届新高考版英语主题一轮复习讲义主题7 生命 阅读强化.docx

届新高考版英语主题一轮复习讲义主题7 生命 阅读强化.docx

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届新高考版英语主题一轮复习讲义主题7生命阅读强化

阅读理解

　　阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

Passage1

（2019河南天一大联考Ⅴ,D）

Youcanrelaxifrememberingeverythingisn'tyourstrongsuit.Recentresearchmakesthecasethatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.

Traditionalresearchonmemoryhasfocusedontheadvantagesofrememberingeverything.Butlookingthroughyearsofrecentmemorydata,researchersfoundthattheneurobiologyofforgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecision-makingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.

Makingintelligentdecisionsdoesn'tmeanyouneedtohavealltheinformationathand.Itjustmeansyouneedtoholdontothemostvaluableinformation.Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostup-to-dateinformationonclientsandsituations.Ourbrainsdothisbycreatingnewneurons（神经元）inourhippocampus,whichhavethepowertooverwrite（重写）existingmemoriesthatareinfluencingourdecision-making.

Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinourbrain'slearningregion,tryexercising.Someaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalkingandswimminghasbeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.

Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsordetailsaboutoldjobs,thebrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdon'tmatter.Althoughtoomuchforgetfulnesscanbeacauseforconcern,theoccasionallostdetailcanbeasignofaperfectlyhealthymemorysystem.Theresearchersfoundthatourbrainsfacilitatedecision-makingbystoppingusfromfocusingtoomuchonunimportantpastdetails.Instead,thebrainhelpsusrememberthemostimportantpartofaconversation.

Wecangetblamedforbeingabsent-mindedwhenweforgetpasteventsinperfectdetail.Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecall（记忆）canbeovervalued.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.

1.Howcanwehelpourbrainsproducemoreneurons?

A.Byhavingdeepsleepfrequently.

B.Bypracticingswimmingregularly.

C.Bydoingmentallaborrepeatedly.

D.Bylearningnewskillsconstantly.

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“facilitate”underlinedinParagraph5?

A.Postpone.B.Repeat.

C.Promote.D.Abuse.

3.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetext?

A.Memorylossiswellworthnoticing.

B.Decisionscan'tbemadewithoutmemories.

C.Weshouldn'tstresstotalrecalltoomuch.

D.Forgettingisevenmoreimportantthanremembering.

4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Caution:

doremembertoforget

B.Whyandhowpeoplechoosetoforget

C.Wanttobecomesmarter?

Learntoforget

D.Beingforgetfulmightmeanyouaresmarter

答案

[语篇解读]　本文为说明文。

最新的研究表明:

健忘可能是一种优势,事实上,选择性记忆甚至可能是高智商的标志。

1.B　细节理解题。

本题题干意为:

我们如何帮助我们的大脑产生更多的神经元?

根据文章第四段中的“Someaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalkingandswimminghasbeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneurons...”（已经发现诸如慢跑、劲走、游泳之类的有氧运动可增加神经元的数量……）可知答案为B项。

A:

通过时常深睡眠;C:

通过反复做脑力劳动;D:

通过不断学习新技能。

2.C　猜测词义题。

本题题干意为:

下面哪个词可以最好地替代第五段中的画线词“facilitate”?

根据画线词前面的（偶尔忘记细节可能表明记忆系统是非常健康的）可推知画线句应为:

研究人员发现我们的大脑通过阻止我们过分关注过去的一些不重要的细节而推动（promote）决策。

综上所述,本题答案为C项。

A:

推迟;B:

重复;D:

滥用。

3.C　推理判断题。

本题题干意为:

我们可从文中做出什么结论?

根据题干中的conclusion可推知本题答案区间在最后一段。

根据文章最后一段中的“Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeovervalued.”（这些发现向我们表明:

完全记忆的能力可能会被高估。

）可知答案为C项（我们不应该太强调完全记忆）。

4.D　主旨要义题。

通读全文尤其是根据文章第一段中的“...beingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.”可知答案为D项。

本文主要是告诉我们:

健忘可能意味着你更聪明,而并没有告诉我们要学会忘记,故排除C项。

Passage2

　　Semi-retiredadvertisingagencyownerStephenThomas,58,hasbeeninvestingonandoffforthepast30years.HemademoneyinthedotcomboombutgothisfingersburntwhenthebubbleburstinMarch2000.Whenhegotaccesstohispensionhedecidedtostartinvestingagain,thistimewiththehelpofhissonSam.

NowthetwomeetupmostafternoonsatStephen'shomeinSandbach,Cheshiretotalkaboutinvestments.Thedaystartsat7amwhenSamlooksatcompanyannouncementsonline.Theseregulatoryannouncementscanincludeafirm'saccounts,generalupdatesornewsofmergers（合并）oracquisitions（收购）.Samflagsupcompaniesthathethinkslookinterestingtohisdadwhothendoessomemoreresearch. 

EachhasanISA（IndividualSavingsAccount）withAJBell,whichtheyusetobuyindividualstocksandshares.ItisariskywaytoinvestbutthetwolikedoingtheirownresearchoncompaniesandStephenmakesanefforttogotoinvestorpresentations（报告）andtrytomeettheCEOanddirectorsofthefirmstheyinvestinandtospeaktootherinvestorsinthecompanies.

Theyhaveinvestedinoilcompaniesandpetcarebusinesses,tonamejustafew.Butwhiletheinvestmentsofthetwomenaresimilar,theydohavedifferentapproaches.WhileSamlikestoholdsharesforthelongtermasheissavingmoneyforhisfutureretirement,Stephenlikestobuywithanyprofitshemakes.

Samsays,“WedonotarguebecausewehaveseparateISAs.Itmeansfinallywemakeourowndecisionsaboutwhichsharestoinvestin.Theonlytimewemighthaveadisagreementiswhenwebothwanttousetheloginforthenewsserviceatthesametime.”

1.WhathappenedtoStephenin2000?

A.Hehadtoretirefromtheagency.

B.Hegaveawayallhispensions.

C.Hegotinjuredinanaccident.

D.Hesufferedalossinhisinvestment.

2.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“flagsup”inParagraph2mean?

A.Marks.B.Abandons.

C.Takesover.D.Setsup.

3.HowdoesStephenusuallyconducthisownresearch?

A.Bymeetingclientsandotherinvestors.

B.Bypredictingthetrendofthemarket.

C.Byanalyzingsomeresearchdata.

D.Bydoingongoinginterviewsonline.

4.InwhataspectdoSamandhisfathershareininvestment?

A.Thewaytodealwiththereturn.

B.Thepercentageofthesharestheyhold.

C.Theenthusiasmfortheinvestment.

D.Theapproachtostockmarketresearch.

答案

[语篇解读]　本文介绍萨姆和他的父亲的投资策略,他们在投资方面的共同之处就是对投资的热情。

1.D　推理判断题。

根据第一段中HemademoneyinthedotcomboombutgothisfingersburntwhenthebubbleburstinMarch2000.（他在互联网繁荣时期赚了钱,但是当2000年3月互联网泡沫破灭时他吃尽了苦头）可知这个时候他亏了钱,在2000年他的投资蒙受了损失。

故选D项。

2.A　词义猜测题。

第二段中提到Theseregulatoryannouncementscanincludeafirm'saccounts,generalupdatesornewsofmergers（合并）oracquisitions（收购）.这些监管公告可以包括公司的账目、一般的更新或合并或收购的消息。

第二段最后一句又指出Samflagsupcompaniesthathethinkslookinterestingtohisdadwhothendoessomemoreresearch.萨姆把那些他认为对他父亲很有趣的公司标记出来,然后再做一些研究。

由上述内容可推断出画线部分的意思是“做标记”,故选A项。

3.A　细节理解题。

根据第三段中...Stephenmakesanefforttogotoinvestorpresentations（报告）andtrytomeettheCEOanddirectorsofthefirmstheyinvestinandtospeaktootherinvestorsinthecompanies.可知Stephen通过会见客户和其他投资者来进行自己的研究。

故选A项。

4.C　推理判断题。

根据最后一段中WedonotarguebecausewehaveseparateISAs.Itmeansfinallywemakeourowndecisionsaboutwhichsharestoinvestin.（我们互不争论,因为我们有着自己的ISA,这就意味着最后我们就投资哪个股票自己做决定）可知,萨姆和他的父亲在投资方面的共同之处就是对投资的热情。

故选C项。

Passage3

　　Intoday'ssociety,languageplaysakeyroleindefininggender（性别）byvocabulary,andalsotheirnon-verbalvocabulary.Eachoneofthesedifferenttypesofwaysofcommunicatingisobviouslydifferentbetweenmenandwomen.

Manydifferentstudiesshowthatmentendtotalkmuchmorethanwomen.Ithasalsobeenproventhatwomentendtospeakfasterthanmen;thisisduetothefactthatwomentendtobeinterruptedmoreoftenthanmenare,andalsohavetheabilitytospeakmoreclearly,preciselyandquicklythanmen.Inonestudyitwasfoundthatwomenspokeforanaverageofthreeminutesdescribingapainting,asopposedtothethirteen-minuteaverageittookmentodescribeit.

Menandwomenalsotendtohaveaverydifferentnon-verbalwayofcommunicating,whichcanalsomakeitveryhardforoneanothertounderstandwhattheoppositesexistryingtosay.Men'sbodylanguageismuchmorereservedwhentalkingtowomen.Mentendnottomakeasmucheyecontactandtheygenerallystayfartherawayfromwomenwhentalkingtothem.Menavoidotherpeople'sbodyspacewhiletalking,andtheyalsotendtositbackwhentalking.Allofthesehavegivenofftheimpressionofdisinterestorboredom.Womenarebyfarbetterlistenersandmuchmoreenjoyabletotalkwithandtheytendtoraisemoretopicsforconversation.

Womenalsomakeitclearerwhetherornottheconversationisgoingsomewhereorjuststuckinneutral（中立）.Afterlearningaboutourstylesofcommunicatingwitheachother,Ihavedecidedthatalthoughmenhavenotquitemasteredcommunicating,whatfunwoulditbeifweallspokethesame“language”?

Thelittlegamesmenandwomenplaywitheachotherwhileconversingwouldbelost.Thequestioneveryoneaskshimselforherselfaftertalkingwithsomeoneoftheoppositesex,“Iwonderifthere'ssomethingthere?

”wouldnolongerexist.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2referto?

A.Thedifferencesbetweenmen'sandwomen'slanguages.

B.Thedifferentspeedofmen'sandwomen'sspeech.

C.Theabilityofmen'sandwomen'sspokenlanguage.

D.Thenon-verbalvocabularyofmenandwomen.

2.Inwhatwaydomenandwomendifferaccordingtothethirdparagraph?

A.Speedofunderstanding.

B.Understandingofspeechroles.

C.Politenessofcommunication.

D.Applicationofbodylanguage.

3.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothedifferencesbetweenmen'sandwomen'scommunication?

A.Cautious.B.Favorable.

C.Ambiguous.D.Skeptical.

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Women,bornexcellenttalkers

B.Men'sandwomen'ssocialroles

C.Vocabularyandcommunication

D.Oppositegender,differentlanguages

答案

[语篇解读]　本文讲述的是“不同的性别,不同的语言”。

在日常交流中我们可以用语言交流,也可以用肢体语言传递信息,这两种交流方式男女有着很大的区别。

1.B　推理判断题。

根据第二段中的Ithasalsobeenproventhatwomentendtospeakfasterthanmen（事实证明,女性说话速度比男性快）;再根据第二段下文thisisduetothefa