英语中考英语阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题含答案.docx
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英语中考英语阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题含答案
【英语】中考英语阅读理解知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)
一、初三英语阅读理解(含答案详细解析)
1.阅读理解
Sciencefictionisapopularkindofwriting,andmanypeoplethinkofJulesVerne(凡尔纳)asthefatherofsciencefiction.HewasborninFrancein1828.Hisfatherwantedhimtobecomealawyer,butfromhisearly20sVernedecidedtobecomeawriter.Atfirsthewroteplaysforthetheater.Then,in1863,hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.ThesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestoriessuchasAJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth(1864)andFromtheEarthtotheMoon(1865).
Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular.Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions(预言)forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.Hedescribedspaceflight,movies,andairconditioning,alongtimebeforetheyappeared.ThesebookswereverysuccessfulandtheymadeVernerich.
JulesVerne'sbookshavebeenthesubjectsformanymovies.20,000LeaguesundertheSeawasasuccessfulmovieforWaltDisney.ItwasthefirsttimethatDisneymoviehadusedrealactorsinsteadofcartoondrawings.AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.Forhim,themostimportantthingistobealwaysontime!
(1)Whatdoesthephrase"thefatherofsciencefiction"mean?
A. Thefatherwhohasseveralchildren.
B. Themanwholovesscienceandinventions.
C. Thewriterwhosefatherwrotesciencefiction.
D. Themanwhofirststartedwritingsciencefictionsuccessfully.
(2)WhatencouragedJulesVernetowritemorestories?
A. Theplayshewroteforthetheater.
B. Theencouragementfromhisfather.
C. ThesuccessofFiveWeeksinaBalloon.
D. Thescientificsubjectsinhisstories.
(3)WhywereJulesVerne'sbooksverypopularinthe19thcentury?
A. Becausehisbooksmadehimrichandfamous.
B. Becausehewrotemanyplaysforthetheateratthattime.
C. Becausehisbookswerethesubjectsformanymovies.
D. Becausemanypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.
(4)WhichofthefollowinghasthemaincharactercalledPhileasFogg?
A. FiveWeeksinaBalloon.
B. AroundtheWorldinEightyDays.
C. AJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth.
D. FromtheEarthtotheMoon.
(5)Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A. ThespaceflightVernedescribedwasdifferentfromothers.
B. ThemaincharactersinVerne'sbooksarealwaysontime.
C. JulesVerneonlywroteinthe19thcentury.
D. ManyofthepredictionsinVerne'sstoriescametrue.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)D
(4)B
(5)D
【解析】【分析】文章大意:
许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父,他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师,但是当他二十岁的时候,凡尔纳决定成为一名作家,他的书写的非常受欢迎,朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。
(1)词语理解题。
根据短语thefatherofsciencefiction科幻小说之父。
可知,JulesVerne被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人,故选D。
(2)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.Thesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestories”可知故事FiveWeeksinaBalloon的成功让凡尔纳更有动力写更多的小说,故选C。
(3)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句由文中 Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular. 可知在19世纪,许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。
儒勒·凡尔纳在他的小说中写下了科学主题,因此很受欢迎。
故选D。
(4)细节理解题。
根据文中的语句AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.可知《八十天环游世界》是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。
主角是一个叫斐利亚·福克的英国人。
故选B。
(5)理解判断题。
根据文中的语句Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions(预言)forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.可知凡尔纳的作品包括了许多对20世纪的预言,其中许多预言都实现了,故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本题主要考查了细节理解题,词义理解归纳题以及判断题,做题的时候,先从题目中找到一个关键词,它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文,找到答案。
2.根据短文理解,选择正确答案。
A
Somepeoplethinkonlyschoolchildrendonotagreewiththeirparents,however,itisnottrue.Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages.Ifit'shardforyoutocommunicatewithyourparents,don'tworryaboutit.Herearesomesuggestionsforyoutobridgegenerationgap(代沟).
Don'targuewithyourparents.Don'tgettoyourparentswhenyouareangry.Yourparentsprobablywon'tconsideryourideasifyouareshoutingatthemYoucan'texpress(表达)yourselfwellifyouareangry.Gotosomeplacetocooloff.Makesureyouunderstandwhyyouareunhappy.Thenthinkaboutwhatyouwanttosaytoyourparents.Ifyoudon'tthinkyoucanspeaktothematthemoment,trywritingaletter.
Trytoreachacompromise(和解).Perhapsyouandyourparentsdisagree(有分歧)onsomething.Youcankeepyourdisagreementandtryyourbesttoaccepteachother.Michael'smotherdidn'tagreewithhimaboutbuyingacar.Theyarguedoverit,butfinallytheycametoacompromise.Michaelboughtthecar,butonlydroveitoncertaindays.
Ofcourseyourparentsmightrefusetocompromiseonsomething.Inthesesituations,itisespeciallyimportanttoshowloveandrespect(尊敬)tothem.Showingrespectwillkeepyourrelationshipstrong.
Talkaboutyourvalues.Thevaluesofyourparentsareprobablydifferentfromthoseofyourown.Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhy.Understandingyourvaluesmighthelpthemseeyourpurposesinlife.
Agoodrelationshipwithyourparentscanmakeyouabetterandhappierperson.Itisworthhavingatry.
(1)Fromthepassageweknow_______haveacommunicationproblem.
A. parentsandchildrenofallages
B. childrenandotherpeople
C. parentsandtheirschoolchildren
D. teachersandtheirstudents
(2)Howmanypiecesofadvicedoesthewritergiveustobridgethegenerationgap?
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
(3)Theunderlinedphrase"cooloff"inthepassagemeans_______.
A. makeyourselfhappy
B. makeyourselfquietandrelaxed
C. becomeangry
D. goaway
(4)Ifthevaluesofyourparentsaredifferentfromthoseofyours,you'dbetter_______.
A. arguewiththem
B. keepawayfromthem
C. agreewiththemallthetime
D. tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout
(5)Thebesttitleforthepassageis_______.
A. HowtoBridgetheGenerationGap
B. HowtoDealwithFamilyProblems
C. HowtoBeGoodParents
D. HowtoBeaGoodChild
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)B
(4)D
(5)A
【解析】【分析】父子之间有代沟,主要原因就是缺少沟通,当我们彼此了解了对方的观点和想法以后,就能很容易的理解对方,从而消除代沟。
(1)细节理解,根据文中语句“Communicationisaproblemforparentsandchildrenofallages.”理解可知。
父母和孩子之间的沟通问题在任何年龄段都存在,故选A。
(2)理解归纳,通读文中语句理解可知,作者给我们提了三条建议,故选C。
(3)词义理解,根据Youcan'texpress(表达)yourselfwellifyouareangry.Gotosomeplacetocooloff.Makesureyouunderstandwhyyouareunhappy.可知生气的时候不能表达你自己,找个地方冷静冷静,让自己明白为什么不开心。
所以cooloff意思是“冷静下来”故选B。
(4)细节理解,根据文中语句“Thevaluesofyourparentsareprobablydifferentfromthoseofyourown.Tellyourparentswhatyoucareabout,andwhy.”理解可知。
让父母了解你的价值观,可以帮助父母更加的了解你,故选D。
(5)主旨大意,通读全文中的语句理解可知,本文主要介绍怎样消除代沟的建议,第一段最后一句Herearesomesuggestionsforyoutobridgegenerationgap(代沟).是本文的中心句,故选A。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力,答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词,在文章中寻找答案。
3.阅读理解
Whatproblemsdotheteenagersprobablyhave?
Hereisasurveyshowingtheirmainproblems:
Problems
Causes
Advice
Feelingstressed
Toomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.
Makeaplanforstudyandhobbies.Findtimetorelaxaspossibleasyoucan.
Gettingshortsighted
Toomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.
Dohomeworkandreadinacorrectway.
Fights
Don'tknowhowtogetonwellwithclassmates.
Makemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.Shareyourproblemswiththem.
Feelingtiredofstudy
Computergames'badinfluence.
Don'tbecrazyaboutcomputergames.Playthemjustforashorttimewhenyouwanttorelax.
Gettingfat
Havealotofpocketmoneytobuysnacks.Dislikedoingexercise.
Useyourpocketmoneytodosomethingmeaningful.Spendsometimedoingexerciseeveryday.
(1)Whatproblemsarecausedbytoomuchhomework?
A. Feelingstressedandfights.
B. Feelingtiredofstudyandgettingfat.
C. Feelingstressedandgettingshort-sighted.
D. Gettingshort-sightedandfeelingtiredofstudy.
(2)IfSimonisfeelingstressed,heshould .
A. domuchmorehomework
B. makeaplantospendtimeonstudyandhobbies
C. donatehispocketmoneytoProjectHope
D. buysomesnacks
(3)Peteristiredofstudy,maybebecausehe .
A. hasnoclosefriends
B. hasnopocketmoney
C. playstoomanycomputergames D. getsfatterandfatter
(4) isagoodwayforteenagerstostopfights.
A. Doinglesshomework
B. Playingcomputergames
C. Learninghowtomakefriends
D. Payingnoattentiontoeachother
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)C
(4)C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了关于青少年可能有的问题的一项调查结果。
(1)细节题。
根据FeelingstressedToomuchhomework.Don'thaveenoughtimefortheirhobbies.GettingshortsightedToomuchhomework.Badreadingandwritinghabits.可知太多的作业会导致感觉有压力和变近视,故选C。
(2)细节题。
根据第一行AdviceMakeaplanforstudyandhobbies.可知制定学习和爱好计划,故选B。
(3)细节题。
根据FeelingtiredofstudyComputergames'badinfluence.可知厌恶学习的原因是电脑的坏的影响,故选C。
(4)细节题。
根据FightsMakemorefriendsandunderstandeachother.可知交更多的朋友和相互理解可以阻止打架,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解,主要考查细节题,注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
4.阅读理解
BlackisatCityArtCenter
ATripintoaYoungFarmer'sMind
Chickensthatcantalk?
Cowsthatcandance