版高考北师大版英语大一轮复习能力提升题组训练Unit 20 New Frontiers.docx
《版高考北师大版英语大一轮复习能力提升题组训练Unit 20 New Frontiers.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《版高考北师大版英语大一轮复习能力提升题组训练Unit 20 New Frontiers.docx（13页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
版高考北师大版英语大一轮复习能力提升题组训练Unit20NewFrontiers
Unit20 NewFrontiers
能力提升题组训练（A）
Ⅰ.阅读（2019高三双语报36期）
Whenpeopleseemachinesthatrespondlikehumans,theysometimesjokeaboutafutureinwhichhumanitywillneedtoaccepttoomanyrobots.Butburiedinthejokeisaseedofunease.Science-fictionwritingsandpopularmovieshavealwaysshownusartificialintelligence（AI）.Itgoesbeyondtheexpectationofitscreatorsandescapestheircontrol,eventuallyoutcompetingandenslavinghumansortargetinghumansforextinction.
Evenintherealworld,noteveryoneisreadytowelcomeAIwithopenarms.Inrecentyears,ascomputerscientistshavepushedtheboundariesofwhatAIcanaccomplish,leadingfiguresintechnologyandsciencehavewarnedaboutthefrighteningdangersthatartificialintelligencemayposetohumans.ButwhyarepeoplesofrightenedabouttheideaofAI?
ElonMuskisoneofthefamousvoicesthathaveraisedredflagsaboutAI.InJuly2017,MusktoldattendeesatameetingoftheNationalGovernorsAssociation,“IthinkpeopleshouldbereallyconcernedaboutAI.Ikeepsoundingthealarmbell.Butuntilpeopleseerobotsgoingdownthestreetandkillingpeople,theydon’tknowhowtoreact,becausethecurrentinfluencedoesn’tseemsooverwhelming.”PhysicistStephenHawkingalsoexpressedconcernsaboutAI,oncetellingtheBBCthatthedevelopmentoffullartificialintelligencecouldspelltheendofthehumanrace.
However,fearsthatAIwilldevelopawarenessanddefeathumanityaregroundedinmisconceptionsaboutwhatAIis,notedWeinberger,anassociateprofessor.AIoperatesunderveryspecificlimitationsdefinedbythealgorithms（算法）thatstateitsbehavior.SometypesofproblemsmatchAI’sskillsetswell,makingcertaintasksrelativelyeasyforAItocomplete.“Butmostthingsdonotmatchthem,andthey’renotapplicable,”Weinbergersaid.
TheotherworrisomeideathatadishonesthumanwouldcontrolAIforharmfulactionsis,unfortunately,farmorelikely,Weinbergeradded.Almostanytypeofmachineortoolcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes,dependingontheuser’sintent.Butthatmisuseshouldnotattributetoartificialintelligence.
1.Whatisbehindpeople’sjokeaboutAI?
A.Theirfearforhumans’acceptanceofAI.B.TheirpraiseforAI’sroleinhumandevelopment.
C.TheirprideintheachievementsmadeinAI.D.TheirconcernaboutAI’sthreattohumans.
2.Theunderlinedword“overwhelming”inParagraph3canbereplacedby .
A.fundamentalB.powerfulC.positiveD.absolute
3.WhatdothealgorithmsdoaccordingtoWeinberger?
A.AchieveAI’sfastprogressinthefuture.B.MakeAImoreintelligentthanhumans.
C.CarefullydefinetheboundariesofAI.D.Urgegovernmentstomakestricterlaws.
4.WhatisWeinberger’sattitudetowardsAI?
A.Objective.B.Negative.
C.Uncaring.D.Curious.
语篇解读:
本文是议论文。
谈到了人类对人工智能的不同态度:
有人认为人工智能的发展是对人类的威胁;而有的人认为只有被坏人利用时,人工智能才能变成他们作恶的工具。
答案及剖析:
1.D 细节理解题。
根据第一、二段的内容可知,人们对人工智能开玩笑的背后,隐藏着他们对人工智能发展壮大的担忧,怕AI威胁到人类的生存。
2.B 词义猜测题。
根据划线词前面的内容可以推断,除非看见机器人追杀人类,否则因为当前的影响看起来不大,人类不会对它们做出反应的。
故划线单词可译为:
巨大的,严重的。
3.C 推理判断题。
根据第四段可知,人工智能的行为受算法的特别限制,所以有的问题人工智能是不能完成的。
可见,Weinberger认为人工智能能力的边界是受到严格限制的。
4.A 观点态度题。
根据倒数第二段的...fearsthatAI...aregroundedinmisconceptionsaboutwhatAIis.以及最后一段Theotherworrisomeidea...is...farmorelikely...可知,Weinberger既分析了AI战胜人类的错误观念,也表达了可能的担忧,所以他的态度是客观的。
Ⅱ.七选五（2019湖北十堰高三模拟）
StepsforaSuccessfulCollegeApplication
Whenitcomestogettingintothecollegeofyourchoice,yourcollegeapplicationisthemostimportanttoolyouhaveinyourhands.1. ,whileabadonecanlandyouatthebottom.Keepthefollowingtipsinmindwhenyouaregoingthroughthecollegeapplicationprocessandyou’llbeontheroadtoadmission.
BePrepared
2. ,carefullylookoverallthequestionsandrequirements.Dedicateapagetoeachcollegewithachecklistofeverythingyou’llneedtosubmit,suchastranscripts,recommendations,theessay,copiesofawards/certificates,etc.
3.
FormerRecordsTechnician,CarmenHuff,saysthebestthingstudentsdoistogettheirapplicationsearly—oratleastbythedeadline.Collegesanduniversitiesreceivesomanyapplicationsthattheydon’thavethetimetoacceptlateones.Themoretimeyougivethecollegeoruniversitytoprocessyourapplication,themoretimeyou’llhavetodealwithanyproblemsthatmightarise,Huffsays.
WatchYourGPAandTestScores
Thisisthefirstthingthatmostuniversitieslookat.Forexample,mostfour-yearcollegesdon’thaveaGPArequirement,buttopIvyLeagues（常春藤联盟）usuallyonlyacceptstudentswitha3.5orhigherGPA.However,ifyourGPAisweak,don’tgiveupapplying.4. .
WriteanAmazingEssay
Agreatessaycanhelptipthebalanceinyourfavor.5. .Manycollegesrequiretwoessays,oneshortandonelong.Whatyouwritenotonlyshowshowliterateyouare,butalsoprovidesthereaderwithanimpressionofyourvaluesandbeliefs.
A.BeOnTime
B.BePatientandDetermined
C.Whenyouhaveatestoranexam
D.Whenyoufirstreceivetheapplication
E.Agreatapplicationcanzipyoutothefrontoftheline
F.So,takethetimetothinkyouressaythroughcarefully
G.Instead,besuretoemphasizeyourothergoodqualitiessuchasanyawardsorcommunityinvolvement
答案:
1-5 EDAGF
Ⅲ.完形填空
WintersarealwayslongandcoldinNorthChina.Thewinterof2008wasespeciallytoughinonesouthwesterncity, 1 itbecameextremelycoldanditwasalsoadifficulttimeforme.Whatwasworse,a（n） 2 injuryhappenedtomeanditmightkeepmeinbedforseveralmonths,“JustintimefortheSpringFestival,”mymothersaidtome,sighing.ButhowcouldIfeelthe 3 whenthesnowwassoheavyandIhadmonthsofphysical 4 ahead?
OnedayIwasdoingmyhousework 5 therewasatapagainstthewindowfromabranchofthetroublesomefruittree.Onhearingthis,withmyeyesclosed,slowly,Ibegantorecallthefallof1995whensomebodyplacedapipefrommypumpnexttothetree.Theearthwassowetthatit 6 immediatelywithmostofitsbarerootsupward.Seeingthis,mymother 7 topullitout,butIrefused.“Howhardit’strying!
”Isaid, 8 thedirectionofitsstrongholdingoftheearth.“Itisworthyofachancetosurvive.”Withtools,we 9 drysoilaroundthetreeandputupsomesupportsintotheground,makingit 10 upright.
SeveralmonthshadpassedbeforeIcouldbe 11 ofit.Surprisingly,whenspringreturned,my“rescuestick”hadgrownsomeleavesandmany 12 .In2009thatlittlerescuestickhadgrownintoatoweringtree.Whatanunbelievablemiracleoflife!
ThedaybeforetheSpringFestival,the 13 atthewindowwascontinuing,themorefiercewind,thebettersound,asiftoremindmetolookupandappreciateitspowerfullife.
ThatnightIsleptpeacefullyhavingadream.Inthedreamsomeflowerswerecomingout 14 .ThenextmorningIstoodagainstthewindow. 15 thewindowwasthetreeburstingwithlife.Anyway,IhadawonderfulSpringFestivalthatyear.
1.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that
2.A.admirableB.terribleC.favorableD.slight
3.A.dutyB.joyC.coldD.failure
4.A.treatmentB.reportC.exerciseD.experiment
5.A.whileB.asC.whenD.that
6.A.stoodupB.cameoutC.gotoutD.felldown
7.A.decidedB.pretendedC.failedD.continued
8.A.attachingtoB.watchingoverC.lookingintoD.pointingto
9.A.threwB.turnedC.neededD.placed
10.A.bendB.dropC.standD.swing
11.A.awareB.tiredC.worthwhileD.proud
12.A.rootsB.nutsC.flowersD.stems
13.A.tappingB.strikingC.attackingD.hitting
14.A.politelyB.shylyC.passivelyD.wildly
15.A.AboveB.OutsideC.InsideD.Besides
语篇解读:
这是一篇记叙文。
作者在一个严寒的冬天受了重伤,需要卧床几个月,心情郁闷。
偶然树枝敲打窗户唤起了作者对这棵树的回忆。
这棵树顽强的生命力鼓舞了作者,从而心情变得平和,那年的春节也过得很愉快。
答案及剖析:
1.A 分析句子可知,city是先行词,横线处在后面的定语从句中作地点状语,故A项切题。
2.B admirable令人钦佩的;terrible可怕的;favorable赞成的;slight轻微的。
由“itmightkeepmeinbedforseveralmonths”可知,可能要卧床几个月。
可判断出作者受伤严重。
故B项切题。
3.B duty职责;joy快乐;cold寒冷;failure失败。
由上文“JustintimefortheSpringFestival,”可知“正好赶上春节”,所以会感受到快乐。
故B项切题。
4.A treatment治疗;report报告;exercise练习;experiment实验。
由上文可知,作者受了重伤,所以要接受物理治疗。
故A项切题。
5.C was/weredoingsth.when...“正在做某事时另一件事发生了”为固定句型。
故C项切题。
6.D stoodup站起来;cameout出版;gotout取出;felldown倒塌。
地面如此湿,才导致了塌陷。
故D选项切题。
7.A decided决定;pretended假装;failed失败;continued继续。
由“but”可知此处意为:
看到这个,妈妈决定把它拖出来,但是我拒绝了。
8.D attachingto依附;watchingover看护;lookinginto调查;pointingto指向。
句意:
我指着它牢牢抓住泥土的方向说。
由“thedirection”可知,pointto符合句意。
9.D threw投;turned转动;needed需要;placed放置。
由上文可知,树根裸露在外,所以要想让树存活,就需要在周围培上土。
故D项切题。
10.C bend弯曲;drop落下;stand站;swing摇摆。
由“putupsomesupportsintotheground”可知,在地上支起一些支撑物,就是让树直立起来。
故C项切题。
11.A 由下文“Surprisingly”可知,几个月过去了,我才意识到这一点,beawareof“意识到,察觉到”符合句意。
12.C roots根;nuts坚果;flowers鲜花;stems干。
由下文“Inthedreamsomeflowerswerecomingoutwildly”,可知,在梦里,一些鲜花正在怒放。
所以作者看到树开了花,在梦里也梦到了花正在怒放。
故C项切题。
13.A tapping轻敲;striking打击;attacking攻击;hitting打。
由前文“therewasatapagainstthewindow”可知,窗户上的敲打声一直持续到春节的前一天。
故A项切题。
14.D politely礼貌地;shyly害羞地;passively被动地;wildly狂热地。
句意:
在梦里,一些鲜花正在怒放。
wildly“狂热地”表示花开得非常好,也象征着生命的活力。
故D项切题。
15.B Above在……上;Outside在外面;Inside在里面;Besides除……之外。
句意:
窗外是一棵生机勃勃的树。
树长在窗外,所以outside“在外面”符合句意。
能力提升题组训练（B）
Ⅰ.阅读
A
Mydaughterrecentlyexpressedinterestinridingmore.Weliveinasmallcity,andbicyclesareapopulartransportationchoicehere.Iwasexcitedatherchoice.Shewouldsoonlearnhoweasyitistogetaroundinthisway,howfastshecanrideontwowheels.Biketoursareoftenquickerthanbusorcaborcartripsare.
Muchtomysurprise,noneofthismatteredtoher.Ononeofourfirsttripstogether,Iwasfixingontherouteahead—turns,arrivaltime—whenshesaid,“HeyDad,wannaknowariddle?
”
Andthen,beforeIexplainedhowunsuitablethiswas,howweshouldn’tbetellingjokeswhileriding,howweshouldbefocusedontheroad,onreachingourdestinationassoonaswecould,shestarted,“Whatlastsforeverbutneverdies?
”
Thisishowit’sbeen.Shehassharedstoriesfr
升级会员 