CreateTableControlUsingABAPProgramming.docx

CreateTableControlUsingABAPProgramming.docx

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CreateTableControlUsingABAPProgramming

CreateTableControlUsingABAPProgramming

CreateTableControlUsingABAPProgramming

Inlasttwoweeks,Ihavelearnedself-taughthowtocreate tablecontrol in SAPScreenusing ABAP4.Aftertrialanderror,finallyIhavefinishedmysmallproject.Whilelearningabouttablecontrol,Iuse SAPHelp asmainreference,somewebsitesandpresentationslidesfromMichaelAdams,QueenslandUniversityofTechnology.

ATableControlisascreen‘container’orobjectthatallowsdisplayofmultiplerowsofatable（database or internaltable）onascreen.Itisgoodfordisplayingaone-to-manyrelationshipontheonescreen.Thetablecontrolobjecthasmanyfeaturesbuiltintoenhancescreendisplayandusability.

TableControlfeaturesallow

∙horizontal&verticalscrolling

∙columnwidthresizing

∙scrollingwithinafield（wherecontentsarewiderthanthescreenfieldwidth）

∙reorderingthesequenceofcolumns

∙savingthecurrentdisplaysettingsforfutureuse

∙selectionoftablerows&columns

Formattingfeaturesinclude

∙automatictableresizingonwindowresize

∙separatorlinesbetweenrows&columns

∙columnheaderfieldsforallcolumns

Herestepstocreatetablecontrol

1.Declarethetablecontrol

Aswellasdrawingthetablecontrolonthescreenitisnecessarytodeclarethetablecontrolasadataitem（intheTOPincludeprogramforthetransaction）.

CONTROLSctrlTYPETABLEVIEW USINGSCREENscr.

∙isthenameofthetablecontrolonascreenintheABAPprogram

∙correspondstoacomplextype–   （CXTAB_CONTROLdefinedintheABAPdictionary）

∙isthescreenfromwhichthetablecontrolwillgetitsinitialvalues

2.Addingtablecontroltoascreen

Inthegraphicalscreeneditorchoosethetablecontrolelementbutton. Usetheleftmousebuttontopositionandsizethecontrolonthescreen.

Theninputthenameoftablecontrol.

3.AddingFieldtoatablecontrol

Toaddfieldtotablecontrol,wecanretrievefromtableorinternaltable.Clickonicon“dictionary/programfieldwindow”orfunctionkeyF6.

Theretwooptionwhileretrievefield,i.e.basedondatabasetableorinternaltable.Ifwanttoretrievefromdatabasetable,inputthenameoftablethenclickpushbutton“GetfromDictionary”.Ifwanttoretrievefrominternaltable,inputtheinternaltablenamethenclickpushbutton“Getfromprogram”.

Markthefieldtobeaddedtotablecontrol,andthenclickonpushbuttonOK.

Dragselectedfieldsintotablethenreleasethemousebutton.

Herethefieldsweselectedwillbedisplayedinreversedorder.Idonotexactlywhyithappens.Ihavetriedsomewaysandtrickstodisplayincorrectorder,butthefieldsstilldisplayedinreversedorder.Finally,togetthecorrectorderIselectedthefieldsonebyone.

4.Addinglabelforeachcolumn

Labelcolumnistextfield.Toaddit,justclickonthetextfieldicon,dragitontoheaderofthecolumnandthentypethelabel.

TableControlPrinciple

Thereareasetofprogrammingprinciplesthatshouldbeadheredtowhenusingtablecontrolsandsteploops.Datafromthedatabaseshouldbeinitiallyloadedintoaninternaltable.Thismeansthatthedatabaseisaccessedforreadpurposesonlyonceinthetransaction.Nexttherowsoftheinternaltableareloadedintothetablecontrol.Anychangesthataremadetothedataarethensavedbacktotheinternaltable.Attheendofthetransaction,thecontentsoftheinternaltablecanbewrittenbacktothedatabase,againtominimizedatabaseI/O.

PAIlogicforscreen1（seescreenbelow）loadstheinternaltablewithdatafromthedatabaseaccordingtotheentriessuppliedbytheuser.

PBOlogicforscreen2（seescreenbelow）populatesthetablecontrolfromtheinternaltable（buffer）.

Useractioninscreen2triggersthePAIlogic.PAIlogicupdatestheinternaltablewithnewvaluesentered（intothetablecontrolscreenfields）bytheuser.

PAIlogicistriggeredbyactionssuchasscrollingdownasinglerowaswellasactionssuchasBACK,EXIT,etc.

Unlesstheuseractioncausesthetransactiontoleavethecurrentscreen,afterthePAImoduleshavebeenexecuted,thePBOmodulesforthescreenareexecutedagain.Thusthetablecontrolfieldsareupdatedorrefreshedaftereveryuseraction.

PBO（ProcessBeforeOutput）

InPBOprocessingfieldsaretransportedfromthemodulepooltothescreeninapredefinedorder.

∙Thetablecontrolsteploopisprocessedrowbyrow.Fieldswithcorrespondingnamesaretransportedfromthemodulepooltothescreen.

∙Afterthesteploophasbeenprocessedallremainingmodulepoolfieldsaretransportedtothescreen.

PAI（ProcessAfterInput）

∙AllscreenfieldsthatdonotbelongtoatablecontrolandarenotspecifiedinaFIELDstatementaretransportedtomodulepoolfields

∙Tablecontrolfieldsaretransportedrowbyrowtomodulepoolfields

∙FieldsspecifiedinFIELDstatementsaretransportedimmediatelybeforetheFIELDstatementisexecuted

Updatingdataintablecontrol

TheABAPlanguageprovidestwomechanismsforloadingthetablecontrolwithdatafromtheinternaltableandthenstoringthealteredrowsofthetablecontrolbacktotheinternaltable.

1.Method1:

 ReadtheinternaltableintotheTableControlinthescreen’sflowlogic. UsedwhenthenamesoftheTableControlfieldsarebasedonfieldsoftheinternaltable.

2.Method2:

 ReadtheinternaltableintotheTableControlinthemodulepoolcode.UsedwhenthenamesoftheTableControlfieldsarebasedonfieldsofthedatabasetable.

Method1（tablecontrolfields=itabfields）

IntheflowlogicwecanreadaninternaltableusingtheLOOPstatement.DefinethereferencetotherelevantablecontrolbyspecifyingWITHCONTROL

DeterminewhichtableentryistobereadbyspecifyingCURSOR-CURRENT_LINE.

Afterthereadoperationthefieldcontentsareplacedintheheaderlineoftheinternaltable.Ifthefieldsinthetablecontrolhavethesamenameastheinternaltheywillbefilledautomatically.Otherwiseweneedtowriteamoduletotransfertheinternaltablefieldstothescreenfields.

WemustreflectanychangestheusermakestothefieldsofthetablecontrolintheinternaltableotherwisetheywillnotappearwhenthescreenisredisplayedafterPBOprocessing,（eg,aftertheuserpressesEnterorscrolls）However,thisprocessingshouldbeperformedonlyifchangeshaveactuallybeenmadetothescreenfieldsofthetablecontrol（hencetheuseoftheONREQUEST）

PROCESSBEFOREOUTPUT.

LOOPATITAB_REGWITHCONTROLTCREG

CURSORTCREG-CURRENT_LINE.

ENDLOOP.

PROCESSAFTERINPUT.

LOOPATITAB_REG.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REG.

ENDLOOP.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REGINPUT.

MODIFYITAB_REGINDEXTCREG-CURRENT_LINE.

ENDMODULE.

Method2（tablecontrolfields=dict.fields）

IfusingaLOOPstatementwithoutaninternaltableintheflowlogic,wemustreadthedatainaPBOmodulewhichiscalledeachtimetheloopisprocessed.

Since,inthiscase,thesystemcannotdeterminethenumberofinternaltableentriesitself,wemustusetheEXITFROMSTEP-LOOPstatementtoensurethatnoblanklinesaredisplayedinthetablecontroliftherearenomorecorrespondingentriesintheinternaltable.

PROCESSBEFOREOUTPUT.

LOOPWITHCONTROLTCREG.

MODULEREAD_ITAB_REG.

ENDLOOP.

PROCESSAFTERINPUT.

LOOPWITHCONTROLTCREG.

CHAIN.

FIELD:

ITAB_REG-REG,

ITAB_REG-DESC.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REG

ONCHAIN-REQUEST.

ENDCHAIN.

ENDLOOP.

MODULEREAD_ITAB_REGOUTPUT.

READTABLEITAB_REGINDEXTCREG-CURRENT_LINE.

IFSY-SUBRCEQ0.

MOVE-CORRESPONDINGITAB_REREGTOTCREG.

ELSE.

EXITFROMSTEP-LOOP.

ENDIF.

ENDMODULE.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REGINPUT.

MOVE-CORRESPONDINGTCREGTOITAB_REG.

MODIFYITAB_REGINDEX

TCREG-CURRENT_LINE.

ENDMODULE.

Updatingtheinternaltable

Method1

PROCESSAFTERINPUT.

LOOPATITAB_REG.

CHAIN.

FIELD:

ITAB_REG-REG,

ITAB_REG-DESC.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REGONCHAIN-REQUEST.

ENDCHAIN.

ENDLOOP.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REGINPUT.

ITAB_REG-MARK=‘X’.

MODIFYITAB_REGINDEXTCREG-CURRENT_LINE.

ENDMODULE.

Method2

PROCESSAFTERINPUT.

LOOPWITHCONTROLTCREG.

CHAIN.

FIELD:

TCREG-REG,

TCREG-DESC.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REGONCHAIN-REQUEST.

ENDCHAIN.

ENDLOOP.

MODULEMODIFY_ITAB_REGINPUT.

MOVE-CORRESPONDINGTCREGTOITAB_REG.

ITAB_REG-MARK=‘X’.

MODIFYITAB_REGINDEXTCREG-CURRENT_LINE.

ENDMODULE.

Updatingthedatabase

MODULEUSER_COMMAND_100.

CASEOK_CODE.

WHEN‘SAVE’.

LOOPATITAB-REG.

CHECKITAB_REG-MARK=‘X’.

MOVE-CORRESPONDINGITAB_REGTOTCREG.

UPDATETCREG.

ENDLOOP.

WHEN…

…

ENDCASE.

ENDMODULE.

Thosearethesimplestepshowtocreatetablecontrol.WhatIhavelearnedthisweekonlythebeginning.ActuallytherearemoreareasinSAPTableControlwithabapprogrammingthatcanbeexploreddeeper,butmaybenexttime.