一他不来，你就代替他。
5．如果我是你，我就不回这个电话。
———————————————————————————————————————
6．如果我的女儿不忙的话，她就会来帮助你。
———————————————————————————————————————
keys
I.
—5BAcBc
6—10ABDBD
II.
.Ifyouhadlistenedtothedoctor,youwouldhavealreadyrecovered.
2.Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,Englishwouldbemucheasier.
3.Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.
4.Shouldhenotcome,youwouldtakehisplace.
5.IfIwereyou,Iwouldn't
returnthecall.
6.weremydaughternotsobusy,shewouldcometohelpyou.
升级会员 